Ceyhun Göl

Çankırı-Eldivan yöresinde arazi kullanma türleri ile yüzey toprağı nemi arasındaki ilişkiler

Bu calismanin amaci, Cankiri-Eldivan yoresinde farkli arazi kullanim turleri (tarim-orman-mera) ve bakinin topragin hidrofiziksel ozellikleri uzerindeki etkisini arastirmaktir. Bu etkiyi belirlemek uzere Cankiri-Eldivan yoresinde dogal orman, dikim ormani (plantasyon), mera ve tarim arazisi olarak degerlendirilen ve iki farkli bakida acilan 21 adet toprak profilinden alinan 79 adet toprak ornegi uzerinde bazi hidrofiziksel ve kimyasal analizler yapilmistir. Elde edilen bulgular, hidrolik iletkenligin arazi kullanim turune gore, hidrolik iletkenlik ve tarla kapasitesinin bakiya gore onemli duzeyde degistigini ortaya koymustur. Anahtar Kelimeler: Arazi kullanim turu, Toprak, Hidrofiziksel toprak ozellikleri, Cankiri-Eldivan

Assessing the effects of different soil preparation methods on sampling growth in afforestation studies

Bu arastirma, Cankiri Karatekin Universitesi (C.K.U.), Orman Fakultesi agaclandirma alaninda yurutulmustur. 1998 yilinda baslayan farkli toprak hazirligi uygulamalari ve dikilen fidan agac turu dikkate alinarak belirlenen ornekleme alanlarinda yuzey (0-15 cm) toprak ozellikleri ve fidanlarin bazi morfolojik ozellikleri incelenmistir. Fidanlarin morfolojik ozellikleri ve birim alanda yasayan fidan sayisi ile toprak hazirligi ve agac turu arasinda iliskileri ortaya koyabilmek icin istatistiksel analizleri yapilmistir. Elde edilen bulgulara gore yuzey topraklari orta ve hafif bunyeli, toprak reaksiyonlari alkali ve hafif alkali, kirec miktari %18-29, tuzluluk miktari %0.05-1.04, organik madde miktari %0.07-2.9 arasinda degisim gostermistir. Fidanlarin morfolojik ozellikleri incelendiginde en iyi cap/boy gelisimi ve birim alanda en fazla yasayan fidan sayisinin Anadolu Karacami (Pinus nigra Arnold subsp. pallasiana (Lamb.) Holmboe) oldugu belirlenmistir. Toprak hazirligi uygulamalari bakimindan makine gucu ile BUROR teras toprak hazirligi uygulanan sahaya dikilen fidanlarin daha yuksek cap ve boy gelisim gosterdikleri belirlenmistir. Anahtar Kelimeler: Agaclandirma, Toprak hazirligi, Fidan gelisimi, Cankiri

SOME SITE CHARACTERISTICS OF EASTERN BEECH (Fagus orientalis Lipsky.) FORESTS ON TÜRKMEN MOUNTAIN (EVKONDU HILL)

The purpose of this research is to investigate some site conditions of eastern beech (Fagus orientalis Lipsky) forests and to determine some relationships between soil, plant and forest floor on Evkondu hill located on Turkmen Mountain of Eskisehir province. This study was carried out at 20x10 m size sample plots on upper, middle and bottom slopes of hill at north aspect. Soil, and forest floor samples were collected from these sample plots. It was observed that distribution of Fagus orientalis Lipsky was sparse in Eastern beech side of hill at 1600-1575 m altitudes. Soils of the research area are clay loam and clay loam textures. Soil acidity change between pH 4.4 and pH 6.6. Maximum forest floor mass (52.24 ton/ha) was determined at Black pine-Eastern beech-European hornbeam forest whereas, minimum forest floor mass (13.16 ton/ha) was found at pure eastern beech forest. Keywords: Turkmen Mountain, Site Condition, Eastern beech, Eskisehir

AVALANCHE PHENOMENA AND FORESRTY

In the Mountainous areas, avalanches treaten urban life, settlementsski areas, energy transmission lines, railroads, motorways; in addition, avalanches results in loss of life and wealth. Avalanches are generally seen in high altitudes of lands where the vegetation should be kept. For this reason;any wrong application in forest areas and deforestration have effects on occurrence of avalenches. The most important factors affecting the occurrence of avalanches are topography and climate of the area. One of the significant effects in increase of avalanches is to draw the forest border to the lower altitudes by some negative practices below the alpin zone in Turkey. Definition, processes, prevention of avalanches and the methods of plantation and silviculture in avalanche areas are given in this article. Keywords: Avalanche, Forests under avalanche risk, High mountain silviculture

THE RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN LAND USE TYPES AND MOISTURE CONTENTS AT THE SURFACE SOIL IN THE ÇANKIRI-ELDİVAN REGION

The objective of this research was to investigate the effects of different land uses (agriculture-forest-grassland) and aspect on hydrophysical soil properties. In order to determine those effects, some hydrophysical and chemical analyses were done on 79 soil samples from 21 soil profiles at two aspects covered by natural forest, plantation, grazing land and agricultural land. Results showed that hydraulic conductivity properties changed with land use type, and hydraulic conductivity and field capacity changed with aspect significantly. Keywords: Land use type, Soil, Hydrophysical soil properties, Cankiri-Eldivan

PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF ÇANKIRI ( KENBAĞ) NURSERY GARDEN SOILS AND THEIR GENESIS

The objective of this research was to investigate physical, chemical and morphological properties of Cankiri-Kenbag nursery garden soils formed on alluvial flat land. Research area is far 6 km from centre of Cankiri and its altitude is 710 m from above mean sea level. Climate are hot and arid in summer and cold and hard in winter. Formation of these soils in the study area result from the sedimentation that was brought by Tatli stream during inundation and also affected by slope area. A fter examination of topographic maps, sketch and land observation which was done with grid method and auger examinations, nine profile places were excavated in study area. Then soil samples were taken from each profile and their analyses were done in the laboratory. By assessing the results of analyses and studies, six different soil series were determined and described. Two of them were classified as Aridisols and the others were Entisols. Keywords : Morphology, Genesis, Taxonomy, Survey.

Çankırı (Kenbağ) orman fidanlığı topraklarının fiziksel, kimyasal özellikleri ve sınıflandırılması

Bu arastirmanin amaci, aluviyal araziler uzerinde olusmus Cankiri-Kenbag orman fidanligi topraklarinin fiziksel, kimyasal ve morfolojik ozelliklerin incelenmesidir. Arastirma alani Cankiri il merkezine 6 km uzaklikta olup deniz seviyesinden ortalama yuksekligi 710 m dir. Iklim yazlari sicak ve kurak kislari ise soguk ve serttir. Calisma bolgesindeki topraklar, ozellikle Tatli cayinin degisik taskin zamanlarinda getirmis oldugu sedimanlar uzerinde ve yamac arazilerin etkileri sonucu olusmustur. Bolgeye ait topografik harita ve krokilerin incelenmesi, grit yontemi ve burgu yoklamalari ile gerceklestirilen arazi gozlemlerinden sonra, arastirma sahasinda 9 profil kazilmistir. Acilan profillerin her birinden horizon esasina gore ornekler alinmis ve labaratuvarda analizleri yapilmistir. Analizlerden elde edilen sonuclarin ve arazi gozlemlerinin degerlendirilmesi ile 7 farkli toprak serisi tanimlanmistir. Bunlardan 2 tanesi Aridisol ve 5 tanesi Entisol olarak siniflandirilmistir. Anahtar kelimeler: Morfoloji, Genesis, Taksonomi, Etud