Chunyan Jiang

Arthroscopic Bankart Repair Combined With Remplissage Technique for the Treatment of Anterior Shoulder Instability With Engaging Hill-Sachs Lesion A Report of 49 Cases With a Minimum 2-Year Follow-up

Background Engaging Hill-Sachs lesions are known to be a risk factor for recurrence dislocation after arthroscopic repair in patients with anterior shoulder instability. For a large engaging Hill-Sachs lesion, arthroscopic remplissage is a solution. Hypothesis Arthroscopic Bankart repair combined with the Hill-Sachs remplissage technique can achieve good results without significant impairment of shoulder function. Study Design Case Series; Level of evidence, 4. Methods Forty-nine consecutive patients who underwent arthroscopic Bankart repair and Hill-Sachs remplissage for anterior shoulder instability were followed up for a mean duration of 29.0 months (range, 24-35 months). There were 42 males and 7 females with a mean age of 28.4 years (range, 16.7-54.7 years). All patients had diagnosed traumatic unidirectional anterior shoulder instability with a bony lesion of glenoid and an engaging Hill-Sachs lesion. Physical examination, radiographs, and magnetic resonance imaging were performed during postoperative follow-up. The American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons (ASES) score, Constant score, and Rowe score were used to evaluate shoulder function. Results The active forward elevation increased a mean of 8.0° (range, -10° to 80°) postoperatively. However, the patients lost 1.9° (range, -40° to 30°) of external rotation to the side. Significant improvement was detected with regard to the ASES score (84.7 vs 96.0, P < .001), Constant score (93.3 vs 97.8, P = .005), and Rowe score (36.8 vs 89.8, P < .001). There were 1 redislocation, 2 subluxations, and 1 patient with a positive apprehension test; the overall failure rate was 8.2% (4 of 49). Successful healing of the infraspinatus tendon within the Hill-Sachs lesion was shown by magnetic resonance imaging. Conclusion Arthroscopic Bankart repair combined with Hill-Sachs remplissage can restore shoulder stability without significant impairment of shoulder function in patients with engaging Hill-Sachs lesions.

Locking intramedullary nails and locking plates in the treatment of two-part proximal humeral surgical neck fractures: a prospective randomized trial with a minimum of three years of follow-up.

BACKGROUND locking intramedullary nails and locking plates specially designed for proximal humeral fractures are widely used. The purpose of our study was to compare the outcomes between these two types of implants in patients with a two-part surgical neck fracture. The advantages and shortcomings of each method were analyzed. METHODS a prospective randomized study was performed. Fifty-one consecutive patients with a fresh two-part surgical neck fracture were randomized to be treated with a locking intramedullary nail (n = 25) or a locking plate (n = 26). Clinical and radiographic assessments were conducted at one year and three years after the surgery. A visual analog scale (VAS) was used to assess shoulder pain. The American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons (ASES) scores and Constant-Murley scores were recorded to evaluate shoulder function. RESULTS fracture union was achieved in all patients within three months after the surgery. At one year postoperatively, a significant difference (p = 0.024) was found with regard to the complication rate between the locking plate group (31%) and the locking nail group (4%). The average ASES score, median VAS score, and average strength of the supraspinatus were significantly better in the locking plate group (90.8 compared with 83.6 points [p = 0.021], 1.0 compared with 0.5 point [p = 0.042], and 77.4% compared with 64.3% [p = 0.032]). At three years postoperatively, no significant difference could be found in terms of any parameter between the two groups. Significant improvement in the VAS pain scores, ASES scores, and Constant-Murley scores were found between the one-year and three-year follow-up examinations in each group. CONCLUSIONS satisfactory results can be achieved with either implant in the treatment of two-part proximal humeral surgical neck fractures. There was no difference regarding the ASES scores between these two implants at the time of the final, three-year follow-up. The complication rate was lower in the locking intramedullary nail group, while fixation with a locking plate had the advantage of a better one-year outcome. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE therapeutic Level I. See Instructions to Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.

Proximally based conjoined tendon transfer for coracoclavicular reconstruction in the treatment of acromioclavicular dislocation.

