Y.T. Kim

Tooth Discoloration of Immature Permanent Incisor Associated with Triple Antibiotic Therapy: A Case Report

INTRODUCTIONnA triple antibiotic mixture of ciprofloxacin, metronidazole, and minocycline was used as an intracanal medicament in an attempt to disinfect the root canal system for revascularization of a tooth with a necrotic pulp. However, discoloration developed after applying the triple antibiotic mixture.nnnMETHODSnSix weeks after a triple antibiotic paste had been applied to the root canal of tooth #8 of a 7-year-old girl, the tooth showed a dark discoloration. An in vitro experiment with human extracted teeth was performed to determine which of the 3 antibiotics caused the tooth discoloration. Another experiment was then carried out to examine whether a currently used dentin bonding agent would prevent or reduce such discoloration. The degree of discoloration was assessed by using a colorimeter.nnnRESULTSnAmong the components of the triple antibiotic paste, only minocycline caused the tooth discoloration. Moreover, the dentin bonding agent reduced the intensity of the discoloration but did not prevent it.nnnCONCLUSIONSnThe possible esthetic problems with the tooth color should be considered when using minocycline as a canal medication.

Expression of human leukocyte antigen-G and its correlation with interleukin-10 expression in cervical carcinoma.

Objective: To determine human leukocyte antigen (HLA)‐G and interleukin (IL)‐10 expression and the relationship between HLA‐G expression and clinicopathologic features in patients with cervical cancer. Method: Tissue samples were obtained from 40 patients with cervical cancer and 15 control patients with a normal cervix. Quantitative real‐time RT‐PCR for mRNA and western blot analysis for protein expression were used. Result: Both HLA‐G and IL‐10 mRNA expression in cervical cancer tissues was significantly greater than normal controls (P < 0.001, P = 0.005). Protein expression of HLA‐G and IL‐10 in the cancer group was also significantly greater than in the controls (P < 0.001, P = 0.021). There was an inverse relationship between FIGO stage and HLA‐G mRNA expression (P = 0.046). Conclusion: HLA‐G and IL‐10 might play an important role in cancer progression of the cervix. High HLA‐G mRNA expression may be related to early carcinogenesis since it was associated with early‐stage cervical cancer.

Failure of setting of mineral trioxide aggregate in the presence of fetal bovine serum and its prevention.

INTRODUCTIONnThe purpose of this study was to examine the effect of fetal bovine serum (FBS) on the setting of 2 white mineral trioxide aggregates (MTAs) and to determine if calcium chloride (CaCl(2)) alters the setting behavior of both MTAs under this condition.nnnMETHODSnTwo types of MTA cements (ProRoot MTA [Dentsply Tulsa Dental, Tulsa, OK] and MTA-Angelus [Angelus Dental Solutions, Londrina, Brazil]) were mixed with either distilled water (DW) or 10% CaCl(2) solution. Mixed MTA was placed in a polyethylene mold, and each mold was then placed in saline or FBS-soaked Oasis. After storing for 4 days, the MTA samples were removed from the molds, and the microhardness was independently measured at 3 different levels: 0.5 mm, 2 mm, and 4 mm away from the bottom in contact with the immersion solution.nnnRESULTSnNone of the samples mixed with DW and exposed to FBS for 4 days had set at the 0.5-mm and 2-mm levels. CaCl(2) was effective in reducing (the 0.5-mm level) or eliminating (the 2- and 4-mm levels) the adverse effect of FBS. The groups with short-term exposure to FBS had the same surface microhardness as the groups stored in saline-soaked Oasis.nnnCONCLUSIONSnMTA did not set when the mixed MTA was exposed to FBS for 4 days. In these cases, 10% CaCl(2) helped the setting of MTA, and the effect was more pronounced in ProRoot MTA than in MTA-Angelus. In contrast, short-term exposure to FBS had minimal or no detrimental effects on the setting behaviors of both MTAs.

Prognostic significance of DNA quantification by flow cytometry in ovarian tumors

The objective of our study is to evaluate prognostic significance of DNA quantification by flow cytometry in ovarian tumor.

Prognostic factors and expression of p53 and mdm‐2 in uterine sarcomas

Objectives: To evaluate the clinicopathologic prognostic factors of uterine sarcoma, and determine whether overexpression of p53 and mdm‐2 proteins correlate with overall survival and prognostic factors. Methods: Thirty specimens from 43 patients with uterine sarcoma were available for slide review and evaluated by immunohistochemistry at Yonsei and Ajou University Medical Centers for the expression of p53 and mdm‐2. Results: Overall survival was found to correlate to histologic type of uterine sarcoma, surgical stage, tumor grade, and mitotic index. Whereas 63% of the sarcomas expressed p53, with a significant correlation to overall survival, 60% expressed mdm‐2, with a significant correlation to the mitotic index but not to overall survival. Conclusion: Histologic type, surgical stage, tumor grade, mitotic index, and p53 expression were prognostic factors of the overall survival of patients with uterine sarcoma.

