Claudia Renata dos Santos Barros

Fatores associados às infecções sexualmente transmissíveis: inquérito populacional no município de São Paulo, Brasil

We determined the prevalence of sexually transmitted infections (STIs), the factors associated with infection and types of counseling received by men and women from health professionals in the City of São Paulo. The investigation consisted of a cross-sectional study conducted with men and women aged between 15 and 64 years living in the City of São Paulo. Of 4,057 individuals who had engaged in sexual activity, 6.3% reported previous history of a STI: 4.3% of women and 8.2% of men. The factors associated with STI were being aged over 34 years and not using a condom during first sexual intercourse, among men, and being aged over 25 years among women. Protective factors included not having had sexual intercourse with someone from the same sex, among men, and having initiated sexual activity after the age of 15 years and not having a casual sex partner over the last 12 months, among women. Counseling about the importance of HIV and syphilis testing was received by 72.1% and 64.7% of women, respectively, while fewer than half of the men received this type of counseling (40.2% and 38.6 %, respectively). The prevalence of previous history of a STI was high among the population of the City of São Paulo. The findings of this study informed the development, implementation, and evaluation of STI policies, including those directed at HIV, leading to a reduction in the barriers that hinder access to and use of condoms and the creation of STI prevention app.Resumo Descrevemos a frequencia de infeccoes sexualmente transmissiveis (IST), os fatores associados e as orientacoes recebidas dos profissionais de saude entre homens e mulheres no municipio de Sao Paulo. Estudo de corte transversal, com inquerito populacional, com individuos de 15 a 64 anos residentes em Sao Paulo. De 4057 individuos que iniciaram a vida sexual, 6,3% relataram IST durante a vida, 4,3% das mulheres e 8,2% dos homens. As IST mostraram associacao, entre os homens, com: idade > 34 anos, nao uso de preservativo na primeira relacao sexual; e entre as mulheres idade > 25 anos. Mostraram-se fatores de protecao, entre os homens: nao ter tido relacoes sexuais com pessoa do mesmo sexo; e entre as mulheres: inicio sexual > 15 anos de idade e nao ter tido parceria casual no ultimo ano. Quanto as orientacoes, 72,1% e 64,7% das mulheres as receberam sobre a importância de realizar testes para HIV e sifilis, respectivamente, enquanto foram ofertadas para menos da metade dos homens (40,2% e 38,6%). A elevada proporcao de antecedentes de IST entre a populacao do municipio e os resultados deste estudo possibilitaram a construcao, implementacao e avaliacao de politicas publicas de saude para o enfrentamento das IST incluindo o HIV, com diminuicao de barreiras de acesso aos preservativos e criacao de um app para prevencao.

P3.60 Factors associated to protected sex in youths

Introduction The study aimed to identify the factors associated with condom use during the last sexual intercourse. Methods A population-based survey with youths aged 15–24, in São Paulo. The participants answered a questionnaire including knowledge and sexual behavioural data. Results for 821 men and women the condom use during the last sexual intercourse was associated with: never having been married [adjusted prevalence ratio (PRadj): 1.54 among men; 1.26 among women], having used a condom in the sexual onset (PRadj:1.23 among men; 1.54 among women), receiving condoms free of charge (PRadj:1.39 among men; 1.37 among women); besides, among men: casual sexual partner in the previous year (PRadj:1.24) and same-sex sexual partner (PRadj:1.23); among women with the sexual onset after 15yo (PRadj:1.25). HIV-testing has displayed a negative association for women (PRadj: 0.72). Conclusion The condom is widely known, there is a pattern of it use during the first and last sexual intercourse; free condoms are important to improve it use by the youths, and people use condom as a risk management strategy. Condom as prevention strategy is still useful. After these results, the strategy of prevention was adopted as a public policy in the city of Sao Paulo: large condom dispensers were allocated in the 28 urban bus terminals, where 6 million people pass around daily and by the end of 2016, 80 million free condoms will be distributed.

Revista de Saúde Pública in scientific publications on Violence and Health (1967-2015)

ABSTRACT This article retrieved the publications from the Revista de Saúde Pública journal (from 1967 to 2015) on violence and health, on the SciELO and PubMed bases, by searching for the terms “violence”, “suicide”, “aggression”, “bullying”, and “external causes”, registered in any part of the text. We found 130 articles (the first one published in 1974). We observed: increase of publications over time, with decrease in the last five years; similar production volume in lethal and non-lethal violence; later publication of the latter; few studies in qualitative research; mostly descriptive production; and visualization of the problem more by the acts than by contexts or motivations and aggressors. Social markers were little approached, appearing, from largest to smallest frequency, social class, gender, race/ethnicity, and generation. Human rights were little used and only recently used as analytical framework, connected more to gender than to social class. Although Revista de Saúde Pública has registered the theme in its publications, consolidating it as scientific production line, there is still great explanatory theoretical rarefaction and little intersectionality between violence, social inequalities, and human rights.

Contato pele a pele ao nascer: um desafio para a promoção do aleitamento materno em maternidade pública no Nordeste brasileiro com o título de Hospital Amigo da Criança

OBJECTIVE to identify prevalence of compliance with the fourth step of the Baby-Friendly Hospital Initiative - to put the babies in skin-to-skin contact with their mothers immediately after birth for at least half an hour - in a public hospital in Northeast Brazil. METHODS this was a cross-sectional study using data from interviews with mothers who had recently given birth during a typical week in 2014. RESULTS 107 mothers were interviewed; 9.3% had completed the fourth step properly; the fourth step was negatively associated to cesarean section (p<0.01), and adequacy was not associated with receiving guidance on breastfeeding during the prenatal period or with breastfeeding in the first hour of life. CONCLUSION low compliance with the fourth step is cause for concern, especially because this is a Baby-Friendly Hospital; cesarean section was detrimental to infant skin-to-skin contact with their mothers immediately after birth.OBJECTIVE: to identify prevalence of compliance with the fourth step of the Baby-Friendly Hospital Initiative - to put the babies in skin-to-skin contact with their mothers immediately after birth for at least half an hour - in a public hospital in Northeast Brazil. METHODS: this was a cross-sectional study using data from interviews with mothers who had recently given birth during a typical week in 2014. RESULTS: 107 mothers were interviewed; 9.3% had completed the fourth step properly; the fourth step was negatively associated to cesarean section (p<0.01), and adequacy was not associated with receiving guidance on breastfeeding during the prenatal period or with breastfeeding in the first hour of life. CONCLUSION: low compliance with the fourth step is cause for concern, especially because this is a Baby-Friendly Hospital; cesarean section was detrimental to infant skin-to-skin contact with their mothers immediately after birth.