Network


Latest external collaboration on country level. Dive into details by clicking on the dots.

Hotspot


Dive into the research topics where Chiarella Sforza is active.

Publication


Featured researches published by Chiarella Sforza.


American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics | 1993

Craniofacial morphometry by photographic evaluations

Virgllio F. Ferrario; Chiarella Sforza; Alessandro Miani; Gialuca Tartaglia

Frontal and lateral oriented profile photographs of 108 healthy young adults (57 men and 51 women) were taken, and a standardized protocol was used to quantitatively describe the depicted craniofacial soft tissue structure, the relationships among facial structures, and head posture relative to the ground. Pictures were taken in two body positions, standing and sitting. The male faces were, on average, wider and longer than the female faces, in both frontal and lateral views, with greater differences in the mouth and chin regions. Both sexes were generally symmetrical. Persons who were asymmetric compensated for their appearance by changing head posture relative to the ground, so that in the frontal plane, the interpupillary axis and the occlusal plane were parallel to the ground. Measurements can be employed in computer graphic reconstructions used in orthognathic, maxillofacial, and plastic surgery. In the standing position, the Frankfurt plane was directed upward and forward, with a mean angle of 13 degrees relative to the ground. In seated subjects, it was more nearly horizontal (5 degrees in the men, 8 degrees in the women). This result confirms the need for a careful reevaluation of standard cephalometric and photographic protocols.


Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery | 1994

Distance from symmetry : a three-dimensional evaluation of facial asymmetry

Virgilio F. Ferrario; Chiarella Sforza; Carlo E. Poggio; Gianluca M. Tartaglia

PURPOSE A new method for the quantification of facial asymmetry has been developed and applied to a group of 80 young, healthy, white adults with no craniofacial, dental, or mandibular disorders. The method calculates an asymmetry vector (distance from the symmetry) that allows both the quantification of the absolute degree of asymmetry and its three-dimensional direction and verse. METHODS For each subject, the three-dimensional coordinates of 16 standardized soft-tissue facial landmarks (trichion, nasion, pronasale, subnasale, B point, pogonion, eye lateral canthi, nasal ala, labial commissure, tragus, gonion) were automatically collected using a noninvasive instrument. The coordinates underwent a four-step analysis: 1) calculation of the plane of symmetry, the facial centers of gravity, and the asymmetry vector in each subject; 2) calculation of the mean absolute asymmetry in each sample; 3) calculation of the mean asymmetry vector (resultant vector) in the population; and 4) calculation of the separate contributions of the single facial structures to the facial asymmetry. RESULTS A certain degree of soft-tissue facial asymmetry was found both in the individuals and in the global population, and it was evident especially in the middle (tragus) and lower (gonion) thirds of the face. The right side of face was larger than the left side.


Journal of Orthopaedic Research | 2002

Active range of motion of the head and cervical spine: a three-dimensional investigation in healthy young adults.

Virgilio F. Ferrario; Chiarella Sforza; Graziano Serrao; Gianpiero Grassi; Erio Mossi

Purpose. To define reference values for head–cervical range of motion (ROM) in healthy young adults, to assess the effect of sex, and to quantify the separate contribution of other body districts.


The Cleft Palate-Craniofacial Journal | 1998

Preliminary Evaluation of an Electromagnetic Three-Dimensional Digitizer in Facial Anthropometry

Virgilio F. Ferrario; Chiarella Sforza; Carlo E. Poggio; Massimiliano Cova; Gianluca M. Tartaglia

OBJECTIVE In this investigation, the precision of a commercial three-dimensional digitizer in the detection of facial landmarks in human adults was assessed. METHODS Fifty landmarks were identified and marked on the faces of five men, on five women, and on a stone cast of the face of one man. For each subject, the three-dimensional coordinates of the landmarks were obtained twice using an electromagnetic three-dimensional digitizer, and the duplicate digitizations were superimposed using common orientations and centers of gravity. Metric differences between homologous landmarks were assessed, and Dahlbergs error was computed. RESULTS For both men and women, the error was 1.05% of the nasion-midtragion distance, while for the cast, it was 0.9%. When the duplicate digitizations were used to mathematically reconstruct the faces, and several distances, angles, volumes, and surfaces were computed, more than 80% of the measurements had coefficients of variation lower than 1%. CONCLUSIONS The digitizer can assess the coordinates of facial landmarks with sufficient precision, and reliable measurements can be obtained.


