Cristiano Hossel

Armazenamento de sementes de cerejas-do-mato (Eugenia involucrata) DC. submetidas ao recobrimento com biofilmes e embalagem a vácuo

Fruit trees such as Eugenia involucrata are still unexploited, therefore technical information that encourages farmers to use them is needed. The seed propagation method is usualy used since there is the risk of losing its viability with storage. The objective of this work was to evaluate the hydropriming and storage techniques (vacuum and biofilm), during storage at five and 30 days of E. involucrata seeds. The study was carried out at Universidade Tecnologica Federal do Parana - Dois Vizinhos campus, Parana State, Brazil. The experimental design was a randomized block, in the 2 × 4 × 2 factorial design (hydropriming x storage technique x storage time), with 4 replications of 50 seeds per plot. The extracted seeds were separated into two groups: one was submitted to pre- hydropriming in distilled water for 24 hours and the other not. Hydroprimed or not-hydroprimed seeds were submitted to four storage techniques: vacuum plastic packaging, cassava starch biofilm seed coated (3% w/v), vacuum plastic packaging + cassava starch biofilm and no treatment (control). Afterwards, the seeds were kept in a cold chamber at 5oC and 85% relative humidity for five and 30 days. One hundred and ten days after sowing, the germination percentage, emergence speed index and total dry matter mass of the plantlets were evaluated. For storage of E. involucrata seeds, the vacuum technique with or without biofilm coating should be used.

SELEÇÃO DE GENÓTIPOS DE PESSEGUEIRO QUANTO À CARACTERIZAÇÃO BIOQUÍMICA

The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of Saccharomyces cerevisiae (SC), Acibenzolar-S-Methyl (ASM), organic acids and polyphenols (OAP) and potassium silicate (SiK) on protecting grapevine plants (cv. Redglobe) from Xanthomonas campestris pv. viticola. Four application rates for each product (SC at 2.0, 2.50, 3.0, 3.50 and 4.0 mL 100 L-1; ASM and OAP at 2.50, 3.00, 3.50, 4.50 and 6.00 mL 100 L-1 and SiK at 5.00, 6.50, 7.50 and 8.50 mL 100 L-1) in different application times (0, 5, 10, and 15 days before inoculation), and the enzymatic activity of peroxidases, phenylalanine ammonia-lyase and ?-1,3 glucanases were evaluated. Plants were inoculated with a bacterial suspension of 5 x 108 CFU mL-1 by rubbing with gauze. The epidemiological variables incidence (INC), severity (SEV) and area under the disease progress curve (AUDPC) were assessed. The treatment with ASM had the lowest averages of INC (38%) and SEV (1.52%) from 3 g 100 L-1. The application of 4.5 mL 100 L-1 of OAP reduced the plant disease in 52% of INC and 2.45% of SEV. SiK and SC presented no significant reduction in these variables compared to control. The ASM applied 15 days before the inoculation (DBI) reduced the disease in 91.31% and the APO in 73.34%, while SC and SiK reduced the disease in 67.49 and 60.11%, respectively, with applications at 5 DBI. There was no increase of peroxidase activity in any of the treatments. There was a significant increase in activity of ?-1,3 glucanases and phenylalanine ammonia-lyase in plants treated with ASM at 15 DBI, indicating an influence on the induction of resistance of plants to this disease.ABSTRACT Peach is much appreciated by consumers and its popularity is mainly related with organoleptic characteristics. However, with emergence of concepts of functional foods (health promoters), there is high interest to study and to quantify the biochemical components of fruits. The aim of this work was to perform the biochemical characterization of peach genotypes, evaluating the genetic diversity and selecting those with desirable biochemical qualities for use as parents in future breeding programs. The experiment was carried out at the Laboratory of Plant Physiology UTFPR Campus of Dois Vizinhos, PR (Brazil), with fruits from 26 and 29 peach genotypes (Prunus persica) in the 2009/2010 and 2010/2011 crop years, respectively. The experimental design was entirely randomized, considering each genotype as treatment, using four replicates and four fruits per plot. Total and reducing sugars, total proteins, amino acids, total phenols, anthocyanins, flavonoids and phenylalanine ammonia-lyase enzyme activity (PAL) in fruits were evaluated. According to the results of two crop years, ‘Cascata 967’, ‘Conserva 985’, ‘Kampai’, ‘Tropic Snow’ and ‘Cascata 1055’ were selected as those with the highest levels of these compounds.O pessego e uma fruta muito apreciada, cuja popularidade e decorrente principalmente de seu sabor agradavel. Entretanto, com o surgimento dos conceitos de alimentos funcionais (com propriedades promotoras de saude), surgira interesse maior em estudar e quantificar os componentes bioquimicos das frutas. Os objetivos deste trabalho foram caracterizar bioquimicamente frutos de genotipos de pessegueiro, e selecionar aqueles com qualidades bioquimicas desejaveis para sua futura insercao como genitores em programas de melhoramento. O experimento foi conduzido no Laboratorio de Fisiologia Vegetal e Bioquimica da UTFPR - Campus Dois Vizinhos, com frutos de 26 e 29 genotipos de pessegueiro ( Prunus persica ), provenientes dos ciclos produtivos 2009/2010 e 2010/2011, respectivamente. O delineamento experimental foi inteiramente casualizado considerando-se cada genotipo como tratamento, utilizando-se quatro repeticoes de quatro frutos. Foram analisados os acucares totais e redutores, proteinas totais, aminoacidos, fenois totais, antocianinas, flavonoides e atividade da enzima fenilalanina amonia-liase (FAL) dos frutos. Os pessegos foram caracterizados bioquimicamente, selecionando-se como superiores, na media dos dois ciclos produtivos os genotipos ‘Cascata 967’, ‘Conserva 985’, ‘Kampai’, ‘Tropic Snow’, e ‘Cascata 1055’.

