Dahmane

Chemical composition of the essential oils of Pistacia lentiscus L. from Algeria

Abstract The essential oils of Pistacia lentiscus L. from three regions of Algeria (Algiers, Tizi-Ouzou and Oran) were isolated from aerial parts by hydrodistillation and were investigated by GC and GC/MS. Longifolene was predominant in the oils from Algiers (12.8%) and Tizi-Ouzou (16.4%), while α-pinene (19.0%) was the major constituent of the Oran oil. The other compounds of oils were present in important amounts; Algiers oil: γ-cadinene (6.2%)s, trans-β-terpineol (5.0%) and α-acorneol (4.6%); Tizi-Ouzou oil: trans-β-terpineol (15.6%), terpinen-4-ol (7.0%) and γ-muurolene (5.7%); Oran oil: trans-β-terpineol (13.1%), sabinene (12.6%) and β-pinene (6.5%). A comparison with oils from P. lentiscus of other countries reported in literature shows both qualitative and quantitative differences.

Essential Oil Composition of Lavandula stoechas. from Algeria

Abstract The essential oil of Lavandula stoechas. L. growing spontaneously in Algeria was investigated by gas chromatography (GC) and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) for the first time. The oil was isolated from the aerial parts of the plant (leaves and flowers) by distillation in a yield of 1.1%. Fifty-four components amounting to ca.. 73% of the oil were identified, the major component being fenchone (31.6%). The other significant constituents were camphor (22.4%), p.-cymene (6.5%), lavandulyl acetate (3.0%), and α-pinene (1.0%). Our results show that the oil consists mainly of oxygenated monoterpenes (62.0%). A comparison with oils from other Lavandula stoechas. from other countries reported in literature shows qualitative and quantitative differences.

Chemical Composition of the Essential Oil of Artemisia campestris. L. from Algeria

Abstract The chemical composition of the hydrodistilled essential oil of the air-dried aerial parts of wild red wormwood (Artemisia campestris. L.) was analyzed by gas chromatography (GC) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The species is poor in essential oil (yield = 0.1%). Seventy-one constituents representing 57.0% of total oil have been identified. The result show that oxygenated compounds compose the major part of oil (43.7%) and the main components are (Z,E.)-farnesol (10.3%) followed by cedrol (5.4%) and verbenone (3.8%). Toxic ketones such as α.- and β.-thujone are not detected in the oil.

Composition and antimicrobial activity of the essential oil of Thymus fontanesii

Abstract The yield of oil isolated by hydrodistillation from aerial parts of Thymus fontanesii. Boiss. et Reut. (Lamiaceae) growing wild in Djelfa (Algeria) was 0.9%. Analysis of the oil by gas chromatography (GC) and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) revealed the identification of 47 components accounting for 98.5% of the total oil. The oil was found to be rich in monoterpenes (91.5%) with major constituents being thymol (29.3%), γ.-terpinene (21.7%), p.-cymene (15.9%), and thymol methyl ether (11.4%), while a smaller amount of linalool (4.8%) and β.-caryophyllene (2.9%) were detected. According to the antimicrobial study using the disk diffusion method and the agar dilution assay–minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC), the oil showed strong in vitro. growth inhibition activity against Gram-negative bacteria and antifungal activity. The oil exhibited the maximum antifungal activity against Mucor ramaniamus. (MIC = 0.2 µL/mL).

Volatile Constituents of the Essential Oil of Ruta chalepensis L. subsp. Angustifolia (Pers.) P. Cout.

Abstract The water distilled essential oil from aerial parts of Ruta chelepensis subsp. angustifolia (Pers.) P. Cout was investigated by GC and GC/MS techniques for the first time. The oil yield was 0.27%. It was characterized by a large amount of ketones (57.0%), with 2-undecanone (28.2%), 2-nonanone (20.0%), 2-methyloctyl acetate (12.7%) and 2-methyldecyl acetate (5.8%) being the major constituents found. A comparison with oils from Ruta species from different countries reported in literature shows a similarity in main compound with most species of these plants.

