Cihat Yildiz

Physico‐mechanical seed properties of the common Turkish bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) cultivars ‘Hinis’ and ‘Ispir’

Abstract The objective of this study was to determine the geometrical, gravimetrical, frictional, aerodynamic, colour, and mechanical properties of two common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) cultivars ‘Hinis’ and Tspir’, which dominate bean production in Erzurum, Turkey. The average length, width, thickness, geometric mean diameter, sphericity, and projected area were found to be: 11.76 and 12.29 mm, 8.85 and 9.10 mm, 7.66 and 7.99 mm, 78.90 and 78.45%, and 92.02 and 99.37 mm2 for ‘Hinis’ and ‘Ispir’, respectively. The average 1000 seed weight, bulk density, and porosity were determined as: 531.3 and 598.9 g, 835.8 and 872.7 kg m−3, and 34.0% and 33.1% for ‘Hinis’ and ‘Ispir’, respectively. The average angle of repose and terminal velocity were 24.52° and 19.46°, and 11.42 and 11.80 m s−1 in ‘Hinis’ and ‘Ispir’ respectively. The highest coefficient of dynamic friction was obtained with an aluminium surface in both cultivars as 0.227 for ‘Hinis’ and 0.199 for ‘Ispir’. This was followed by fibreglass, steel, plywood, and glass surfaces. Both cultivars had white testae. The average value of rupture force, deformation at rupture point, energy absorbed, hardness, and toughness along the X‐direction were found to be: 145.9 and 118.4 N, 0.85 and 0.90 mm, 63.8 and 54.0 N mm, 171.0 and 132.5 N mm−1, and 0.15 and 0.12 mJ cm−3 for ‘Hinis’ and ‘Ispir’, respectively.

Erzurum Yöresinde Bitkisel Üretim Yapan İşletmelerde Ortak Makina Kullanım Olanaklarının Araştırılması / A Study on the Possibilities of Multi-Farm Use of Machinery in the Farms of Plant Production in Erzurum

Ozet: Erzurum yoresinde bitkisel uretim yapan isletmelerde ortak makina kullanim olanaklarinin arastirildigi bu calismada; Pasinler ilcesinde tabakali sans orneklemesi yontemiyle secilen 227 isletmede anket uygulamasi yapilmistir. Isletmelerin arazi varligi, bitkisel uretim deseni, traktor, tarim alet ve makina varliklari ile mekanizasyon duzeyleri belirlenmistir. Isletme sahiplerinin bitkisel uretimde ihtiyac duyduklari alet ve makinalari nerelerden ve nasil temin ettikleri, makina temininde yasanan sikintilar ve ortak makina kullanimindan beklentiler tespit edilmistir. Bu tespitler dogrultusunda yore insanin endiselerini ortadan kaldiracak, beklentilerini karsilayacak bir ortak makina kullanim organizasyonun genel prensipleri ortaya konmaya calisilmistir. Anahtar Kelimeler: Ortak makina kullanimi, tarimsal mekanizasyon, mekanizasyon duzeyi A Study on the Possibilities of Multi-Farm Use of Machinery in the Farms of Plant Production in Erzurum Abstract: In this study the possibilities of multi-farm use of machinery in plant production farms in Erzurum were investigated. 227 farms were selected using rank random sampling method. Land area, plant production pattern, number of tractor, agricultural implements and machines and mechanization level in the area were determined. The places from where the farmers provide their machines and the methods with which they get their machines were determined. Difficulties in providing machines and expectations in multi-farm use of machinery were determined. The general principles of multi-farm use of machinery organization meeting the needs and expectations and minimizing difficulties of local farmers were explained. Key Words: Multi-farm use of machinery, agricultural mechanization, mechanization level