Pretreatment levels of serum squamous cell carcinoma antigen and urine polyamines in women with squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix

Objectives: To investigate whether pretreatment levels of serum squamous cell carcinoma antigen (SCCA) and urine polyamines can predict lymph node metastases in patients with early stage cervical carcinoma. Methods: Pretreatment measurement of serum SCCA and urine polyamine levels was carried out for 419 women. Of those women, 104 with stage IB and IIA cancer received radical surgery and had tumor size reassessed postoperatively. Results: The women had increased levels of serum SCCA (> 2.0 ng/mL) and elevated urine polyamines (> 45 μmol/g of creatinine) with advanced cancer stage (P < 0.01). The median SCCA level was significantly higher in women with metastatic disease than that in those without lymph node involvement (3.9 vs. 1.1; P < 0.01). Women with nodal involvement also had significantly higher median levels of urine polyamines than those without nodal disease. Conclusions: Pretreatment measurement of SCCA and urine polyamine levels may help in predicting lymph node metastases in women with early stage cervical carcinoma.

Failure of orthograde MTA filling: MTA wash-out?

Mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA), which was originally developed for repair of root perforations, is a biocompatible material with numerous clinical applications in endodontics. MTA must be allowed to set in the presence of moisture to optimize the material’ s physical and chemical properties. In the clinic, occasionally unset MTA has been detected after application of MTA on the tooth, and the reason has been unclear. This case report presents MTA washed-out for several years after placement at the root apex as an apical plug, and discusses the reason and things to consider in clinics. [J Kor Acad Cons Dent 2011;36(6):510514.]

Prealbumin changes in gynecologic patients undergoing intra-abdominal surgery

Poor nutritional status in patients undergoing surgery is well known to increase post-operative morbidity and mortality by deteriorating various organ functions and the immune system of the host w1x. Visceral proteins such as albumin and transferrin have been accepted as relatively objective, reproducible and reliable parameters for the assessment of host nutritional status. However, these protein parameters have relatively long halflives. They are not suitable for the detection of immediate perioperative alterations in nutritional status. Serum prealbumin(transthyretin or thyroxinebinding prealbumin ) is compatible with serum albumin with regards to its convenient sampling and objectivity. Serum prealbumin differs from albumin in that it has a relatively short half-life of 48 h and does not accumulate in the body to undergo redistributionw1–4x. Therefore, any fluctuations in nutritional status can be detected rapidly. Prealbumin has been considered an effective indicator of malnutrition in cancer patients w2,3x. It has been demonstrated to reflect changes in the

P15.15: An update on incidence of congenital defects coexisting with fetal urinary tract anomaly

Objective: Due to advances in diagnosing fetal anomalies by ultrasound, prognosis of babies with anomalies, especially in urinary tract, has improved. However, multiple anomalies with poor prognosis are still noted. We analyze congenital defects which coexist with fetal urinary tract anomalies. Methods: We identified all pregnancies complicated by fetal urinary tract anomalies which were followed and delivered from 1998 August to 2008 July at Yonsei University Health System. Fetal urinary tract defects were subdivided to hydronephrosis, multicystic dysplastic kidney, polycystic kidney disease, renal agenesis, renal duplication and horse-shoe kidney. A retrospective study was performed regarding both medical records and ultrasound findings. Results: 236 (1.8%) in total 12,431 cases were identified with urinary tract defects and 25 (12.3%) cases had coexisting other anomalies. Hydronephrosis was found in 156 (68.2%) cases. Multicystic dysplastic kidney was found in 37 (15.6%) cases, renal duplication in 11 (4.7%), renal agenesis in 9 (3.8%), polycystic disease in 6 (2.5%) and horse-shoe kidney in 2 (1.0%). In 25 cases with coexisting anomalies, the most common type was congenital heart defect which was found in 9 (27.6%) cases. They were composed of 8 (24.5%) atrial septal defect and 1 (3.1%) ventricular septal defect combined with pulmonary atresia. Other coexisting anomalies were cerebral or gastrointestinal tract associated anomalies, Mullerian duct anomalies and polydactyly. Six in 9 (66.7%) fetuses with one kidney had other anomalies. Conclusion: Urinary tract anomalies in fetus seem to be associated with a variety of other malformation, especially cardiac anomalies. Detailed ultrasound or echocardiography should be carefully performed because of frequent coexisting fetal congenital anomalies. Furthermore, comprehensive prenatal counseling and postnatal evaluation and management will be needed.

P993 Identification of biomarkers for epithelial ovarian cancer using gene and protein expression profiling of newly established cell lines

included abnormal per-vaginal bleeding (45%), introital mass (22%), foul-smelling per-vaginal discharge (11%) and 2 (22%) were asymptomatic with cervical polyp discovered on routine check-up. All patients had benign-looking cervical polyps on examination and underwent polypectomy. Histology showed increased stromal cellularity with periglandular cuffs in all patients and heterologous differentiation in 1 (11%). All had International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) stage 1B disease.7 (78%) patients had radical hysterectomy with bilateral adnexectomy, pelvic lymphadenectomy. 1 (11%) had radical trachelectomy and 1 (11%) refused definitive surgery. No recurrence was seen in the 6 patients with complete mean follow-up of 5 years. Conclusions: Clinical diagnosis may be challenging given the benign gross appearance of the polyps. Patients generally present in the early stage and surgery offers good chance of cure with no recurrence.