César Elias Botelho

Correlação entre crescimento e produtividade de cultivares de café em diferentes regiões de Minas Gerais, Brasil

The objective of this work was to evaluate coffee growth traits in the initial stages of development and to determine its correlation with the crop initial yield in different environments. Twenty-two cultivars resistant to rust and three susceptible ones were evaluated in five representative coffee growing localities in the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil. The experiment was carried out from 2005 to 2008 in a randomized complete block design with three replicates. Besides initial yield, five growth traits were evaluated 12 months after planting: stem diameter, number and length of plagiotropic branches, plant height, and number of nodes. The genotypic and phenotypic correlations were evaluated for all traits. Pau Brasil MG1 and Catuai Amarelo IAC 62 cultivars show superiority in at least four out of the five evaluated characters, in all growing localities. There is a positive correlation between initial yield and the evaluated growth traits, except number of nodes.

Intensidade da cercosporiose em mudas de cafeeiro em função de fontes e doses de silício

ABSTRACTEffect of silicon doses and sources on the intensity of the brown eye spot of coffee seedlings The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of calcium and sodium silicate on the intensity of brown eyespot ( Cercospora coffeicola ) in coffee ( Coffea arabica ) seedlings (Catuai IAC 99) by using doses (0; 0.32; 0.63 and 1.26g of SiO 2 .kg -1 ) of substrate. Five evaluations were done by counting the number of diseased plants, number of leaves withlesions, number of lesions per leaf and total number of lesions per plant. The concentration of macro, micronutrients,silicon and lignin in the leaves was determined at the end of the experiment. The lowest area under the disease progresscurve of the total number of lesions was observed with 0.84 g.kg -1 of sodium silicate. Diseased plants were found to havea linear decrease of area under the disease progress curve and an increase in the concentration of lignin up to the dose of0.52 g.kg -1 of sodium silicate. The increase of sodium silicate and dose application into the soil up to 0.53 g.kg decreasedthe concentration of SiO

Adaptabilidade e estabilidade fenotípica de cultivares de café arábica em Minas Gerais

The objective of this work was to evaluate the phenotypic adaptability and stability for grain yield of the Catuai group of coffee cultivars by the method Annicchiarico. The experiments were installed and carried out in the counties of Tres Pontas, Campos Altos and Capelinha, Minas Gerais state, Brazil. The experiments were carried out in a randomized complete block design, with four replicates and six plants per plot. The treatments were constituted by 15 cultivars of the Catuai group and five controls. The grain yield evaluations were performed in the six harvests from 2003/2004 to 2008/2009 growing seasons. Then, the joint analysis of the three localities and the evaluation of cultivars adaptability and stability were performed. The parameters floating beans and high sieve grains were carried out considering the 2008/2009 harvest. The cultivars Catuai Vermelho IAC 15, Catuai Amarelo IAC 30, Catuai Amarelo IAC 62 and Catuai Vermelho IAC 72 were the most promising because they allied higher stability and adaptability in favorable and unfavorable environments with mean high yield. The cultivars Catuai Vermelho IAC 100, Catuai Amarelo IAC 86, Rubi MG 1192 and Catuai Vermelho IAC 144 have the highest percentage of bean size grains. All the cultivars showed low percentage of floating grains.

Seleção de progênies F4 de cafeeiros obtidas pelo cruzamento de Icatu com Catimor

The objective of this work was to select progenies of productive and rust resistant coffee plants. An experiment was installed and carried out in Machado, MG, Brazil, where 29 progenies obtained from the Icatu x Catimor cross were evaluated and selected by the coffee plant genetic improvement program coordinated by EPAMIG. Cultivar Ruby MG 1192 was used as control. The experiment was arranged in a randomized block design with three repetitions. Production of processed coffee in 60 kg bags.ha-1 from six harvests, from 2001/2002 to 2006/2007, vegetative vigor evaluated after the 2006/2007 harvest and the incidence and severity of rust in the first semester of 2006 were analyzed. Variability was observed for production and rust resistance, which was confirmed by heredability estimates of good magnitude, varying from 58.5% for production to 92.6% for rust incidence. These results allied to good production means, low rust incidence and severity and good vegetative vigor of some progenies, show that it is possible to select superior progenies on the basis of production and rust resistance.

Desempenho agronômico de cultivares de café resistentes à ferrugem no estado de Minas Gerais, Brasil

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the agronomic performance of 24 coffee cultivars (22 rust resistant cultivars and 2 susceptible control varieties) in different environments of Minas Gerais State, Brazil. The coffee plants were planted in four locations (Lavras, Campos Altos, Patrocinio and Turmalina) in three agroclimatic regions. The experiments were arranged in randomized complete block design, with three replications in plots measuring 3.5x0.7 m, with 10 plants per plot. The following traits were analyzed: yield, percentage of grains retained in sieve size 16 and vegetative vigor from four cropping years (2008 to 2012) and the adaptability and stability in yield. The cultivars showed differential performance in the four environments. The cultivars Sabia Tardio, Pau Brasil MG1, Obata IAC 1669-20, Catucai Amarelo 24/137 and IPR 103 were the most promising because they combined higher agronomic stability and adaptability in favorable and unfavorable environments.

