Clarisse Pereira Mosmann

Qualidade conjugal: mapeando conceitos

Despite the wide use of marital quality concept, it is identified a lack of variables conceptual clarity. This article presents an area literature review with the objective of mapping out the conjugal concept. Seven theories about this subject were analysed: Social Exchange Theory, Behaviourist Theory, Attachment Theory, Crisis Theory, Simbolic Interactionism Theory, Family Systems Theory, Adaptation of Vulnerability to Stress Model. It is possible to identify three groups of variables in the definition of conjugal quality: spouses personal resources, context in which the couple is inserted, adapting processes. Hence, conjugal quality is the result of couple dynamic and interactive process, consequence of a multidimensional character.

A comunicação em famílias com filhos adolescentes

Adolescence is regarded as a period in which difficulties in family communication and an increase in confrontations between parents and children take place. We set out to understand how adolescents evaluate the frequency and quality of the communication they establish with their parents and siblings. 295 youngsters were investigated, 141 males and 154 females, ages ranging between 11 and 16 years old. A questionnaire was administered, with simple choice closed questions which aimed to evaluate the communication of the adolescent with differents members of the family. Results point at the mother as the most sought out person for conversation (49,8%), followed by the eldest sibling (17,6%) and then the father (12,2%) and the youngest sibling (2,4%). Data reflect a family structure in which the mother appears as the main responsible for care and mediation of the familiar relationships, whereas the father occupies a more peripheral place. The adolescents report a good level of communication at home and 96% of them evaluate family communication as very important.

The Relationship Between Family-of-Origin and Marital Adjustment for Couples in Brazil

ABSTRACT The experiences in the family of origin, especially the relationship with the parents during childhood, are normally taken as the basis of relationships to be experienced in adult life. In order to analyze which experiences with the family of origin might be associated with better or worse levels of quality in marital adjustment, a sample of 542 participants resident in Porto Alegre, State of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, all of average socioeconomic level, was investigated. Of the total, 78.5% of the participants were officially married and 21.5% lived in a stable union. The mean time of marital union was 17.58 years. The instruments used were the Family Background Questionnaire (FBQ; Melchert, 1998a, 1998b) and the Golombok Rust Inventory of Marital State (GRIMS; Rust, Bennun, Crowe, & Golombok, 1988). Results show that there is an association between the type of experience that the participants lived in their families of origin and the quality of their marital relationship. However, those childhood and teenage experiences accounted for only 10.8% of the quality of the marital relationship. These findings suggest that there may be a relationship between the legacies that people bring from their families of origin and their later marital adjustment; however, lived experiences and environments also represent opportunities to administer the past and to redefine choices.

O perfil de casais que vivenciam divórcios consensuais e litigiosos: uma análise das demandas judiciais

Resumo Este estudo objetivou identificar os motivos, circunstâncias e desdobramentos das separacoes conjugais com base em registros em processos judiciais. Realizou-se uma analise documental de 152 separacoes conjugais arquivadas de 1992 a 2006, no Forum de uma cidade do interior do RS. Fez-se uma analise descritiva e discriminante dos dados. Os motivos mais citados referem-se ao conflito conjugal em seus diferentes matizes e intensidades. Quanto ao desfecho, constatou-se que 46,7% dos processos foram consensuais, 30,9% litigiosos e em 22,4% houve abandono da acao ou reconciliacao. O perfil dos casais discrimina-se prioritariamente pelo nivel socioeconomico no que diz respeito aos processos consensuais ou litigiosos. Separacoes consensuais sao mais comuns em niveis socioeconomicos baixos e litigiosas em altos. Os dados indicam que o divorcio pode ser considerado uma crise vital contemporânea e demanda dos profissionais maior complexidade nas suas intervencoes tanto de ordem juridica como psicologica no fenomeno. Palavras-chave: Divorcio; Estado civil; Status socioeconomico; Relacoes familiares. The profile of couples who experience consensual divorces and litigation: an analysis of lawsuits

Conflito conjugal e estratégias de resolução: uma revisão sistemática da literatura

Marital confl icts and resolution strategies are studied in the literature for over two decades. Accordingly, the purpose of this article was to analyze the national and international literature on marital confl ict and resolution strategies employed by the spouses. This is a qualitative systematic review of the period between 2004/2013. The study was conducted in nine databases through descriptors marital confl ict AND marriage and problem resolution AND marriage subjected to content analysis procedures. In the fi rst step, 567 articles were selected. 30 of these are part of this systematic review compose since they obey the operational exclusion and inclusion criteria defi ned a priori. The studies point out that research

Coparentalidade em genitores de bebês com indicativos de dificuldades de inserção escolar