Clinical Biomechanics | 2002

Three-dimensional analysis of active head and cervical spine range of motion: effect of age in healthy male subjects.

Chiarella Sforza; Gianpiero Grassi; Nicola Fragnito; Michela Turci; Virgilio F. Ferrario

OBJECTIVE To assess the effect of age on active head-cervical range of motion in healthy men. DESIGN Three-dimensional cervical motion ranges and patterns were measured in 70 men. BACKGROUND The effect of age on cervical range of motion is still discussed. METHOD Twenty adolescent (mean age 16 year), 30 young adult (mean age 23 year), and 20 mid-aged (mean age 37 year) men performed maximal head and cervical spine flexion-extension, lateral bending, and axial rotation. Movements were detected using a digital optoelectronic instrument. Maximum head-cervical spine and thoracic motions were separated. RESULTS Flexion and extension were larger in the adolescents and young adults (130-132 degrees ) than in the mid-aged men (117 degrees ). Thoracic movement increased as a function of age. Lateral bending was symmetric, associated with head-cervical rotation and extension, and larger in adolescents (85 degrees ) than in young (77 degrees ) and mid-aged adults (79 degrees ). Axial rotation was symmetric, associated with flexion-extension and lateral bending, and similar in the three age groups (respectively, 160 degrees, 155 degrees, 153 degrees ). CONCLUSIONS Active head-cervical range of motion reduced between 15 and 45 years of age in men. Relevance The present data can be used as a reference for cervical range in motion in men between 15 and 45 years.


Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral Pathology | 1990

Calcification of the stylohyoid ligament: incidence and morphoquantitative evaluations.

Virgilio F. Ferrario; Davide Sigurtá; Antonio D'Addona; Lorenzo Dalloca; Alessandro Miani; Fabio Tafuro; Chiarella Sforza

To study the incidence of calcification of the stylohyoid ligament, 286 orthopantomographs were analyzed. All patients had no symptoms. The total incidence of calcification was noted to be high, at 84.4%. The number and the length of calcifications increased with age, and there was no relationship to sex or mandibular size. The phenomenon is often evident bilaterally. The variety of results reported in the references depends on different criteria in radiographic evaluation and in patient selection.


Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry | 1996

Occlusion and center of foot pressure variation: Is there a relationship?

Virgilio F. Ferrario; Chiarella Sforza; Johannes H. Schmitz; Alberto Taroni

The influences of head and body posture on the mandibular rest position, the range of functional movements, and the initial tooth contact have been documented. In this investigation, the modifications of the position of the center of foot pressure during natural standing were studied in 30 women. The subjects were divided into three groups: healthy women (control), women with an asymmetric (unilateral) Angle class II malocclusion, and women with temporomandibular disorders. Data were acquired in 30-second trials by use of a force plate that allowed a separate assessment of each foot while the subjects maintained different dental positions: rest position; centric occlusion; maximum clench; occlusion on two cotton rolls placed on the mandibular teeth distal to the canines; and maximum clench on two cotton rolls. Bivariate analysis was used to compute the mean values and relevant variability for the center of foot pressure location during each trial. The results demonstrated that the modifications of foot center of pressure were not influenced by temporomandibular disorders and asymmetric malocclusion or by different dental positions.


Forensic Science International | 2009

Age- and sex-related changes in the normal human ear.

