Chung Berm Park

Comparison of the Characteristics of Seed Germination and the First Stage of Growth in Cynanchum wilfordii (Maxim.) by Different Light Conditions

This study was carried out to compare the characteristics of seed germination and the first stage of growth in Cynanchum wilfordii (Maxim.) by different light conditions such ass fluorescent light, dark and light emitting diode (LED). There was not much difference from the germination rate of C. wilfordii (Maxim.) in different light conditions for 10 days. The highest of germination rate occurred over 91.11 percentage by LED red condition at 26℃. Also mean germination veloc- ity and promptness index were represented the highest results of 2.3 ea/day and 52.67 under red light, respectively. But mean germination time under both LED red and blue light was represented low data that it takes over three days for germi- nating of seed. Even though handling both LED red and blue lights, the germination uniformity was not constant. These results may help our understanding of variations in germination characteristics for C. wilfordii (Maxim.) seeds treated under different light conditions.

The Germination Characteristics of Seed by Storage and Germination Temperature in Astragalus membranaceus

*Department of Applied Plant Sciences, College of Agriculture and Life Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 200-701, Korea.**Bioherb Research Institute, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 200-701, Korea.***Department of Herbal Crop Research, NIHHS, RDA, Eumseong 369-873, Korea.****Department of Herbal Medicine Resource, Kangwon National University, Samcheok 245-907, Korea.ABSTRACT : This study was investigated to evaluate germination rate of Astragalus membranaceus B. in Korea as affectedby storage temperature, germination temperature and storage period of seed. The highest germination rate was obtainedfrom condition of 25℃ in germination temperature. Seeds were stored at −20℃ and 5℃ for 8 weeks has showed higher ger-mination rate than one at room temperatures. The germination rates showed significantly difference by harvested year of2010, 2011 and 2012. The seed of A. membranaceus in harvested year of 2011 and 2012 had germinated well. On the otherhand, seeds in harvested year of 2010 were not nearly germinated. Consequently, the longer storage period after seed har-vest lower germination rate and seed vigor as well.Key Words : Astragalus membranaceus, Germination Rate, Germinative Energy, Storage Temperature, Germination Temperature

Characteristics of Growth and Yield by Planting Density and Mulching Materials in Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge

*Department of Herbal Crop Research, NIHHS, RDA, Eumseong 369-873, Korea.**Jeollanamdo Development Institute for Korean Traditional Medicine, Jangheung 529-851, Korea.ABSTRACT : This study was carried out to investigate the variation of growth and yield using different planting densitiesand vinyl mulching in S. miltiorrhiza cultivation. Top plant growth was observed in the 30 × 30 ㎝ planting density of S. mil-tiorrhiza;, plant height, leaves and branches were larger than in the other treatments. Root length, root diameter, and sup-porting roots of underground part were increased as planting density was wide, and dry root weight was increased in30 × 30 ㎝. However, yield was highest at 294㎏/10a in the planting density of 30× 10 ㎝. The use of 30-31㎝ white andblack vinyl mulching had no significant effect on the plant height of S. miltiorrhiza, as compared to non-mulching. However,the highest volume of leaves and plant weight was observed in plants using 24.7 black vinyl mulching. Dry underground rootweight was highest in black vinyl mulching at 21.7 g compared to 17.0 g for non-mulching. Yield per 10a increased by 28%using black vinyl mulching compared to non-mulching. Based on the results of this study, planting density of 30 × 10 ㎝ andblack vinyl mulching are the most suitable in the cultivation of S. miltiorrhiza.Key Words : Salvia miltiorrhiza , Planting Density, Mulching Materials, Root Yield

Identification of Fungal Pathogen Causing Seedling Rot of Lithospermum erythrorhizon and Study on the Optimum Growing Temperature for Decreasing of the Seedling Rot

