Dan Landis

Reflections on 22 years of the International Journal of Intercultural Relations and 23 years in other areas of intercultural practice

Abstract This paper continues a reflection begun at the Summer Institute of Intercultural Communication in the summer of 1997 and continued at the first meeting of the International Academy for Intercultural Research in March of 1998. One of the purposes of this paper is to reflect on the papers in the International Journal of Intercultural Relations ( IJIR ) and other venues which have been submitted, accepted, and published in terms of what they say about the field of intercultural relations. A second purpose is to engage in dialogue between a researcher whose main focus has been the efficacy of intercultural training and a practitioner who has spent most of her career, not in education, training or research per se, but in overlapping other areas of practice, working as an agent of social change at both policy and project levels. This paper will be an act of constructing a congruent dialogue, smoothing out what Carole Archer (1996) calls the ‘culture bumps’ along the way. From this joint reflection, we try to peer into the future and suggest the areas that would seem to be of particular import for the study of intercultural relations.

Measuring equal opportunity climate in the military environment

Abstract Construction and initial validation of an instrument to assess equal opportunity climate in the military are described. The research was conducted in three phases: survey design and preliminary validation at the Defense Equal Opportunity Management Institute (DEOMI), Patrick Air Force Base, FL; field testing and further validation at operational military units from all Military Services; and subsequent revision and implementation as part of a continuing organizational analysis service for military commanders. Results are interpreted as supporting use of the instrument, the Military Equal Opportunity Climate Survey (MEOCS), for the intended purpose.

Case management service provision and client change

The present study examines the relationship between case management service provision to the chronically mentally ill and consequent client change. Subjects were clients who had been in the Mississippi case management system for at least six months. It was predicted that the services, of linkage/referral and advocacy would account for the most change in the number of problems and severity of problems on the part of the client. However, less than three precent of the variance in overall client change was explained by all five services combined. Results are discussed in light of certain constraints within the system.

Cross-Cultural Aspects of Passionate Love An Individual Differences Analysis

Recent work has suggested that passionate love may be conceived of within cultures as an emic that may consist of several dimensions. This study explored the factor dimensionality and cultural relativity of passionate love using the Passionate Love Scale (PLS) with data from 9 samples from North America, Europe, the Middle East, and a Pacific Island and analyzed with 3 Mode Factor Analysis with Point-of-View solutions (3M-POV). A 6-factor group-common structure was found to best explain variance in PLS responses collapsed across cultures. 3M-POV hierarchical clustering procedures yielded 6 idealized cultures separated by gender. Principal component analysis of PLS responses by idealized culture groups revealed unique factor structures for each of these groups. These results suggest passionate love to be a multifactorial construct uniquely defined within cultures.

Ethnic conflict : international perspectives

Foreword - Ross Stagner Themes and Models of Conflict - Dan Landis and Jerry Boucher Sinhala-Tamil Relations in Modern Sri Lanka - S Arasaratham Intergroup Relations in Hong Kong - Michael Bond The Tao of Stability Ethnic Conflict Management in Yunnan, China - Zhang Shifu and David Y H Wu Interethnic Conflict in the Malay Peninsula - Ronald Provencher Euskadi - J Martin Ramirez and Bobbie Sullivan The Country and Culture of the Basque People Black-White Relations in Mississippi - Ronald Bailey Puerto Ricans and Interethnic Conflict - Angela B Ginorio American Indians and Interethnic Conflict - Joseph E Trimble Interethnic Conflict in the Philippine Archipelago - Eric S Casino Interethnic Conflict in New Zealand - M Jocelyn Armstrong Twenty-Four Generations of Intergroup Conflicts on Bellona Island (Solomon Islands) - Rolf Kuschel Ethnic Antagonism and Innovation in Hawaii - John Kirkpatrick Some Thoughts on Ethnic Conflict - Winthrop Jordan

The Effects of Race on Procedural Justice: The Case of the Uniform Code of Military Justice

Building on a relatively recent tradition in studies of the civilian criminal justice system, the present research examined the potential racial bias in time-related variables inherent in the administration of courts-martial under the Uniform Code of Military Justice (UCMJ). The sample consisted of a database of all adjudicated charges in the U.S. Army of aggravated assault, drug-related, and sex-related crimes between 1986 and 1992. The results of the analyses of two main and three explanatory hypotheses indicated that, with regard to non-sex-related offenses, blacks spent longer going from initial charges to final disposition, were older than whites, and had been in the service longer. The relationship was reversed for sex-related crimes. The presence or absence of a negotiated plea bargain was found to have negligible effects on duration in the system. No consistent correlation was found between intellectual ability and time spent in the system. These results were interpreted in terms of an interaction between the level of potential public interest in a crime and the race of the accused, with blacks receiving accelerated treatment in crimes involving sex and less attention in the case of other crimes.