Cristina Ferreira Nepomuceno

Propagação in vitro de Erythrina velutina

Erythrina velutina (mulungu) is a native plant of the semi-arid region that can be propagated via tissue culture, which may contribute to the rapid multiplication of this species, reducing the possibility environmental impacts. The objective of this study was to establish a protocol for micropropagation of mulungu using aseptic explants seedlings grown in vitro. For the induction of shoots, , nodal segments and cotyledons were used as explants hypocontyl and were inoculated in a WPM culture medium supplemented with different concentrations of BAP and NAA. The rooting of shoots was achieved in a WPM medium supplemented with 0.0; 2.46; 4.92; 9.88µM IBA. The best answer to the multiplication was obtained in medium supplemented with 17.76µM BAP using nodal segment or cotyledonary node explants. The shoots rooted in all conditions tested, including the culture medium without auxin.

Controle da abscisão foliar e morfogênese in vitro em culturas de Anadenanthera colubrina (Vell.) Brenan var. cebil (Griseb) Altschul

ABSTRACT – This work aimed to control leaf abscission of seedlings of angico using AgNO 3 and CoCl 2 andevaluate the effect of the paclobutrazol on the in vitro behavior of seedlings. The seeds were disinfected andinoculated in Petri plates containing germtest paper, previously sterilized and imbibed in sterile water. Theplates were kept in the dark for two days, until seed germination. Seeds were transferred to test tubes containingWPM medium. In the first experiment, the culture medium was supplemented with different concentrationsof (0.0; 5.0; 10.0; 20.0; 40.0 µM) and types (AgNO 3 and CoCl 2 ) of ethylene inhibitors. In the second experiment,the medium was supplemented with different concentrations (1.7; 3.4; 6.8; 13.6 µM) of paclobutrazol. There Sociedade de Investigacoes Florestais CONTROLE DA ABSCISAO FOLIAR E MORFOGENESE IN VITRO EMCULTURAS DE Anadenanthera colubrina (Vell.) Brenan var. cebil (Griseb)Altschul 1 Cristina Ferreira Nepomuceno 2 , Ana Paula de Souza Rios 3 , Sandra Regina de Oliveira Domingos Queiroz

Respostas morfofisiológicas in vitro de plântulas de Anadenanthera colubrina (Vell.) Brenan var. cebil (Griseb) Altschul

This work aimed to evaluate the in vitro establishment of the species Anadenanthera colubrina var. cebil, throug the morphophysiological answers of the seedlings subjected to several culture conditions. The seeds were desinfested and inoculated in Petri plates containing germtest paper, previously sterilized and imbibed with sterile water. The plates were kept in the dark for two days, until the seeds germinated. Then, they were transferred to the test tube containing WPM medium. Three types of test tube closings were evaluated - PVC film, plastic lid without PVC film and cotton lid. In the second experiment, the culture medium was supplied with activated charcoal (0,0 and 82,2mM) and different sucrose concentrations (0,0; 29,21; 58,43; 87,64mM). After 30 days, highly significant effects of the types of closure were observed on all the variables analysed - aereal part length (APL), number of leaves (NL), number of pinnas (NP), dry matter of aereal part (DMAP), leaf abscission (LA), root length (RL), root dry matter (RDM) and number of secondary roots (NSR). The LA was reduced in 7,3 times when the cotton lid was used instead of the PVC film. The greatest values for APL (102,5 mm), NP (3,0), RL (194,7 mm) and NRS (47,88) were obtained with 29,21mM of sucrose. For DMAP (59,1 mg), when it used 58,43mM, and for RDM (33,37 mg), with 87,64mM of sucrose. The activated charcoal showed significant effects only for the variable SRN, presenting the greatest value (45,79) in the presence of this compound.

Germinação in vitro de Hyptis leucocephala Mart. ex Benth. e Hyptis platanifolia Mart. ex Benth.