BACKGROUND We report an alternative to the modified Weaver-Dunn technique that can achieve stable coracoclavicular reconstruction while avoiding sacrifice of the coracoacromial arch. The purpose of this study was to retrospectively analyze the functional outcomes and radiographic features of patients treated with coracoclavicular ligament reconstruction with use of a proximally based conjoined tendon transfer. METHODS The cases of thirty-eight patients with type-IV, type-V, and selected type-III acromioclavicular dislocations according to the Rockwood classification system, who were followed for an average follow-up of 38.7 months, were evaluated retrospectively. Transfer of the lateral half of the conjoined tendon to the distal aspect of the clavicle in a proximally based fashion, with additional coracoclavicular fixation, was performed in all patients. At the latest follow-up evaluation, radiographic analysis and the scores on the American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons, Constant and Murley, and Simple Shoulder Test questionnaires were used to provide a final evaluation of shoulder function. The ability to return to work and the ability to return to sports were also recorded. RESULTS At the time of final follow-up, the mean American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons score was 91.4, with a mean pain score on the visual analog scale of 1.8, mean forward flexion of 148.2 degrees , and mean external rotation of 38.0 degrees . The mean Constant and Murley score was 90.6. The new number of positive answers on the Simple Shoulder Test was 10.9. The overall rate of satisfaction (an excellent or good result) was 89% (thirty-four patients). Thirty-five (92%) of the thirty-eight patients returned to their previous work, and thirty-two (84%) returned to their preinjury level of sports. CONCLUSIONS The proximally based conjoined tendon transfer is a reliable treatment for a high-grade acromioclavicular dislocation. The lateral half of the conjoined tendon is a safe graft source with ample length, and this technique avoids sacrifice of the coracoacromial ligament.

Treatment of proximal humeral fracture with a proximal humeral nail

BACKGROUND Various treatment options are available for displaced proximal humeral fractures. This study monitored a series of patients treated with a locking proximal humeral nail (PHN). HYPOTHESIS Fixation with a PHN can be an effective method when treating patients with two part surgical neck fractures of proximal humerus. MATERIALS AND METHODS PHNs were used to surgically repair humeral neck fractures in 22 patients. Factors affecting the final function were analyzed by multiple linear regression. RESULTS Mean patient age at the time of surgery was 56.9 years. The mean follow-up was 25.4 months, and all fractures united within 8 weeks. The average active forward flexion was 147.3 degrees , the average external rotation was 44.1 degrees , and the average internal rotation was T10. All patients were satisfied with their results. Two factors associated with patient American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeon scores were patient age and the strength of the supraspinatus. DISCUSSION Details in patients choosing and surgical management were discussed. CONCLUSION Closed reduction and internal fixation with a PHN can be an effective method for the treatment of 2-part surgical neck fractures.

Do Reduction and Healing of the Bony Fragment Really Matter in Arthroscopic Bony Bankart Reconstruction? A Prospective Study With Clinical and Computed Tomography Evaluations

Background: Bony Bankart lesions can be treated with arthroscopic repair. However, few studies have evaluated the importance of bony fragment reduction and healing to stability of the glenohumeral joint after arthroscopic bony Bankart repair. Purpose: To evaluate functional results after surgery and determine the correlation between reduction and healing of the fracture and postoperative stability of the glenohumeral joint. Study Design: Case series; Level of evidence, 4. Methods: A total of 50 patients (47 men, 3 women; average age, 27.6 years; range, 16.5-50.1 years) with bony Bankart lesions and recurrent anterior shoulder dislocations were treated with arthroscopic reduction and internal fixation with suture anchors. The average follow-up period was 32.5 months (range, 24.3-61.2 months). Preoperative and postoperative range of motion and American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons (ASES), Constant-Murley, and Rowe scores were compared to evaluate the results of the surgeries. Sequential 3-dimensional computed tomography (CT) scans were available for 37 patients and were analyzed to investigate the effect of the bony defect of the glenoid and the correlation between the success of the surgery and reduction and healing of the bony fragment. Results: After surgery, active forward elevation was significantly improved (P < .05). No significant differences were found regarding external and internal rotations after surgery. The ASES, Constant-Murley, and Rowe scores improved significantly after surgery. Redislocations occurred in 3 patients, and a positive anterior apprehension sign was detected in 1 patient during follow-up. The overall failure rate was 8.0% (4/50). The CT scans during the follow-up period showed a nonunion of the bony fragment in 13.5% of cases (5/37). The reconstructed size of the glenoid was <80% in 3 of the 4 failure cases but >80% in all of the successful cases. Conclusion: Arthroscopic reduction and fixation of a bony Bankart lesion can achieve good results in selected cases. The size of the reconstructed glenoid is crucial to the success of the surgery.

