Cristiane Alves Paz de Carvalho

Obesity and periodontitis: systematic review and meta-analysis

The scope of this study was to conduct a systematic review of the studies on the association between obesity and periodontitis. The methods applied included a literature search strategy and selection of studies using inclusion and exclusion in accordance with the criteria for characteristics of the studies and meta-analysis. The research was conducted in the PubMed, Embase and Lilacs databases through 2010. Selected papers were on studies on humans investigating whether or not obesity is a risk factor for periodontitis. Of the 822 studies identified, 31 studies met the inclusion criteria and were included in this meta-analysis. The risk of periodontitis was associated with obesity (or had a tendency for this) in 25 studies, though it was not associated in 6 studies. The meta-analysis showed a significant association with obesity and periodontitis (OR = 1.30 [95% Confidence Interval (CI), 1.25 - 1.35]) and with mean Body Mass Index (BMI) and periodontal disease (mean difference = 2.75). Obesity was associated with periodontitis, however the risk factors that aggravate these diseases should be better clarified to elucidate the direction of this association. Working with paired samples and avoiding confusion factors may contribute to homogeneity between the studies.

Polarização da cárie dentária em adolescentes, na região sudoeste do Estado de São Paulo, Brasil

In most Brazilian cities, oral health is still a challenge for the Brazilian Health System (SUS). The aim of this study was to analyze the prevalence of dental caries (DMFT index), the differences with regard to gender and geographic localization, Significant Caries Index and the percentages of caries-free adolescents in Itai-SP - Brazil, in 2006. The methodology used was in agreement with the criteria established by the WHO. The sample was composed of 178 teen-agers, corresponding to 46% of the 12-years-old registered in the schools of the city. One single examiner performed the examination. The Kappa test method was used with an agreement rater of 0.95. The DMTF index was of 2.45, SiC of 5.08 and 30% of the adolescents were caries-free. It was observed that 70% of caries cases were concentrated in 34% of the adolescents. The data obtained showed a polarization of dental caries in 12-years-old adolescents, but this polarization was not uniform. The problems are concentrated in a small portion of the population.

An epidemiological scoring system for tooth wear and dental erosive wear

BACKGROUND The prevalence and severity of tooth wear and dental erosion is rising in children and there is no consensus about an index to be employed. AIM To assess the reliability of an epidemiological scoring system dental wear index (DWI) to measure tooth wear and dental erosive wear. DESIGN An epidemiological cross-sectional survey was conducted to evaluate and compare tooth wear and dental erosion using the dental wear index and erosion wear index (EWI). The study was conducted with randomised samples of 2,371 children aged between 4 years and 12 years selected from the State of São Paulo, Brazil. Records were used for calculating tooth wear and dental erosion; the incisal edge and canine cusp were excluded. RESULTS As the schoolchildrens ages increased the severity of primary tooth wear increased in canines (P = 0.0001, OR = 0.34) and molars (P = 0.0001, OR = 2.47) and erosion wear increased in incisal/occlusal (P = 0.0001, OR = 5.18) and molars (P = 0.0001, OR = 2.47). There was an increased prevalence of wear in the permanent teeth of older schoolchildren, particularly on the incisal/occlusal surfaces (P = 0.0001, OR = 7.03). CONCLUSION The prevalence of tooth wear and dental erosion increased as age increased in children. The epidemiological scoring system Dental Wear Index is able to measure both tooth wear and dental erosive wear. This index should be used to monitor the progression of non-carious lesions and to evaluate the levels of disease in the population.

Epidemiology of malocclusion in children and adolescents: a critic review

OBJECTIVES: The aim of this literature review about malocclusion was to identify epidemiologic instruments which are being used in Public Health, as well as to bring information regarding the occlusal alterations more prevalent in children and adolescents.METHODS: Information presented in previous studies was reviewed, in articles published in period 1997-2007, considering the production registered in the following databases: Latin American and Caribbean Health Sciences, Scientific Electronic Library Online, International Database for Medical Literature and Brazilian Dentistry Bibliography.RESULTS: The total of 191 identified references, 170 had been eliminated after the implementation of the exclusion criteria and 21 articles met the proposed inclusion criteria and had served of base for this work. The use of different criteria made difficult the comparison of studies in literature and did not offer parameters that can guide the scientific evidences.CONCLUSION: The most used epidemiologic indices were Dental Aesthetic Index and Index of Orthodontic Treatment Need and it was observed predominance of open bite in the deciduous dentition and crowding in the mixed and permanent dentitions.

Recomendação e uso de produtos fluoretados por cirurgiões-dentistas de um município da Bahia, Brasil

Objetivos: Investigar os criterios para a recomendacao e utilizacao de produtos fluoretados por cirurgioes-dentistas de um municipio baiano. Material e metodo: Estudo descritivo, transversal, cuja populacao constituiu-se dos 128 cirurgioes-dentistas com inscricao ativa no municipio. A coleta de dados foi realizada por meio de um questionario semiestruturado, respondido pelo proprio participante. Os dados foram tabulados em planilha do Office Excel 2016® e foi realizada estatistica descritiva. Resultados: Cerca de 98,0% dos cirurgioes-dentistas estudaram os efeitos do fluor durante a graduacao e 67,8% afirmaram que seu efeito remineralizador ocorre em qualquer idade. Apesar do gel fluoretado ser o metodo de uso topico mais indicado pela maior parte dos profissionais (58,6%), quase 67,0% desconhecem a concentracao de fluor nesse produto. Aproximadamente 53,0% nao conhecem a concentracao otima de fluor nas aguas de abastecimento publico. Apenas 20,7% disseram que o dentifricio fluoretado deve ser usado por pessoas de qualquer idade, a maioria (95,4%) confirmou existir riscos na utilizacao de fluor e 92,0% consideraram que criancas ate os doze anos constituem grupo de risco para a fluorose dentaria. Conclusoes: A maior parte dos profissionais recomenda e utiliza os fluoretos considerando sua acao preventiva e terapeutica e o risco de carie dentaria. Observou-se desconhecimento ou duvida quanto as concentracoes ideais de fluoretos na agua, em solucoes e geis fluoretados. A maioria dos profissionais nao recomenda ou tem duvida para recomendar dentifricio fluoretado para criancas e quanto ao uso de fluor para individuos com fluorose. Descritores: Fluor; Fluorose Dentaria; Odontologos.

Desempenho dos Centros de Especialidades Odontológicas de uma Região de Saúde da Bahia

This study aimed to evaluate the performance goals compliance of Dental Care Specialities Centers (CEOs) from Jequie’s Health Region cities. The goals overall achievement was described and reflected on the services and cities characterization variables. Secondary data from the Outpatient Information System of the Unified Health System (SIA-SUS), National Registry of Health (CNES), Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE) and State Department of Health of Bahia (SESAB) were used. The performance of Jequie’s Health Region CEOs was considered not satisfactory for all establishments included, which did not meet any goal set by the Ministry of Health. Sociodemographic data and oral health teams’ coverage do not seem to influence the performance, although the time habilitation and the facilities structural and human resources conditions appear to be related to a better production. The low performance can be linked to service management issues.