SELECTION OF PEACH GENOTYPES FOR BIOCHEMICAL FRUIT QUALITY CHARACTERIZATION

The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of Saccharomyces cerevisiae (SC), Acibenzolar-S-Methyl (ASM), organic acids and polyphenols (OAP) and potassium silicate (SiK) on protecting grapevine plants (cv. Redglobe) from Xanthomonas campestris pv. viticola. Four application rates for each product (SC at 2.0, 2.50, 3.0, 3.50 and 4.0 mL 100 L-1; ASM and OAP at 2.50, 3.00, 3.50, 4.50 and 6.00 mL 100 L-1 and SiK at 5.00, 6.50, 7.50 and 8.50 mL 100 L-1) in different application times (0, 5, 10, and 15 days before inoculation), and the enzymatic activity of peroxidases, phenylalanine ammonia-lyase and ?-1,3 glucanases were evaluated. Plants were inoculated with a bacterial suspension of 5 x 108 CFU mL-1 by rubbing with gauze. The epidemiological variables incidence (INC), severity (SEV) and area under the disease progress curve (AUDPC) were assessed. The treatment with ASM had the lowest averages of INC (38%) and SEV (1.52%) from 3 g 100 L-1. The application of 4.5 mL 100 L-1 of OAP reduced the plant disease in 52% of INC and 2.45% of SEV. SiK and SC presented no significant reduction in these variables compared to control. The ASM applied 15 days before the inoculation (DBI) reduced the disease in 91.31% and the APO in 73.34%, while SC and SiK reduced the disease in 67.49 and 60.11%, respectively, with applications at 5 DBI. There was no increase of peroxidase activity in any of the treatments. There was a significant increase in activity of ?-1,3 glucanases and phenylalanine ammonia-lyase in plants treated with ASM at 15 DBI, indicating an influence on the induction of resistance of plants to this disease.ABSTRACT Peach is much appreciated by consumers and its popularity is mainly related with organoleptic characteristics. However, with emergence of concepts of functional foods (health promoters), there is high interest to study and to quantify the biochemical components of fruits. The aim of this work was to perform the biochemical characterization of peach genotypes, evaluating the genetic diversity and selecting those with desirable biochemical qualities for use as parents in future breeding programs. The experiment was carried out at the Laboratory of Plant Physiology UTFPR Campus of Dois Vizinhos, PR (Brazil), with fruits from 26 and 29 peach genotypes (Prunus persica) in the 2009/2010 and 2010/2011 crop years, respectively. The experimental design was entirely randomized, considering each genotype as treatment, using four replicates and four fruits per plot. Total and reducing sugars, total proteins, amino acids, total phenols, anthocyanins, flavonoids and phenylalanine ammonia-lyase enzyme activity (PAL) in fruits were evaluated. According to the results of two crop years, ‘Cascata 967’, ‘Conserva 985’, ‘Kampai’, ‘Tropic Snow’ and ‘Cascata 1055’ were selected as those with the highest levels of these compounds.O pessego e uma fruta muito apreciada, cuja popularidade e decorrente principalmente de seu sabor agradavel. Entretanto, com o surgimento dos conceitos de alimentos funcionais (com propriedades promotoras de saude), surgira interesse maior em estudar e quantificar os componentes bioquimicos das frutas. Os objetivos deste trabalho foram caracterizar bioquimicamente frutos de genotipos de pessegueiro, e selecionar aqueles com qualidades bioquimicas desejaveis para sua futura insercao como genitores em programas de melhoramento. O experimento foi conduzido no Laboratorio de Fisiologia Vegetal e Bioquimica da UTFPR - Campus Dois Vizinhos, com frutos de 26 e 29 genotipos de pessegueiro ( Prunus persica ), provenientes dos ciclos produtivos 2009/2010 e 2010/2011, respectivamente. O delineamento experimental foi inteiramente casualizado considerando-se cada genotipo como tratamento, utilizando-se quatro repeticoes de quatro frutos. Foram analisados os acucares totais e redutores, proteinas totais, aminoacidos, fenois totais, antocianinas, flavonoides e atividade da enzima fenilalanina amonia-liase (FAL) dos frutos. Os pessegos foram caracterizados bioquimicamente, selecionando-se como superiores, na media dos dois ciclos produtivos os genotipos ‘Cascata 967’, ‘Conserva 985’, ‘Kampai’, ‘Tropic Snow’, e ‘Cascata 1055’.

