Christiane Ceriani Aparecido

Galhas e deformações em jambu (Spilanthes oleraceae)causadas por Tecaphora spilanthes (Ustilaginales)

The herbaceous Asteraceae known by the name jambu and other common names is native to the Amazon region has been used and cultivated for culinary, medicinal, insecticidal and ornamental purposes. It is also used as spice for local food in Belem city, Para State. The medicinal value of this plant has been known and it has been studied in cultivated plants in Botucatu county, Sao Paulo State. This is the first report of a smut (Tecaphora spilanthes Freire & Vanky) affetcting this plant in the Sao Paulo State. The smut causes losses and also reduced the quality of the plants.

Caracterização morfofisiológica de isolados do gênero Cylindrocladium

In order to characterize the anamorphic genus Cylindrocladium eighteen isolates of this funguswere cultivated in different culture media, kept under different temperatures, besides having conidia and terminal vesicles morphologically analyzed for correct identification of the isolates. Inoculations on different hosts were carried out to evaluate of pathogenic behavior of the studied isolates. Concerning the morphologic characters studied, it was observed that alterations occurred in the conidial dimensions and morphology of the terminal vesicles, but was not important considering that is due to substratum changes. However, the natural variability in the general characteristics of these structures indicated that it is difficult to obtain a correct identification of the isolates. In the same culture it was observed terminal vesicles with different morphologies. Pathogenic and physiological differences among the isolates could be observed. This brings the idea of distinct population groups when such characteristics are considered in this study. These differences probably indicate a distinct genetic constitution among the isolates used in this study.

Abutilon ornamental (Abutilon sp. - Malvaceae) mostrando pústulas de Synchytrium australe

The genus Abutilon includes a large number of ornamental species with nice foliage and flowers. The different species are known under several common names as Indian mallow, China jute, butterprint, etc. Plants of abutilon received for phytopathological analysis by the Instituto Biologico, Sao Paulo, Brazil showing curious rust like symptoms (pustules) on leaves, stems and pods were studied to determine the causal agent. Numerous yellow sporangia characteristic of zoosporic fungi belonging to the Order Chytridiales were found within the superficial intact galls. Based on KARLING (1955) paper the pathogen was identified as Synchytrium australe Speg. The voucher material was saved and settled in the Mycological Herbarium of the Institution under the number IBI/SP 11975. This was the first report of the occurrence of this species in Brazil.

Estudos de três meios de cultura axênicos para a ferrugem das mirtáceas

Axenic cultivation has been shown as an important tool for studies related to the biology, the pathogenicity and the maintenance of pure cultures of biotrophic species. Therefore, the present study aimed to analyze the in vitro growth of Puccinia psidii uredospores, using enriched culture media that had success in the axenic cultivation of other rusts. Compounds such as salts, amino acids, carbohydrates and vitamins were selected for the preparation of three enriched culture media: ASZV Kuck (10), SH Schenk & Hildebrandt (21) and HG Harvey & Grasham (7), modified. Comparatively, enriched media were prepared from leaves of “jambeiro” (FJ) at four concentrations: 0.5; 1.0; 3.0 and 5.0 g L-1 (grams of leaves per one liter of distilled water). In this study, verification covered only the first stage of fungal growth, germ tube growth, not continuing in the pathogen development. The enriched media that provided greater P. psidii germ tube growth were the media ASZV, HG and FJ at 0.5 g L-1 concentration.