D. Yarrow

Cryptococcus adeliensis sp. nov., a xylanase producing basidiomycetous yeast from Antarctica.

Cryptococcus adeliensis sp. nov. (CBS 8351) is described based on phenotypic characteristics and molecular sequence analysis of the D1/D2 large subunit and internal transcribed spacer regions of the ribosomal DNA. Molecular comparisons include species closely related to Cryptococcus albidus and several species isolated from the Antarctic. C. adeliensis, which has a cold-adapted xylanase, was isolated from Terre Adelie, Antarctica. ATCC 34633, which has a mesophilic xylanase, was identified as Cryptococcus albidosimilis.

DNA base composition of species of the genusSaccharomyces

DNA base compositions (GC content) ofSaccharomyces species are reported and discussed. Several amendments of the four groups given by van der Walt are suggested, viz. the transfer ofS. kluyveri to group 1, and ofS. eupagycus, S. cidri, S. montanus, S. microellipsodes andS. florentinus to group 2. The synonomy ofS. amurcae andS. cidri is suggested. The DNA base compositions revealed two possible pairs of sibling species:S. elegans andS. bailii, with a difference in GC content of 4.1%;S. dairensis andS. servazzii with a difference in GC content of ca. 3%.S. mrakii had a GC content of 47.3–48.5% the highest encountered in this genus and similar to that ofKluyveromyces thermotolerans.

Four new combinations in yeasts

In two recent publications (van der Walt and Scott, 1971 ; v o n Arx, 1972) it has been pointed out that the generic name Endomycopsis is invalid and most o f the species listed in this genus by Kreger-van Rij in Lodder (1970) have been transferred to various other genera. Two species which were not covered by the previous publications o f van der Walt and von Arx are Endomycopsis lipolytica Wickerham et al. and Endomycopsis muscicola Nakase et Komaga ta , and therefore the following new combinat ions are proposed for these.

Candida steatolytica sp.n.

A new yeast species is described,C. steatolytica, which strongly hydrolizes fat and grows withi-inositol as the sole source of carbon. OtherCandida species capable of usingi-inositol are compared and their classification discussed.C. nivalis andC. frigida are considered to be synonymous withC. curiosa andC. curvata withC. humicola. C. punicea produces ballistospores and must be rejected from the genusCandida.

Three new species of Candida from apple cider: C. anglica, C. cidri and C. pomicola.

Three new anamorphic ascomycetous yeasts are described: Candida anglica (type strain NRRL Y-27079, CBS 4262), Candida cidri (type strain NRRL Y-27078, CBS 4241), and Candida pomicola (type strain NRRL Y-27083, CBS 4242). These three species were isolated from cider produced in the United Kingdom, and their identification was determined from unique nucleotide sequences in the species-specific D1/D2 domain of large subunit (26S) ribosomal DNA. Phylogenetic analysis of D1/D2 sequences placed C. anglica near Candida fragi, C. cidri near Pichia capsulata, and C. pomicola in the Pichia holstii clade.

Two new anamorphic yeasts: Candida germanica and Candida neerlandica

Descriptions are given for the two new anamorphic ascomycetous yeasts Candida germanica (type strain NRRL Y-27064, CBS 4105) and Candida neerlandica (type strain NRRL Y-27057, CBS 434). The species were isolated, respectively, from the atmosphere over Germany and from pressed yeast cake in The Netherlands. Phylogenetic analysis of 26S domain D1/D2 ribosomal DNA sequences places C. germanica near Pichia philogaea, whereas C. neerlandica is a member of the Lodderomyces elongisporus/Candida albicans clade.

The adventures of the yeast genus Endomycopsis Dekker

The yeast generaEndomyces, Endomycopsella, Guilliermondella andSaccharomycopsis are delimited by the size, structure and pigmentation of the ascospores; they include mycelial yeasts formerly classified in the invalid genusEndomycopsis. The ultrastructure of the cell wall and the septa of yeasts is briefly discussed.

Brettanomyces abstinens sp.n.

A new yeast is described,Brettanomyces abstinens, isolated from ginger ale in the U.S.A. This species differs from all the presently acceptedBrettanomyces species by not assimilating trehalose.

Torulopsis geochares and Torulopsis azyma, two new, haploid species of ascomycetous affinity

Three strains representative of two undescribed Torulopsis species, T. geochares and T. azyma, were recovered from soil and rupicolous lichen in South Africa. Descriptions of the new species are given. Ploidy determinations by X-ray inactivation showed the type strains of the two new species to be haploid. On the basis of their affinitive characteristics the new species appear to be related to the ascomycetous yeasts.

Selenotila peltata comb. n.

A brief historical survey of the genusSelenotila Lagerheim is given andTorulopsis peltata Yarrow is transferred to this genus as a new combination.