D.B. Jones

Extrusion processing of low-inhibitor soybeans improves growth performance of nursery pigs fed protein-adequate diets

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Processing method affects the nutritional value of low-inhibitor soybeans for nursery pigs

This report is brought to you for free and open access by New Prairie Press. It has been accepted for inclusion in Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports by an authorized administrator of New Prairie Press. Copyright 1990 Kansas State University Agricultural Experiment Station and Cooperative Extension Service.

Effect of replacing dried skim milk with specially processed soy products on digestibility of nutrients and growth performance of nursery pigs.

One hundred twenty-eight pigs (21 d of age and 11.7 lb) were used to determine the effects of feeding specially processed soy products and lactose versus dried skim milk on growth performance and nutrient digestibility. For d 0-14, pigs received pelleted diets that were: 1) corn-soybean meal-whey control; 2) a high nutrient density diet (HNDD) containing 20% dried skim milk and 20% dried whey; 3 and 4) the HNDD with soy protein isolate replacing 50% and 100% of the protein supplied by dried skim milk; 5 and 6) the HNDD with soy protein concentrate replacing 50% and 100% of the protein supplied by dried skim milk; 7 and 8) the HNDD with modified soy flour replacing 50% and 100% of the protein supplied by dried skim milk. For d 14-35, all pigs were fed a common diet. Average daily gain (ADG), average daily feed intake (ADFI), feed:gain ratio (F/G), and fecal scores were determined for d 7, 14, and 35 of the experiment. Apparent digestibilities of N and DM were determined from fecal samples collected on d 13. For d 0 to 7, pigs fed the HNDD had the best F/G, pigs fed the corn-soybean meal-whey control had the poorest F/G, and pigs fed diets with the specially processed soy products were intermediate in feed efficiency. Pigs fed the soy isolate had improved feed efficiency and less incidence of diarrhea compared to pigs fed the soy concentrate. For d 0 to 14, pigs fed the corn-soybean meal-whey control had the poorest performance and DM digestibility. When dried skim milk was replaced with the specially processed soy products, F/G was worse, but digestibility of N and DM were not decreased, especially at the 50% level of replacement. Pigs fed the soy isolate had performance more similar to pigs fed the HNDD than pigs fed the soy concentrate or modified soy flour. From d 0 to 35, ADG and ADFI were greater for pigs fed diets with soy products replacing the protein from dried skim milk than pigs given the HNDD. However, pigs fed the HNDD gained more efficiently. Our data indicate that replacing the protein from dried skim milk with the specially processed soy products tested in this experiment resulted in slight depressions in performance early in the nursery phase (ie., d 0 to 14). However, as the processing techniques became more elaborate (ie., isolate> concentrate> modified soy flour), utilization of the products was improved.; Swine Day, Manhattan, KS, November 15, 1990

Effect of replacing dried skim milk with soy products on function and morphology of the small intestine in nursery pigs

Sixty-six pigs (averaging 21 d of age and 11.8 lb) were used in a 7-d experiment to evaluate the effects of specially processed soy products on function and morphology of the small intestine. Treatments were: 1) corn-milk products control; 2, 3, 4, and 5) simple corn-based diets with either soybean meal, soy isolate2, soy concentrate3, or modified soy flour4 as the major protein source; 6) a high nutrient density diet (HNDD) containing 20% dried skim milk and 20% dried whey; 7, 8, and 9) the HNDD with soy isolate, soy concentrate, or modified soy flour plus lactose replacing 100% of the dried skim milk. Xylose absorption was determined from plasma collected on d 6 post-weaning. On d 7 post-weaning, serum was collected for determination of antisoy titers, and four pigs/trt were sacrificed for collection of tissues to determine villus height and crypt depth. The milk diet was more digestible than the other treatments, and the complex diets were more digestible than the simple diets. Nitrogen from soy isolate and concentrate was more digestible than N from soy flour in the simple diets. Pigs fed diets with the specially processed soy products had lower antisoy titers than pigs fed diets with soybean meal. However, diets with the specially processed soy products resulted in lower xylose absorptions than the diet with soybean meal. Pigs fed the corn-milk products control tended to have longer villi and lower crypt depths than pigs fed the other treatments. In conclusion, it appears that the specially processed soy products were better utilized than soybean meal but of lower nutritional value than milk products. Of the specially processed soy products, soy protein isolate had the greatest nutritional value in simple diets, but the soy products were of similar nutritional value in the complex diets.; Swine Day, Manhattan, KS, November 15, 1990

Effects of soy lecithin and distilled monoglyceride in combination with tallow on nutrien digestibility, serum lipids, and growth performance in weanling pigs