Arthroscopic Versus Open Latarjet in the Treatment of Recurrent Anterior Shoulder Dislocation With Marked Glenoid Bone Loss: A Prospective Comparative Study: Response:

Background:Very few studies have compared open Latarjet versus arthroscopic Latarjet procedures.Purpose:To compare the clinical and computed tomographic outcomes between open and arthroscopic Latar...

Hemiarthroplasty for the treatment of complex proximal humeral fractures: does a trabecular metal prosthesis make a difference? A prospective, comparative study with a minimum 3-year follow-up

BACKGROUND Proper positioning and healing of the greater tuberosity are key for functional shoulder recovery after hemiarthroplasty for complex proximal humeral fractures. The purpose of this study was to compare the outcomes after hemiarthroplasty between a trabecular metal prosthesis and a conventional prosthesis in the treatment of complex proximal humeral fractures. METHODS A prospective, comparative study was performed. We compared a trabecular metal shoulder prosthesis for the treatment of complex proximal humeral fractures in a cohort of 35 consecutive patients (TM group) with a conventional prosthesis in a cohort of 38 consecutive patients (conventional group). All the patients, with a mean age of 63.9 years, were prospectively followed-up for a mean time of 4.6 years (range, 3-6 years) after surgery. RESULTS At the last follow-up, radiographic complication rates related to the greater tuberosity were lower in the TM group (6.1%) than in the conventional group (25.7%) (P = .028). The mean functional shoulder scores, as well as mean active forward elevation and external rotation, were better in the TM group than in the conventional group. CONCLUSIONS Radiographic complication rates related to the greater tuberosity were significantly lower in the TM group than in the conventional group. The functional shoulder scores and active forward elevation and external rotation were all better in the TM group than in the conventional group. These findings could imply better healing potential of the greater tuberosity after hemiarthroplasty with a trabecular metal prosthesis to treat complex proximal humeral fractures.

Is radiofrequency treatment effective for shoulder impingement syndrome? A prospective randomized controlled study

BACKGROUND To determine whether radiofrequency based plasma microtenotomy has a positive effective in the treatment of shoulder impingement syndrome with cuff tendinosis. MATERIALS AND METHODS Eighty patients with impingement syndrome and cuff tendinosis that were treated arthroscopically were enrolled in the study. The patients were randomly assigned to receive either arthroscopic subacromial decompression (ASD) alone (ASD group, n = 40) or arthroscopic subacromial decompression combined with radiofrequency (RF) based plasma microtenotomy (RF group, n = 40). Clinical outcome data including VAS pain score, shoulder range of motion (ROM), ASES, UCLA, Constant-Murley, and SST score were recorded preoperatively and at 3 weeks, 6 weeks, 3 months, 6 months, and 1 year postoperatively. RESULTS Sixty-five out of eighty patients (81.3%) were available for the final follow-up at 1 year postoperation. There were 32 patients in the ASD group and 33 in the RF group. Both treatment groups showed significantly (P = .031 in the ASD group vs P = .017 in the RF group) reduced pain 3 weeks postoperatively. Both treatment groups showed significantly improved functional scores 3 months postoperatively. Both treatment groups showed significantly improved flexion elevation (FE) and external rotation (ER) 1 year postoperatively and internal rotation (IR) 6 months postoperatively. No significant difference between the 2 groups was found in any of the outcome measurements at any time point postoperatively. CONCLUSION Arthroscopic subacromial decompression is a reliable treatment for refractory impingement syndrome. The additional radiofrequency based plasma microtenotomy did not show any significant positive effects regarding pain relief, ROM, or functional recovery.