Daniela de Assumpção

Qualidade da dieta de adolescentes: estudo de base populacional em Campinas, SP

We assessed the overall diet quality and adequacy of diet consumption of each component of the diet of adolescents according to demographic, socioeconomic and body mass index (BMI) data. A cross-sectional population-based study analyzed a representative sample of 409 adolescents, aged 12-19 years, using the Healthy Eating Index (HEI). We estimated the prevalence of diets classified in the first quartile of the HEI and the average scores of each component of the HEI. Linear and Poisson multiple regressions were used in the analysis. The mean score of HEI was 59.7. We observed a lower prevalence of inadequate diets in the segment with heads of household presenting higher schooling. The lower socioeconomic status segments, measured by income and schooling, showed a lower consumption of vegetables, fruits, dairy products and a less diversified diet, and a higher intake of cereals and legumes. Overweight/obese adolescents consume more meat and eggs and less fruit compared to low weight/normal weight adolescents. Girls had a higher intake of total fat and lower sodium intake. The results identified diet components that deserve more attention in the strategies to promote healthy eating, and the more vulnerable segments among adolescents.We assessed the overall diet quality and adequacy of diet consumption of each component of the diet of adolescents according to demographic, socioeconomic and body mass index (BMI) data. A cross-sectional population-based study analyzed a representative sample of 409 adolescents, aged 12-19 years, using the Healthy Eating Index (HEI). We estimated the prevalence of diets classified in the first quartile of the HEI and the average scores of each component of the HEI. Linear and Poisson multiple regressions were used in the analysis. The mean score of HEI was 59.7. We observed a lower prevalence of inadequate diets in the segment with heads of household presenting higher schooling. The lower socioeconomic status segments, measured by income and schooling, showed a lower consumption of vegetables, fruits, dairy products and a less diversified diet, and a higher intake of cereals and legumes. Overweight/obese adolescents consume more meat and eggs and less fruit compared to low weight/normal weight adolescents. Girls had a higher intake of total fat and lower sodium intake. The results identified diet components that deserve more attention in the strategies to promote healthy eating, and the more vulnerable segments among adolescents.

Qualidade da dieta e fatores associados entre idosos: estudo de base populacional em Campinas, São Paulo, Brasil

O objetivo foi avaliar a qualidade da dieta de idosos segundo variaveis sociodemograficas, comportamentos relativos a saude e morbidades. Trata-se de estudo transversal de base populacional em amostra de 1.509 idosos, obtida por inquerito de saude conduzido em 2008-2009, em Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brasil. A qualidade alimentar foi avaliada pelo Indice de Qualidade da Dieta Revisado (IQD-R). Foram estimadas medias do IQD-R segundo as variaveis independentes e desenvolvido modelo de regressao linear multipla para as analises ajustadas. Os segmentos de idosos que apresentaram escores superiores de qualidade da dieta foram os de 80 anos e mais, evangelicos, que praticavam atividade fisica de lazer e os diabeticos; escores inferiores foram observados nos que residiam com tres ou mais pessoas, nos tabagistas e nos que relataram preferencia por refrigerantes e bebidas alcoolicas. Os achados apontam para a necessidade de melhora da qualidade da dieta dos idosos em geral, mas especialmente nos segmentos com outros comportamentos nao saudaveis, indicando, ainda, a relevância de intervencoes integradas e nao focadas em um fator.The aim of this study was to assess the quality of diet among the elderly and associations with socio-demographic variables, health-related behaviors, and diseases. A population-based cross-sectional study was conducted in a representative sample of 1,509 elderly participants in a health survey in Campinas, São Paulo State, Brazil. Food quality was assessed using the Revised Diet Quality Index (DQI-R). Mean index scores were estimated and a multiple regression model was employed for the adjusted analyses. The highest diet quality scores were associated with age 80 years or older, Evangelical religion, diabetes mellitus, and physical activity, while the lowest scores were associated with home environments shared with three or more people, smoking, and consumption of soft drinks and alcoholic beverages. The findings emphasize a general need for diet quality improvements in the elderly, specifically in subgroups with unhealthy behaviors, who should be targeted with comprehensive strategies.