Essential Oil Composition of Juniperus Oxycedrus. Growing in Algeria

Abstract The chemical composition of the essential oil of Juniperus oxycedrus. from Algeria was studied for the first time. The oil was obtained from the leaves of the plant by hydrodistillation and analyzed by gas chromatography (GC) and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) techniques. The yield of essential oil is 0.1%, based on dry weight. Eighty-nine components representing 82.3% of the total oil were identified. The results show that oxygenated monoterpene (41.0%) composes the major part of oil and the main components are trans.-pinocarveol (7.0%), cis.-verbenol (6.3%), and manoyl oxide (6.0%). A comparison with oils from J. oxycedrus. complex (subspecies and varieties) of other countries reported in literature is discussed briefly.

Chemical Composition of the Essential Oil of Juniperus phoenicea L. from Algeria

Abstract The chemical composition of the essential oil of Juniperus phoenicea from Algeria was investigated for the first time. The volatile oil was isolated by hydrodistillation in yield 0.80% and was analyzed by GC/FID and GC/MS techniques. One hundred and three constituents, representing 96.0% of the oil was identified, twenty-three being reported for the first time in J. phoenicea oil. The oil was characterized by the presence of high amounts of monoterpene hydrocarbons (62.2%) and by a lower percentage of oxygenated sesquiterpenes (8.8%), of which α-pinene (40.2%), α-phellandrene (14.7%) and elemol (3.9%) were the main compounds. Also the oil was characterized by the presence of three diterpenes constituents; manoyl oxide, abietadiene and cis-totarol amounting to 0.3%. A comparison with the composition of the oils of J. phoenicea (subspecies and varieties) of other countries reported in literature is discussed briefly.

Essential Oil Composition of Centaurea pullata L.

Abstract The essential oil composition of Centaurea pullata L. was obtained by water distillation, yielding 0.03% of oil on dry weight basis. The oil composition was analyzed by a combination of GC and GC/MS techniques. Sixty components, representing 83.1% of the total oil, were identified, six of which have not been previously reported in Centaurea oils. The principal constituents were identified as caryophyllene oxide (27.0%), phytol isomer (16.5%) and 6,10,14-trimethyl 2-pentadecanone (14.9%). These results show remarkable qualitative and quantitative differences with previously reported studies for Centaurea species.

Chemical Composition of the Needles Oil of Pinus canariensis from Algeria

The essential oil of the needles of Pinus canariensis, cultivated in the Algiers region (Algeria), was obtained by hydrodistillation in a yield of 0.3% and analyzed by capillary GC and GC/MS. More than 46 compounds were identified amounting to ca 92.6% of the total oil. The more important constituents were β-selinene (63.7%), β-caryophyllene (9.9%), and limonene (3.5%).

Chemical composition, antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of essential oil of Salvia chudaei Batt. et Trab. endemic plant from Algeria

The essential oil composition and in vitro antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of the essential oil from Salvia chudaei Batt. et Trab. were investigated in this research for the first time. Gas chromatography (GC) and GC/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) analysis of the plant essential oil resulted in the identification of fifty compounds representing 90.8% of the oil. The principal constituents were identified as bornyl acetate (20.5%), β-eudesmol (13.6%), β-caryophyllene (10.6%), valencene (9.3%), τ-cadinol (9.3%), α-pinene (6.9%) and γ-cadinene (5.8%). The antimicrobial activity of the essential oil was evaluated using disk diffusion and agar dilution methods. A great potential antimicrobial activity was observed against Staphylococcus epidermidis and Candida albicans, followed by Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus and Listeria monocytogenes, with their respective zones of inhibition of 13.33 ± 1.52 to 40.5 ± 2.12 mm and minimal inhibition concentration (MIC) values of 0.062–1 mg/mL. The plant essential oil was also subjected to screenings for the evaluation of their antioxidant activities using 2.2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and β-carotene–linoleic acid tests, and weak activities were found for this essential oil.