‘Cerejeira da mata’ and ‘guabijuzeiro’ propagation by air layering

‘Guabijuzeiro’ and ‘cerejeira da mata’ are plant species from the Myrtaceae family, with many difficulties in asexual multiplication. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate ‘cerejeira da mata’ (Eugenia involucrata DC.) tree and ‘guabijuzeiro’ [Myrcianthes pungens (Berg) Legrand] tree propagation by air layering, using different IBA concentrations (0, 1000 , 2000 and 3000 mg L-1) and materials to wrap the substrate (transparent plastic, black plastic and transparent plastic + aluminum foil). The experimental design for both experiments was a randomized blocks, in a 3 x 4 factorial (wrapping material x IBA concentration), with three repetitions of five air layering each. After 180 days, the percentage of rooting, length and number of roots were evaluated. Sixty days after rooting the percentage of survival plants were evaluated. The air layering technique was not efficient in the ‘guabijuzeiro’ propagation. This technique could be used in ‘cerejeira da mata’ plants without the IBA application and using transparent plastic, but with low performance.

Viabilidade de sementes de guabijuzeiro em armazenamento

The objective of this study was to evaluate the physiological quality of guabiju fruit tree seeds during 12 months in two conditions. The study was carried out at the Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná Campus Dois Vizinhos, Paraná State, Brazil. The seeds were obtained of guabiju fruit tree (Myrcianthes pungens). In experiment 1, the completely randomized design with 3 replications and 50 seeds each. The seeds were dried at 25°C and remained at 0, 6, 12, 24, 48, 72, 96, 120, 144 and 168 hours. In experiment 2, the experimental design was a randomized block with factorial 2 x 12 (storage location x storage period), with three replications and 50 seeds each. The seeds were stored in two locations, being at room temperature and controlled temperature of 6°C. The storage periods were: 0, 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, 180, 210, 240, 270, 300 and 330 days. For both experiments, after each storage period, the seeds were sown in Tetrapak® boxes, using sand as substrate and placed in the greenhouse. At 100 days after sowing, emergence was evaluated (%) and IVE. He kept the moisture content of the seeds of guabijuzeiro above 80%, achieving keep answers 80% viability. In general, it visualizes the guabijuzeiro seeds can be stored for 180 days in low temperature condition and 60 days in natural state, without the total loss of viability and to obtain emergency results exceeding 50%.

Manejo da poda de raízes no transplantio de mudas de fruteiras nativas

In order to evaluate the effect of root pruning for transplanting Jabuticabeira, Wood cherry and Uvaia seedlings, it was realized the present study. The experiment was carried out at the Universidade Tecnologica Federal do Parana - Câmpus Dois Vizinhos, State of Parana, Brazil. The experimental design was completely randomized, in the factorial 3 x 4 (native fruit specie x root pruning percentage), with four replicates, using 10 plants by plot. The survival percentage, plant height (cm) and number of leaves were evaluated after 180 days, being for the last two characteristics considered only the difference of data between the transplanted day and the evaluation day. The root pruning in Jabuticabeira, Wood cherry and Uvaia tree influenced negatively the plant survival and growth, not being recommended its application.