D.B. Chay

Clinical effects of the levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine device in patients with adenomyosis

OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to evaluate the long-term clinical effects of a levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine device (LNG-IUD) on adenomyosis. STUDY DESIGN A LNG-IUD was inserted into 47 patients who were diagnosed with adenomyosis. Uterine volume, uterine artery blood flow, pictorial blood loss assessment chart (PBAC) scores, and the degree of dysmenorrhea were evaluated before and 36 months after insertion of the LNG-IUD. RESULTS Pain scores and PBAC scores dropped dramatically in 6 months and showed significant decrease after 36 months. A significant decrease in mean uterine volume was noted 12 months (156.85 +/- 49.79 mL to 118.64 +/- 41.36 mL; P < .001) and 24 months (128.84 +/- 48.70 mL; P < .001) after LNG-IUD insertion, but no significant differences were noted at 36 months. The mean pulsatility indices of both uterine arteries increased significantly 12 months after insertion (P = .002 for right; P = .011 for left) and decreased after 24 months without significance. Uterine volume and uterine blood flow were negatively correlated (Pearsons correlation, P < .05). Significant increase of uterine volume, pain scores, and PBAC scores were noted at 36 months compared with 12 months after insertion (P = .034, .021, and .001, respectively). CONCLUSION For patients with clinical diagnosis of adenomyosis, the LNG-IUD is effective for the reduction of uterine volume with improvement of vascularity and relief of symptoms. However, the efficacy of LNG-IUD on uterine volume may begin to decrease 2 years after insertion.

Prevalence and Seroprevalence of Low-Risk Human Papillomavirus in Korean Women

Little is known about the prevalence and seroprevalence of low-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) and the risk factors for HPV infection in Korean women. We determined the prevalence of low-risk HPV among 902 women aged 20-59 yr and the seroprevalence of low-risk HPV subtypes 6 and 11 among 1,094 women aged 9-59 yr in the general population. Genital low-risk HPV DNA was assessed by liquid hybridization and polymerase chain reaction. Antibody titers against HPV 6 and 11 were measured by a multiplexed competitive luminex technique. The prevalence of genital low-risk HPV was 4.9%. It reached its highest peak of 10.3% at 20-29 yr of age and a second peak of 3.2% at 50-59 yr of age. The seroprevalence of HPV 6 or 11 was 9.4%. It reached its highest peak of 12.7% at 25-29 yr of age and a second peak of 12.3% at 50-59 yr of age. In multivariable analysis, the number of lifetime sexual partners and past history of sexually transmitted diseases were associated with the seroprevalence but not prevalence of HPV. It is suggested that younger women should receive prophylactic HPV vaccination before they become sexually active and exposed to HPV in their 20s. This study provides baseline data for developing HPV vaccination programs and monitoring vaccine efficacy in Korea.

Abstract C155: Cyclin-dependent kinase 1 (Cdk1) is a promising therapeutic target to overcome ovarian cancer

Purpose: Ovarian cancer shows heterogeneous characteristics which cause chemoresistance and recurrence. The goal of this study was to elucidate characteristics common to various ovarian cancers in order to evaluate their potential for targeted therapy. Methods: Microarray results for cell lines of serous, mucinous, and brenner types of ovarian cancers were reanalyzed and validated via ovarian cancer cell lines, GEO datasets and TMA blocks. RO-3306 which is an inhibitor of Cdk1 and si-cdk1 was used to measure the growth rate of ovarian cancer cell lines via FACS analysis. In addition, combination treatment with RO-3306 and cisplatin was administered in vitro and in in vivo xenograft mouse model. Results: Microarray reanalysis revealed that expression of Cdk1 and cyclinB1 was higher in 5 types of ovarian cancer cell lines, 4 GEO datasets and ovarian cancer TMA blocks than in HOSE cells. Ovarian cancer TMA particularly showed increased level of cytoplasmic Cdk1 protein, but not in nucleus. When Cdk1 was inhibited by siRNA and a potent Cdk1 inhibitor (RO-3306), growth of ovarian cancer cells decreased, while G2/M arrest or apoptosis increased. In addition, tumor growth was significantly lesser in a xenograft mouse model treated with a combination of RO-3306 and cisplatin than in mice treated with each drug alone. Conclusions: Cdk1 is a promising gene for targeted anticancer therapy. It is expected that combined treatment with Cdk1 inhibitor and chemotherapeutic agents would maximize the effects of ovarian cancer treatment. Citation Format: Hanbyoul Cho, Wookyeom Yang, Ha-Yeon Shin, Eun-ju Lee, Doo-Byung Chay, Jae-Hoon Kim. Cyclin-dependent kinase 1 (Cdk1) is a promising therapeutic target to overcome ovarian cancer. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR-NCI-EORTC International Conference: Molecular Targets and Cancer Therapeutics; 2015 Nov 5-9; Boston, MA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Mol Cancer Ther 2015;14(12 Suppl 2):Abstract nr C155.