Four hundred twenty pigs (21 d of age and 12.3 lb avg initial wt) were used to determine if adding soybean oil, lecithin, and monoglyceride to diets containing tallow affects nutrient digestibility, serum lipids, and growth performance. Treatments were: 1) a high nutrient density diet (HNOD) with 10% soybean oil; 2) HNDD with 10% tallow; 3, 4, and 5) diet 2 with 9% tallow and 1% soybean oil, lecithin, and monoglyceride, respectively. Adding soybean oil, lecithin, and monoglyceride to tallow increased digestibility of total fat, longchain saturated fatty acids, and medium-chain fatty acids, but reduced serum concentrations of triglycerides and total, HDL (high density lipoprotein), and LDL (low density lipoprotein) cholesterol. From d 0 to 14, pigs fed soybean oil had greater ADG and ADFI than pigs fed the other treatments, and pigs fed tallow without emulsifiers had the lowest ADFI. From d 0 to 7 and 0 to 14, pigs fed diets with lecithin had improved F/G compared to pigs fed monoglyceride. For d 0 to 35, fat source or emulsitier treatment did not affect growth performance. The addition of emulsifiers increased digestibility of tallow but had only small effects on growth performance early in the nursery phase.; Swine Day, Manhattan, KS, November 21. 1991

Effect of replacing milk products with a soybean protein isolate milk replacer in diets for nursery pigs

One hundred eighty pigs (21 d of age and averaging 14.5 lb) were used to determine if a milk replacer containing soybean protein isolate can replace dried skim milk and dried whey in a high nutrient density starter diet. Pigs received pelleted feeds that were: 1) corn-soybean meal control; 2) a high nutrient density diet (HNDD) containing 20% dried skim milk and 20% dried whey; 3 and 4) diet 2 with milk rcplacer substituted for 50% and 100% of the milk products; 5) corn-milk replacer; 6) corn-milk products. Average daily gain (ADG), average daily feed intake (ADFI), feed conversion (F/G), and fecal scores were determined on d 7, 14, and 35 of the experiment. Apparent digestibilities of nitrogen and dry matter were determined on d 14. On d 7, pigs fed the corn-soybean meal control had the poorest performance. Feed efficiency was better for pigs fed the corn-milk replacer and corn-milk products diets than for pigs fed the HNDDs. At d 14, ADFI was less for pigs fed the corn-milk replacer and corn-milk products diets than for pigs given the HNDDs. Digestibilities of nitrogen and dry matter were greater for all diets vs the control, and there was decreased incidence of diarrhea as the level of milk replacer increased in the diet. At d 35, ADG was greatest for pigs given the HNDDs and ADFI was lower for pigs fed the corn-milk replacer and corn-milk products diets. Our results indicate that milk replacers containing a high quality soybean protein isolate can be substituted for milk products in HNDDs with no reduction in pig performance.; Swine Day, Manhattan, KS, November 16, 1989

Effects of lecithin and lysolecithin additions on growth performance and nutrient digestibility in weanling pigs

Two hundred seventy pigs (21 d of age and 12.8 lb initial wt) were used to determine if adding emulsifiers (lecithin and lysolecithin) to starter pig diets affects growth performance and digestibility of nutrients. Treatments were: 1) corn-soy control; 2) diet 1 with soybean oil; 3) diet 1 with tallow; 4, 5, and 6) diet 3 with lecithin replacing 5%, 10%, and 30% of the tallow; 7, 8, and 9) diet 3 with lysolecithin replacing 5%, 10%, and 30% of the tallow. Average daily gain (ADG), average daily feed intake (ADFI), and feed/gain ratio (F/G) were determined weekly during the 35-d experiment. Apparent digestibilities of total fat, unsaturated and saturated fatty acids, nitrogen, and gross energy were determined from fecal samples collected on d 14. The digestibilities of total fat, unsaturated fatty acids and saturated fatty acids were greater for soybean oil than for tallow. The addition of lecithin to tallow improved digestibility, especially the digestibility of saturated fatty acids. The addition of lysolecithin did not improve the digestibility of tallow. At d 14, ADG and ADFI were not affected by treatment. From d 14 to 35, control pigs had poorer F/G than pigs fed the different fat sources. Average daily gain and ADFI were increased when lecithin and lysolecithin were added to the tallow diet. For the entire experiment, ADG was not affected by treatment, although there was a tendency for improved ADG when the emulsifiers were added to the tallow. Feed intake was greater and F/G poorer for control pigs than pigs fed the fat sources. Our results indicate that the addition of lecithin increased the digestibility of tallow, and ADG and ADFI were improved the last 3 wk of the 5-wk experiment when emulsifiers were added to tallow.; Swine Day, Manhattan, KS, November 16, 1989

Effect of roasting on utilization of sunflower oil seeds in nursery pig diets

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Effect of fat combinations on starter pig performance and nutrient digestibility

This report is brought to you for free and open access by New Prairie Press. It has been accepted for inclusion in Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports by an authorized administrator of New Prairie Press. Copyright 1989 Kansas State University Agricultural Experiment Station and Cooperative Extension Service.

Effects of lecithin and lysolecithin on the digestibility of fat sources in diets for weanling pigs

This report is brought to you for free and open access by New Prairie Press. It has been accepted for inclusion in Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports by an authorized administrator of New Prairie Press. Copyright 1989 Kansas State University Agricultural Experiment Station and Cooperative Extension Service.