Chao C. Chen

Sources of Work-Family Conflict: A Sino-U.S. Comparison of the Effects of Work and Family Demands

Given differences in values about work and family time, we hypothesize that Americans will experience greater family demand, which will have greater impact on work‐family conflict, whereas the Chinese will experience greater work demand, which will have the greater impact on work‐family conflict. The results of a survey of working men and women in the two countries generally supported the hypotheses; however, work demand did not differ significantly between the two countries and did not have a greater effect than family demand on work‐family conflict in China.

Chinese Guanxi: An Integrative Review and New Directions for Future Research

In this article we review research on Chinese guanxi and social networking in the past twenty years and identify the major perspectives, theories, and methodologies used in guanxi research at micro and macro levels. We summarize the main findings of over 200 journal articles on guanxi research in terms of its conceptual definitions and measurements, its antecedents and consequences, and its dynamics and processes. Furthermore, we identify the gaps between different levels of guanxi research and discuss future directions to advance our understanding of the complex and intricate guanxi phenomenon.

New Trends in Rewards Allocation Preferences: A Sino-U.S. Comparison

This study explored situations in which current organizational goal priorities require rewards allocation logics that contradict traditional distributive norms and the natural characteristics of re...

Individualism, Collectivism, and Opportunism: A Cultural Perspective on Transaction Cost Economics

Researchers criticize the transaction cost economics (TCE) paradigm for over-generalizing the assumption of opportunism as human nature. We suggest that opportunistic propensity is affected by cultural prior conditioning of individualism-collectivism (I-C). Specifically, we propose that individualists have a higher opportunistic propensity in intra-group transactions, and collectivists in inter-group transactions. Our cultural specification of opportunism helps TCE to more effectively accommodate some criticisms and more realistically deal with problems of economic organization in today’s global economy.

The Role of Relational Trust in Bank–Small Firm Relationships

Using data on 935 small firms and bank managers, we differentiated customers relational trust in their banks from beliefs about the banks self-interested motivations. Relational trust mediated th...

Responding to trust breaches: The domain specificity of trust and the role of affect

Abstract Trust researchers have called for additional work examining trust breaches and trust erosion, as well as an explicit inclusion of affect in trust models. This paper directly responds to these calls. Based on a critical analysis and extension of Mayer, Davis and Schoormans (1995) integrative trust model, we examine the relative amount of positive affect associated with each dimension of trustworthiness (i.e., ability, integrity and benevolence). We further explore how breaches of different trustworthiness expectations for a particular joint activity influence trust erosion of the overall relationship. Finally, we identify specific negative emotions that mediate trust breaches and trust erosion.

From Personal Relationship to Psychological Ownership: The Importance of Manager–Owner Relationship Closeness in Family Businesses (从私人关系到心理所有权：家族企业中经理与企业主关系亲密度的重要性)

Integrating theories of psychological ownership and stewardship, and taking a relational perspective, we examine key antecedents and outcomes of professional managers psychological ownership in Chinese owner‐managed family businesses. We tested the model using a survey of 166 Chinese professional managers (one from each of 166 family businesses). We find that owner–manager relationship closeness at work mediates the effect of both the owners benevolent leadership and owner–manager friendship ties on the managers psychological ownership. Psychological ownership, in turn, is positively related to the managers intention to stay and to stewardship behaviour. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed. 摘要. 融合心理所有权理论与管家理论，我们从关系的视角考察了企业主管理的中国家族企业中职业经理心理所有权的前因变量和结果变量，并运用对166位职业经理（每个企业访问一位经理）的问卷调查数据检验了本文的理论模型。我们发现企业主与经理的工作关系亲密度中介了企业主仁慈领导和企业主与经理之间友谊关系连带对经理心理所有权的影响，而经理的心理所有权与经理的留职意向和管家行为正相关。我们讨论了上述结果的理论与实践意义。

Enhancing the Effects of Power Sharing on Psychological Empowerment: The Roles of Management Control and Power Distance Orientation. 权力分享对提升心理授权感的影响：管理控制与权力距离的调节作用

In this article we test a model of bounded empowerment: the boundary conditions under which power sharing affects employees psychological empowerment. Using data from two telecommunication companies, we investigate how management control and power distance orientation moderate the effects of supervisors power sharing on employees psychological empowerment. Results show that power sharing improves job performance partly through psychological empowerment. Furthermore, management control enhances rather than impedes the positive effect of power sharing on psychological empowerment. Power distance orientation further enhances management controls positive moderating effect on employee psychological empowerment. Limitations and implications for future research are also discussed.

Event and Entity Justice Perceptions: Distributive Justice and Compensation System Fairness in International Joint Ventures

The article presents a study seeking to extend the two-paradigm view of organizational justice research in Chinese-foreign international joint ventures. The article states that the study explores t...