Clair E. Cox

STUDIES OF THE BLADDER DEFENSE MECHANISM. II. POSTOPERATIVE CYSTITIS IN THE ELDERLY

Chronic postoperative cystitis in the elderly patient is a difficult problem, and is especially annoying if all obvious anatomic abnormalities have been corrected. This study of 20 such patients who underwent bladder surgery indicates that several local resistance factors may be related to this continued urinary infection. In elderly postoperative patients with chronic cystitis the bladder defense mechanisms have reached such a state of imbalance that they cannot cope with the invading organisms either by the mechanism of voiding or by vesical‐wall defense factors. The relative importance of the various cellular and serologic local defense mechanisms in resisting bacteria in bladder urine and the bladder mucus layer, mucosa or submucosa is not known.

Experimental pyelonephritis in dogs Result of urinary infection and vesicoureteral reflux

Abstract An experimental model of chronic pyelonephritis was produced in dogs due to the effect of urinary infection and reflux. The persistent urinary infection was spontaneous in our epiziotomized dogs, since induced bladder infection by inoculation of Escherichia coli failed to become persistent in 8 of the 10 dogs. After an average of 36.4 weeks of infection and refux, only the histopathologic evidence of chronic pyelonephritis was present.