This study aimed to analyze the co-parenting in parents of babies aged between three and eight months, indicative of insertion difficulties in school for early childhood education. We conducted an exploratory and descriptive study with qualitative data analysis method. Four pairs of parents, aged 26 and 40, whose babies entered school for early childhood education right after the end of maternity leave, answered a sociodemographic questionnaire and a semi-structured interview. The results show characteristic of modern reflections at this point, as the difficulties of families to rely on a network of support and appreciation of the needs or interests of mothers to help the family income, justifying the early entry of babies at school. As for co-parenting, stands out among the parents an effective division of labor and the care sharing with their children, but the school inclusion process are still mothers major participants, which shows a heterogeneity in these processes.Se tuvo por objetivo analizar la relacion parental en genitores de bebitos de edad entre tres y ocho meses, con indicativos de dificultades de insercion en escuela de Educacion Infantil. Se realizo un estudio exploratorio y descriptivo, con metodo de analisis de datos cualitativo. Cuatro parejas de genitores, con edades entre 26 y 40 anos, cuyos bebitos ingresaron en la escuela de Educacion Infantil luego tras el termino de la licencia-maternidad, respondieron a un cuestionario de datos sociodemograficos ya una entrevista semiestructurada. Los resultados apuntan reflejos de caracteristicas de la actualidad en este momento, como las dificultades de las familias en contar con una red de apoyo y la valoracion de las necesidades o intereses de las madres en ayudar en la renta familiar, que justifican el ingreso precoz de los bebitos en la escuela. Cuanto a la relacion parental, se destaca entre los genitores una division efectiva de tareas y el compartimiento de cuidados con los hijos, pero en el proceso de insercion escolar aun son las madres las principales participantes, lo que ensena una heterogeneidad en esos procesos.

Discriminant Profile of Young Internet Dependents: The Role of Family Relationships

Estudos internacionais tem apontado repercussoes das relacoes familiares na dependencia de internet em jovens. Esta pesquisa buscou tracar um perfil discriminante de jovens classificados como dependentes e nao dependentes de internet em relacao as variaveis sociobiodemograficas, praticas educativas parentais, conflito pais-filho e conflito interparental. A amostra foi constituida por 200 jovens, com idades de 15 a 24 anos, 85,5% residentes no Rio Grande do Sul e 14,5% em outros estados brasileiros. Os participantes responderam individualmente ao protocolo disponivel on-line. Os resultados mostraram que o conflito interparental, o conflito pais-filhos e a pratica educativa de supervisao de comportamento paterno discriminam os dependentes de internet. A pratica educativa de apoio emocional materno foi a unica variavel discriminante para os nao dependentes. Esses achados do contexto nacional corroboram estudos internacionais e reforcam a importância da inclusao da familia nas acoes de promocao e prevencao a saude mental dos jovens.

Children with clinical psychological symptoms: the discriminant role of conjugality, coparenting and parenting

Studies indicate that the mental health of children suffer positive and negative reverberations not only from the parent-child relationship, but also from marital and coparenting aspects. However, the nature and magnitude of these associations, when considered together, are not yet suffi ciently understood, especially in the national context. This study aims to investigate in children and adolescents with and without clinical psychological symptoms, the discriminant role of the variables of their parent’s marital, parental and coparental relations. The sample consists of 200 participants, with children 4-18 years old in a steady relationship and cohabiting with the offspring. Through discriminating statistical analysis the variables coparental competition, intrusiveness of parenting, child exposure to coparenting confl ict, and marital confl ict were identifi ed as discriminant of children with clinical symptoms. The results indicate that the coparental subsystem prevails in this relationship, however the three dimensions analyzed interact interdependently in the psychological adjustment of children.

Terapia de casal e estratégias de resolução de conflito : uma revisão sistemática

O objetivo deste estudo foi realizar uma revisao sistematica de artigos cientificos sobre psicoterapia de casal e estrategias de resolucao de conflito e identificar variaveis envolvidas no processo terapeutico. Foram consultadas oito bases de dados: Academic Search Complete, Biblioteca Cochrane, Ibecs, Lilacs, Medline, PsycINFO, SciELO e Web of Science, no periodo de 2006 a 2015. Foram encontrados 238 artigos, sendo incluidos 13 estudos apos a avaliacao de tres juizes independentes. As abordagens comportamental e cognitivo-comportamental se destacaram em relacao a sistemica e a psicodinâmica. Observou-se consenso sobre o papel da comunicacao, da empatia, do perdao, do apoio mutuo e da confianca para a resolucao dos conflitos conjugais. Por outro lado, ha falta de homogeneidade e de clareza na utilizacao de conceitos e tecnicas. A analise da literatura forneceu um panorama internacional, composto por perspectivas de consenso ja estabelecidos, inconsistencias que devem ser superadas e carencia de estudos, especialmente no Brasil, contexto potencial de investigacao da tematica.

Subsistema coparental: Revisão sistemática de estudos empíricos

Estudos sobre coparentalidade sao recentes no Brasil, embora a literatura cientifica investigue o construto ha mais de quatro decadas e confirme sua relevância a pesquisa e a clinica psicologica. Objetivou-se analisar as caracteristicas metodologicas, os objetivos e os resultados de estudos empiricos sobre coparentalidade. Trata-se de uma revisao sistematica de artigos cientificos no periodo 2007-2016 no Portal BVS e nas bases PsycINFO e Web of Science por meio dos termos coparentalidade e alianca parental. Com base nos criterios de inclusao, 29 artigos foram selecionados para analise. Verifica-se que as pesquisas investigam a coparentalidade por meio de pesquisa quantitativa, longitudinal e explicativa. Apontam a multiplicidade de perspectivas de investigacao da coparentalidade que pode estar associada aos questionamentos que ainda buscam ser respondidos e refletir as diferentes formas de compreender os processos familiares e as repercussoes no individuo e no casal. Sao discutidos resultados relevantes aos profissionais da clinica e aos pesquisadores.