Clinton Fernandes

Vulnerability analysis of iPhone 6

Apple claims that iPhone 6, which is equipped with iOS 8.0 and later version, is secure enough to prevent a users private data from law enforcement or malicious intruders. In pre-iOS 8.0 operating systems, a users data were only encrypted by hardware-based keys, which can be obtained by Apple. But in iOS 8.0 and later version, the private data on the iPhone are protected by a secret key that is protected by the users passcode, which the Apple does not hold. In this paper, supported by real-life experiments, we demonstrate that several vulnerabilities of iPhone 6 with iOS 8, which are brought by ordinary user operations, can lead to the leakage of the private data. Then we conduct vulnerability analysis and give the reasons that cause these vulnerabilities from a technical perspective. Meanwhile, experiments of forging attack aiming at iPhone 6 Touch ID are conducted.

East Timor and the Struggle for Independence

The nation of East Timor occupies the Eastern half of the island of Timor as well as the enclave of Oecussi-Ambeno (located in West Timor) and the small islands of Atauro and Jaco. At just under 15,000 square kilometers, it is about the size of Northern Ireland or the state of Connecticut in the United States. It was invaded by Indonesia in 1975 and was occupied until 1999. This chapter provides an overview of the twenty-four-year conflict between East Timor and Indonesia. It begins by examining the historical background of the conflict, showing how Portugal’s colonial presence in the area influenced the political situation prior to the Indonesian invasion. It then describes the internal political conflict during the process of decolonization from Portugal, when Indonesia manipulated the situation through covert operations with the aim of eventual annexation. It shows how Indonesia stepped up its military incursions, captured several towns in the border regions, and then invaded the territory. It then examines the twenty-four-year occupation of East Timor by Indonesia and East Timor’s struggle for independence.