Cristina Maria de Castro

Plantio direto, adubação verde e suplementação com esterco de aves na produção orgânica de berinjela.

No-tillage systems were evaluated within an eggplant (Solanum melongena) organic management in Seropedica, Rio de Janeiro State. Crotalaria juncea and Pennisetum glaucum cv. BRS 1501 were used as pre- plantings besides fallowing, in comparison to conventional system (plowing). Simultaneously, three cropping managements were tested: eggplant single-cropping, intercropping with C. juncea, and intercropping with cowpea (Vigna unguiculata cv. Maua). No differences were found among planting systems concerning eggplant yield. Crotalaria juncea was more effective than Pennisetum glaucum and fallow for soil mulch. Intercropping with leguminous species did not decrease eggplant yield. In a second study no-tillage (on C. juncea and spontaneous weeds mulchs) and conventional plowing were compared. These treatments were combined with increasing levels of poultry manure (0, 100, 200, and 400 kg ha -1 of N). In terms of biomass input, C. juncea was again superior to spontaneous weeds. Eggplant responded to organic fertilization with maximum productivity (50.6 t ha -1 ) corresponding to the highest manure level applied, compared to 36.9 t ha -1 for control plots.

Plantio direto de mamona 'IAC 80' com culturas alimentares

The objective of this study was to evaluate the performance of castor bean ‘IAC 80’ grown in double rows spaced at 4.0 x (1.0 x 1.0 m) in no-tillage in the white oat straw, intercropped with food crops. The cereal was used for grain production (1375 kg ha -1 ) and soil coverage (1593 kg ha -1 MS; cycling of 35 kg K ha -1 ). The associated cultivation was double seeded between the lines of castor beans (Ma): Ma + corn, beans + Ma, Ma + beans and maize corn Ma + pumpkin. The cv. IAC 80, though susceptible to gray mold, produced 1060 kg ha -1 grain; corn ears were harvested with 22.542 ha -1 (5.333 kg ha -1 ), meaning an input of 3.15 t ha -1 MS (39 kg N ha -1 , 58 kg K ha -1 ). Pumpkin and bean crops did not yield commercial crops. The system containing oats, castor beans, and corn yielded satisfactory and contributed to the production of bioenergy with food security and environmental conservation.

Allometric equations for the estimation of Jatropha curcas biomass.

This paper describes the estimation of biomass and carbon stock in Jatropha crops in the Vale do Paraiba region, Brazil, using allometric equations developed based on regression analysis which considered the biomass as a variable dependent on easily obtainable dendrometric measurements. The biomass estimated using allometric equations was validated by the destructive direct method based on the cutting of trees of different heights and structures. When compared with other models, the linear equation Y = 1.3 (h²d), where Y is the biomass (kg), h is the height (m), and d is the crown projection (m) showed reliable results and no significant errors to estimate trees up to 3.2 m tall. For the 4 × 3 m plant spacing, result evaluations showed that the stock of dry matter ranged from 0.5 to 6 Mg ha–1, while the carbon stored in the area could reach 3 Mg C ha–1.

Equações Alométricas para Estimativa de Fitomassa em Cultivo de Pinhão Manso / Allometric Equations for the Estimation of Jatropha Curcas Biomass

This paper describes the estimation of biomass and carbon stock in Jatropha crops in the Vale do Paraiba region, Brazil, using allometric equations developed based on regression analysis which considered the biomass as a variable dependent on easily obtainable dendrometric measurements. The biomass estimated using allometric equations was validated by the destructive direct method based on the cutting of trees of different heights and structures. When compared with other models, the linear equation Y = 1.3 (h²d), where Y is the biomass (kg), h is the height (m), and d is the crown projection (m) showed reliable results and no significant errors to estimate trees up to 3.2 m tall. For the 4 × 3 m plant spacing, result evaluations showed that the stock of dry matter ranged from 0.5 to 6 Mg ha–1, while the carbon stored in the area could reach 3 Mg C ha–1.

COMPETIÇÃO DE CLONES DE MANDIOCA DE MESA NO VALE DO PARAÍBA PAULISTA

Dezesseis clones avancados de mandioca de mesa, provenientes de diversoscruzamentos intervarietais realizados pela Secao de Raizes e Tuberculos do Instituto Agronomico(IAC), foram comparados no Vale do Paraiba paulista, entre os anos 2006 e 2008 no municipio dePindamonhangaba. Nos anos 2006-2007, o plantio foi realizado no espacamento 1,0 x 0,80 m e em2007-2008, no espacamento 1,0 x 1,0 m. A produtividade media dos clones foi comparavel a mediado estado de Sao Paulo, com destaque para IAC 06-01 e IAC 265-97, que apresentaram raizes decor amarela ouro, importante fonte de vitamina A. Apesar de mais produtivo, o clone IAC 16-00,dentre todos os genotipos, revelou elevado tempo de cozimento, devendo ser avaliado para outrosfins, como alimentacao animal ou a producao de farinha.

AVALIAÇÃO SENSORIAL DE RAÍZES DE MESA DURANTE O DIA DE CAMPO DE MANDIOCA

As raizescomerciais foram descascadas manualmente e fracionadas em toletes de 10 cm de comprimento,aproveitando-se apenas a metade da porcao central de cada raiz para avaliacao

AVALIAÇÕES PRELIMINARES DO PLANTIO DIRETO DE MANDIOCA IAC 576-70

A importância das pesquisas em sistemas conservacionistas de solo para o cultivo de mandioca noVale do Paraiba paulista se deve ao relevo ondulado associado as caracteristicas da planta.

COMPORTAMENTO DE CULTIVARES DE MANDIOCA DE MESA TRADICIONAIS

A antiga Estacao Experimental do Instituto Agronomico (IAC), atual Polo APTA Vale doParaiba, situada no municipio de Pindamonhangaba/SP a 560 m de altitude e considerada uma dasunidades de pesquisa da Agencia Paulista de Tecnologia dos Agronegocios que atua nomelhoramento genetico de mandioca de mesa nesse estado. Contribuiu desde a decada de 1930para o lancamento dos genotipos plantados ate os dias atuais. Com o intuito de resgatar essesmateriais e formar um banco de germoplasma para disponibilizar material propagativo para acontinuidade do melhoramento conduzido na Secao de Raizes e Tuberculos do IAC, alem de ofertarexcedentes de ramas para os produtores de culturas de quintal da regiao; foi realizado em jul./2008 oplantio de parcelas contendo 200 plantas