Prediction of genetic gains from selection in Arabica coffee progenies

Gains from selection for yield were estimated in Arabica coffee progenies carrying rust-resistance genes. The experiment in augmented block design was installed in Tres Pontas, state of Minas Gerais. Three blocks were established with six plants per plot, spaced 3.50 x 0.90 m, in 96 regular (F2 progenies) and two control treatments. The plant response to rust was evaluated on a grade scale in 2008. Yield (bags per hectare) was estimated in the growing seasons 2005 to 2008. Significant differences between treatments for yield were observed in all harvests, except 2005. The presence of genetic variability among progenies allowed significant gain from selection for yield. Under the experimental conditions of this study, selection for yield can be performed in the first high-yield year, without major losses compared to genetic gain from selection for yield when based on the mean of four harvests.

Divergência genética entre cafeeiros do germoplasma Maragogipe

This study aimed to identify the genetic divergence among coffee trees of the Maragogipe group in the active germplasm coffee bank in Patrocinio, Minas Gerais, Brazil, using multivariate analyzes. In the study, 27 morpho-agronomical descriptors were assessed. Mahalanobis generalized distance was applied to quantify the genetic divergence among genotypes. The following methods were used: Tocher clustering, Unweighted Pair-Group Method Using Arithmetic Averages (UPGMA) hierarchical clustering and the canonical variables analysis. The cluster analysis by Tocher method and the UPGMA separated the accessions into three and six groups, respectively. The analysis of the relative contribution of each characteristic to the genetic dissimilarity highlighted the intensity of curling leaf, inflorescence number per leaf axil and average yield as those that contributed most to the achievement of genetic divergence. It was observed that the first three canonical variables explained more than 90% of the total variance contained in the set of the analyzed characteristics. The combination between MG0167 and MG0170 accessions is the most promising for a possible crossing for immediate use in breeding programs.

Desempenho agronômico de seleções de café Bourbon Vermelho e Bourbon Amarelo de diferentes origens

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a adaptabilidade e estabilidade fenotipica e outras caracteristicas de interesse agronomico de genotipos de cafe Bourbon Vermelho e Bourbon Amarelo, para selecionar os de melhor desempenho no Estado de Minas Gerais. Foram avaliados 17 genotipos pertencentes ao grupo Bourbon, bem pontuados em concursos de qualidade de bebida, alem de tres cultivares amplamente cultivadas no estado, utilizadas como testemunhas. Os experimentos foram instalados em dezembro de 2005, nos municipios de Lavras, Santo Antonio do Amparo, Tres Pontas, Campos Altos e Patrocinio. As avaliacoes foram realizadas durante as quatro primeiras colheitas, nos anos agricolas 2007/2008, 2008/2009, 2009/2010 e 2010/2011, e compreenderam as seguintes caracteristicas: produtividade de graos, adaptabilidade e estabilidade fenotipica, percentagem de frutos chochos, vigor vegetativo e classificacao por peneira. Ha variabilidade genetica dentro do grupo de Bourbon estudado. Os genotipos de Bourbon apresentam produtividades satisfatorias em todos os locais avaliados. O genotipo Bourbon Vermelho 2 apresenta maior adaptabilidade, tendo-se destacado quanto a todas as caracteristicas avaliadas.

Eficiência na seleção de progênies de cafeeiro avaliadas em Minas Gerais

The present work had the aim of verifying the selection efficiency of coffee plants originated from the crossing between Catuai and Icatu with Timor Hybrid. Eighteen progenies developed by the Program of Genetic Improvement of Epamig/UFLA/ UFV were evaluated. Coffee plants were planted in December 2005 in the following counties: Lavras, Campos Altos and Patrocinio, in the State of Minas Gerais. The characteristics analyzed were: productivity, grain size and proportion of cherry fruit. In order to verify the efficiency of the selection, the index of coincidence was applied according to the methodology of Hamblin and Zimmermann (1986), as well as the magnitude of the interaction progenies x environments and its decomposi - tion in simple and complex parts using the methodology of Cruz and Castoldi ( 1991). The predominance of the complex part in relation to the simple one in the interaction of the progenies x environments confirms the low or absence coincidence of the progenies in different environments, raising difficulties for a general recommendation for different coffee regions in the State of Minas Gerais.

Agronomic traits of coffee tree progenies from Timor Hybrid x Catuaí crossing

The objective of this work was to evaluate the agronomic traits of coffee tree progenies. The experiment was set in Ouro Verde Farm, located at Campos Altos County, MG. Twenty three coffee progenies and seven control cultivars were used. These progenies are from the fourth generation of crossing between Timor Hybrid and Catuai. The experiment was set in a randomized block design with four replicates, a total of 120 plots with 8 plants per plot. The yield of processed coffee sacks ha-1 was evaluated in eight crop years from the 2003 to the 2011 harvests. The percentage of fruits at the cherry stage, floating fruits, coffee classification (sieve above 17), income and plant vigor were evaluated in the 2010 and in the 2011 harvests. It was concluded that the progenies showed a great variability for the agronomic traits. Progenies 514-7-4-C130, 493-1-2-C134 and 518-2-10-C408 had the highest yield in the four two-year periods. The progenies 436-1-4-C26, 516-8-2-C109, 493-1-2-C134, 518-2-10-C408, 514-7-16-C211 and 514-7-16-C208 presented the highest values for plant vigor. Progeny 493-1-2-C134 stood out in all analyzed traits, showing to be promising for the advance of the generations.