The Hyptis leucocephala and Hyptis platanifolia (Lamiaceae) are aromatic species, endemic to the Brazilian Semiarid northeast, and they have great economic importance becaude of their pharmacological potential. This study aimed to obtain the protocol for the in vitro establishment of H. leucocephala and H. platanifolia plants. The WPM promoted higher germination percentage (96.81%) for H. leucocephala, but there was no difference between the results obtained in ½MS, in the last week of cultivation. For the germination of H. platanifolia, ½MS was the one that provided the highest percentage (40.83%). The type of sterilization did not affect the in vitro germination of both species. For the H. platanifolia species, when we closed the tubes with a cotton plug, hyperhydricity was eliminated, but the percentage of seed germination was the lowest one. Evaluating the type of culture medium on the in vitro growth of H. leucocephala, it did not influence the number of shoots, length of shoot or root dry matter. The MS medium promoted an increase of the number of leaves, dry shoot and longest root length, and the ½MS medium was more suitable for root induction. The optimal culture medium for the germination of H. leucocephala and H. platanifolia is ½MS, as it can be sterilized with sodium hypochlorite, while the MS was the best culture medium for the in vitro growth of H. leucocephala.

Resposta morfogênica de embriões zigóticos de Erythrina velutina Willd: (Leguminosae) cultivados in vitro

O cultivo in vitro de embrioes zigoticos e uma tecnica promissora para se avancar no estudo do desenvolvimento embrionario e da quebra da dormencia de sementes. Diante do exposto, objetivou-se, com este trabalho, avaliar o efeito dos reguladores vegetais 6-benzilaminopurina (BAP) e acido naftalenoacetico (ANA) no potencial morfogenetico, in vitro, de embrioes zigoticos de mulungu. Embrioes zigoticos maduros, oriundos de sementes foram utilizados inteiros, ou seccionados em plumula, regiao intermediaria e radicula, sendo posteriormente inoculados em meio de cultura WPM, suplementado com combinacoes de BAP (0,0; 2,0; 4,0; 8,0; 12,0 e 16,0 µM) e ANA (0,0; 1,0 e 2,0 µM), acrescido de 87,64 mM de sacarose e solidificado com 0,7% de agar. Apos 30 dias, avaliaram-se a percentagem de regeneracao dos embrioes e apice plumular, o numero de brotos, o numero de folhas, o comprimento da parte aerea dos brotos, o numero de raizes e a percentagem de formacao de calos oriundos da regiao intermediaria e da radicula. E possivel a regeneracao in vitro de mulungu, a partir dos explantes plumula e embrioes zigoticos inteiros, cultivados em meio de cultura WPM, suplementado com 4,0 µM de BAP. Regioes intermediarias e da radicula promoveram a formacao de calos compactos (96,06%), na combinacao de 10,63 µM BAP e 2,0 µM de ANA.

Multiplicação in vitro de Tapirira guianensis Aubl. (Anacardiaceae)

In vitro multiplication of Tapirira guianensis Aubl. (Anacardiaceae) Tapirira guianensis is of great medicinal, ecological and socio-economical importance occurring throughout the Brazilian territory. The objective of this study was to establish and determine the best conditions for the in vitro multiplication of T. guianensis. The explants nodal, cotyledonary and epicotyl segments from seedlings germinated in vitro were tested in diverse concentrations of 6-benzilaminopurine (BAP) and/or napthaleneacetic acid (NAA) in medium WPM. The following parameters were evaluated: the percentage of responsive explants, the number of shoots and buds, and the length of shoots and shoot dry mass at 30 and 60 days after inoculation. The cotyledonary segment, under these conditions, is the most suitable explant for the multiplication, with no induction of adventitious buds in epicotyl. The treatment with 1.0 mg L -1 BAP in the absence of NAA is the most responsive to the T. guianensis

Influence of flask sealing and activated charcoal on the morphogenesis and leaf anatomy of Annona glabra (Annonaceae) cultured in vitro

This study evaluated the effects of the type of tube closure and the use of activated charcoal in the morphogenesis and leaf anatomy of Annona glabra (Annonaceae). Nodal segments of A. glabra were inoculated in WPM medium supplemented with 30 g l-1 sucrose and five concentrations of activated charcoal (0, 1, 2, 3 and 4 g l-1). During in vitro culture, nodal segments were kept in test tubes closed in one of three ways: plastic cap sealed with PVC wrap, plastic cap without a PVC wrap and cotton plug. The results showed that the shoots obtained in tubes closed with a plastic cap without a PVC wrap or sealed with a cotton plug had increased growth compared to those obtained in tubes sealed with a plastic cap and a PVC wrap. The presence of activated charcoal caused a reduction of leaf abscission and influenced the anatomical development of the shoots in the tubes sealed with a cotton plug and sealed with a plastic cap without a PVC wrap. The highest means for leaf tissue thickness were obtained from the shoots kept in closed tubes with a plastic lid and a PVC wrap in the absence of activated charcoal.