Chiarella Sforza; Gaia Grandi; Miriam Binelli; Davide G. Tommasi; Riccardo Rosati; Virgilio F. Ferrario

The objective of this study was to supply information about: (1) normal sex-related dimensions of ears (linear distances and ratios, area); (2) left-right symmetry; and (3) growth changes between childhood and old age. The three-dimensional coordinates of several soft-tissue landmarks on the ears and face were obtained by a non-invasive, computerized electromagnetic digitizer in 497 male and 346 female healthy subjects aged 4-73 years. From the landmarks, paired ear width and length, the relevant ratios, ear areas and angles relative to the facial midline, as well as indices of left-right symmetry, were calculated, and averaged for age and sex. Comparisons were performed by factorial analysis of variance. All ear dimensions were significantly larger in men than in women (p<0.001). A significant effect of age was found (p<0.001), with larger values in older individuals. The ear width-to-length ratio and the sagittal angle of the auricle significantly decreased as a function of age (p<0.001) but without sex-related differences. On average, the three-dimensional position of ears was symmetric, with symmetry coefficients ranging between 92% and 96%. Asymmetry was found in the sagittal angle of the auricle (both sexes), in the ear width-to-length ratio and ear width (men only). Data collected in the present investigation could serve as a data base for the quantitative description of human ear morphology and position during normal growth, development and aging. Forensic applications (evaluations of traumas, craniofacial alterations, teratogenic-induced conditions, facial reconstruction, aging of living and dead persons, personal identification) may also benefit from age- and sex-based data banks.


Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery | 2010

Accuracy and Reproducibility of a 3-Dimensional Stereophotogrammetric Imaging System

Marcio De Menezes; Riccardo Rosati; Virgilio F. Ferrario; Chiarella Sforza

PURPOSE To test the accuracy and reproducibility of a 3-dimensional (3D) stereophotogrammetric imaging system for measuring the facial soft tissues of healthy subjects. MATERIALS AND METHODS Three-dimensional soft tissue facial landmarks were obtained from the faces of 10 adult subjects, by use of a 3D stereophotogrammetric imaging system (Vectra; Canfield Scientific, Fairfield, NJ). Sixteen linear measurements were computed. Systematic and random errors between operators, calibration steps, and acquisitions were calculated. RESULTS No systematic errors were found for all performed tests (P > .05, paired t test). The method was repeatable, and random errors were always lower than 1 mm, except for the distance from cheilion to cheilion. Repeated sets of acquisition showed random errors up to 0.91 mm, without systematic biases. CONCLUSION The 3D stereophotogrammetric imaging system can assess the coordinates of facial landmarks with good precision and reproducibility. The method is fast and can obtain facial measurements with few errors.


Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences | 2004

Aging of oocyte, ovary, and human reproduction

Chris Ottolenghi; Manuela Uda; Toshio Hamatani; Laura Crisponi; Jose Elias Garcia; Minoru Ko; Giuseppe Pilia; Chiarella Sforza; David Schlessinger; Antonino Forabosco

Abstract: We review age‐related changes in the ovary and their effect on female fertility, with particular emphasis on follicle formation, follicle dynamics, and oocyte quality. The evidence indicates that the developmental processes leading to follicle formation set the rules determining follicle quiescence and growth. This regulatory system is maintained until menopause and is directly affected in at least some models of premature ovarian failure (POF), most strikingly in the Foxl2 mouse knockout, a model of human POF with monogenic etiology (blepharophimosis/ptosis/epicanthus inversus syndrome). Several lines of evidence indicate that if the ovarian germ cell lineage maintains regenerative potential, as recently suggested in the mouse, a role in follicle dynamics for germ stem cells, if any, is likely indirect or secondary. In addition, age‐related variations in oocyte quality in animal models suggest that reproductive competence is acquired progressively and might depend on parallel growth and differentiation of follicle cells and stroma. Genomewide analyses of the mouse oocyte transcriptome have begun to be used to systematically investigate the mechanisms of reproductive competence that are altered with aging. Investigative and therapeutic strategies can benefit from considering the role of continuous interactions between follicle cells and oocytes from the beginning of histogenesis to full maturation.

Collaboration


Dive into the Chiarella Sforza's collaboration.

Top Co-Authors

Avatar
Top Co-Authors

Avatar
Top Co-Authors

Avatar
Top Co-Authors

Avatar
Top Co-Authors

Avatar
Top Co-Authors

Avatar
Top Co-Authors

Avatar
Top Co-Authors

Avatar
Top Co-Authors

Avatar
Top Co-Authors

Avatar

Riccardo Rosati

Vita-Salute San Raffaele University

View shared research outputs
Researchain Logo
Decentralizing Knowledge