*Department of Herbal Crop Research, NIHHS, RDA, Eumseong 369-873, Korea.**College of Agricultural and Life Sciences, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 305-764, Korea.ABSTRACT : This study was conducted to isolate and identify the fungal pathogen causing seedling rot of Lithospermumerythrorhizon Siebold & Zuccarini, and to know the optimum growing temperature for decreasing seedling rot of Lithosper-mum erythrorhizon . On the basis of morphological characteristics, EF-1a sequence analysis, and pathogenecity to host plant,the fungi isolated from seedling rot and seeds of Lithospermum erythrorhizon were identified as Fusarium fujikuroi, indicat-ing that disease causing fungus is seed-borne pathogen. Optimum temperature for germination of seeds of Lithospermumerythrorhizon was 15 ~ 20℃, but pathogenicity of Fusarium fujikuroi was shown more readily at 25 ~ 30℃. These resultssuggested that seedling culture of Lithospermum erythrorhizon between 15℃ and 20℃ might reduce seedling rot of Lithos-permum erythrorhizon caused by seed-borne pathogen Fusarium fujikuroi.Key Words : Lithospermum erythrorhizon , Seedling Rot, Fusarium fujikuroi, Pathogen

Ecological Distribution of Medicinal Plants in Miho Stream, Korea

This study was analyzed and investigated to evaluate ecological distribution of medicinal plants in Miho Stream of Korea. Totality 463 taxa of vascular plants were appeared in lower part of Miho Stream. Medicinal plants were distributed 253 taxa, which were 54.6% of the total vascular plants appeared. Medicinal plants of official drug compendium(Korean pharmacopoeia) were 85 taxa. Medicinal plants were distributed most of the forest area, and followed field surrounding, stream surrounding and paddy surrounding respectively. The distribution of life form hemicryptophyte was the most frequent. Plant community of appearing area of medicinal plants was classified into Salix koreensis, Phragmites japonica, Echinochloa crusgalli, Artemisia selengensis, Miscanthus sacchariflorus, Setaria faberii, Panicum dichotomiflorum, Bidens frondosa, Humulus japonicus, Monochoria vaginalis var. plantaginea, Eleocharis kuroguwai, Erigeron acris, Pinus densiflora, Pinus rigida, Quercus acutissima, Quercus serrata, Robinia pseudoacacia and Castanea crenata community. Medicinal plants in plant communities that occur frequently were Humulus japonicus, Corylus heterophylla and Liriope spicata.

Distribution of Medicinal Plants and Vascular Plants Growing at Yangsan Region of Nakdong River, Korea

Department of Biology, College of Science, Kyungsung University, Busan 608-736, Korea. ***Jeollanamdo Agricultural Research and Extension Services, Naju 542-821, Korea.****Cheongyang Boxthorn Experiment Station, Cheongyang 345-872, Korea.*****Department of Horticultural Science, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 361-763, Korea.ABSTRACT : This study was carried out to survey the vascular plants in 6 regions including around Hopo-Bridge of Yang-san region at waterfronts of Nakdong river, Korea. Distributed plants were surveyed from April to November, 2011. Thevascular plants in 6 regions (around Mulgeum-chuisujang, Mulgeum-station, Jeungsan-ri, Hopo-bridge, Kumoh-bridge andlower part of Yangsan-stream) were total 135 taxa of 3 divisions, 4 classes, 37 orders, 66 families, 116 genera, 114 species, 2subspecies and 19 varieties. The most number of species is Campanulales of 14.1% in Dicotyledoneae of 81.5% among totalspecies. Regional distribution of species is mainly around Mulgeum-chuisujang and Jeungsan-ri as 61% among total species,and other regions is in 24 ~ 44%. Ecologically, there were herbaceous plants 75% and woody plants 25%, and 9 species ofaquatic plants in herbaceous plants. Medicinal (herbal) plants included in KP (The Korean Pharmacopoeia) and KHP (TheKorean Herbal Pharmacopoeia) were 56 species including Platycodon grandiflorum (Jacq.) A. De Candolle, Peucedanumjaponicum Thunberg and etc., and folk herb plants were 14 species including Metaplexis japonica Makino, Commelina com-munis Linne and etc. among total 135 species.Key Words : Medicinal Plants, Herb, Vegetation, Nakdong-river, Waterfronts, Herb-Garden