Charles A. Winter

Effects of Lysergic Acid Diethylamide upon Performance of Trained Rats

Summary 1) A syndrome resulting from intraperitoneal injection of LSD in rats is described. In rats trained to climb a rope, LSD produces signs of confusion and markedly prolongs climbing time. This effect on climbing time can be objectively and quantitatively measured, and is linearly related to the log dose of LSD. 2) Effects of LSD could be partially antagonized by serotonin or by 5-hydroxy tryptophane administered intra-peritoneally. α-4 (piperidyl) benzhydrol did not affect the action of LSD, while reserpine intensified and prolonged the LSD-syndrome.

Antitussive Action of d-Isomethadone and d-Methadone in Dogs

Summary A method is described for testing antitussive activity in dogs. It is shown that 2 compounds nearly devoid of analgesic or narcotic properties, d-methadone and d-isomethadone, are active in this test.

Nonsteroid Antiinflammatory Agents

The drugs with which this review will be concerned are those which are useful in the treatment of connective tissue diseases. These disorders are characterized by chronic inflammation, and the drugs used to treat them have the ability to inhibit one or more of the manifestations of inflammation. Arthritis is a term used to indicate ‘articular inflammation and is a sign of disease and not a diagnosis’ [10].

Failure of Antihistaminic Drug “Phenergan” to Protect Against Acute Pulmonary Edema

Summary The antihistaminic drug, Phenergan (3277 R.P.), in doses of 20 or 40 mg per kg, failed to protect rats or guinea pigs against the pulmonary edema induced by injection of ammonium chloride, and also offered no protection against epinephrine-in-duced pulmonary edema in guinea pigs.

Adrenal repair and chromatophore expanding activities of corticotropin-B.

Summary A product isolated from a pepsin digest of swine corticotropin and behaving in countercurrent distribution studies like a pure substance has been designated corticotropin-B. This product not only has very high adrenal ascorbic acid reducing activity, but is also extremely active in restoring adrenal weight in hypophysectomized rats, and has a high degree of chromatophorotropic activity.

Effect of steroids upon resistance of skin to intracutaneous injection.

Summary 1. Measurements have been made of the resistance offered by the skin to the intracutaneous introduction of fluid, as determined by the amount of pressure required to perform an intracutaneous injection under carefully controlled conditions in adult male rats. 2. Systemic administration of cortisone markedly increased the resistance of the skin to injection. Hyaluronidase, incorporated in the fluid administered intracutaneously, lowered the injection pressure. The effect of cortisone, however, was shown to be independent of the effect of the steroid upon hyaluronidase. Testosterone, desoxycorticosterone, compound S, and 21-acetoxypregnenolone were without effect under the conditions of these experiments.

Studies on the chronic toxicity of pyranisamine maleate (neo-antergan maleate) in animals.

Abstract 1.1. Neo-Antergan maleate (brand of pyranisamine maleate) has been administered to rats, dogs, and monkeys for varying lengths of time up to six months. The following doses appeared to be entirely safe: (a) In rats, 10 mg. per kilogram five times weekly for six months and up to 200 mg. per kilogram daily for thirty-two days; (b) in dogs, 20 mg. per kilogram five times weekly for six months; (c) in monkeys, 50 mg. per kilogram daily for thirty-five days. No toxic signs, nor any hematologic, biochemical, or pathologic abnormalities were found in the animals on these doses. 2.2. One monkey tolerated 100 mg. per kilogram daily for thirty-five days, but this proved to be a toxic level for another monkey which succumbed after five such doses. In rats, daily doses of 500 mg. per kilogram for sixty-one days and 1,000 mg. per kilogram for forty-two days proved to be toxic for some animals because many died on these dose levels. Those which survived, however, grew at a nearly normal rate. 3.3. There is no evidence that Neo-Antergan has a cumulative effect at small or moderate doses, since the drug may be administered over a long period of time with no apparent ill effects.