Calcium intake by adolescents: a population‐based health survey

OBJECTIVE To analyze calcium intake in adolescents according to sociodemographic variables, health-related behaviors, morbidities, and body mass index. METHODS This was a cross-sectional population-based study, with a two-stage cluster sampling that used data from a survey conducted in Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil, between 2008 and 2009. Food intake was assessed using a 24-hour dietary recall. The study included 913 adolescents aged 10-19 years. RESULTS Average nutrient intake was significantly lower in the segment with lower education of the head of the family and lower per capita family income, in individuals from other cities or states, those who consumed fruit less than four times a week, those who did not drink milk daily, those who were smokers, and those who reported the occurrence of headaches and dizziness. Higher mean calcium intake was found in individuals that slept less than seven hours a day. The prevalence of calcium intake below the recommendation was 88.6% (95% CI: 85.4-91.2). CONCLUSION The results alert to an insufficient calcium intake and suggest that certain subgroups of adolescents need specific strategies to increase the intake of this nutrient.

Calcium Intake By Adolescents: A Population-based Health Survey.

OBJECTIVE To analyze calcium intake in adolescents according to sociodemographic variables, health-related behaviors, morbidities, and body mass index. METHODS This was a cross-sectional population-based study, with a two-stage cluster sampling that used data from a survey conducted in Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil, between 2008 and 2009. Food intake was assessed using a 24-hour dietary recall. The study included 913 adolescents aged 10-19 years. RESULTS Average nutrient intake was significantly lower in the segment with lower education of the head of the family and lower per capita family income, in individuals from other cities or states, those who consumed fruit less than four times a week, those who did not drink milk daily, those who were smokers, and those who reported the occurrence of headaches and dizziness. Higher mean calcium intake was found in individuals that slept less than seven hours a day. The prevalence of calcium intake below the recommendation was 88.6% (95% CI: 85.4-91.2). CONCLUSION The results alert to an insufficient calcium intake and suggest that certain subgroups of adolescents need specific strategies to increase the intake of this nutrient.

Social and demographic inequalities in diet quality in a population-based study

Objective : To evaluate sociodemographic inequalities in the diet quality of the urban population of the city of Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil. Methods: A population-based, cross-sectional study was performed using data from a health survey conducted in the city of Campinas in 2008-2009. Diet quality was evaluated using the Brazilian Healthy Eating Index Revised. A total of 3,382 individuals aged 10 years old and older were analyzed. Results : Brazilian Healthy Eating Index Revised scores increased with age and education level. Women consumed more vegetables, fruits, and milk, and less sodium, meat and eggs, oils, saturated and solid fats, alcohol, and added sugars than men. Scores for whole grains, vegetables, and fruits also increased with age and education level. Conclusion: These findings point to sociodemographic segments that are more vulnerable to an inappropriate diet and identify the need of strategies to increase the consumption of whole grains, dark green vegetables, fruits, and milk, and decrease the consumption of sodium, solid fats, alcohol, and added sugar.

Meat intake among adults: a population-based study in the city of Campinas, Brazil. A cross-sectional study.

CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVE Meat is a food with high nutritional density that has significant participation in the Brazilian diet. However, in excess it can cause harm to health. The aim of this study was to analyze the meat intake (g/day) among adults according to sociodemographic, behavioral and health situation characteristics, and to assess the types of meat most consumed. DESIGN AND SETTING Cross-sectional population-based study conducted in the city of Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil, in 2008 and 2009. METHODS Two-stage cluster sampling was used. The analysis included 948 adults between 20 and 59 years, who were participants in the Campinas Health Survey. Meat intake was assessed using 24-hour dietary recall. RESULTS The mean meat intake adjusted for sex and age was 182.3 g (95% CI: 170.6-193.9 g), with significantly lower intake among women, individuals aged 50 years or over, those with the presence of two or more self-reported chronic diseases and those with three or more health complaints. Higher meat intake was found in segments with intermediate monthly family income (between 1 and 3 minimum wages), those with 16 or more appliances per household and those who consumed soft drinks seven days a week. Beef was consumed most frequently (44%) among the meats in the diet, followed by poultry, fish and pork. CONCLUSION The data from this study reveal high meat intake in the population of Campinas and identify the segments that need to be prioritized for strategies directed towards appropriate meat intake.

Diet quality and associated factors among the elderly: a population-based study in Campinas, São Paulo State, Brazil

O objetivo foi avaliar a qualidade da dieta de idosos segundo variaveis sociodemograficas, comportamentos relativos a saude e morbidades. Trata-se de estudo transversal de base populacional em amostra de 1.509 idosos, obtida por inquerito de saude conduzido em 2008-2009, em Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brasil. A qualidade alimentar foi avaliada pelo Indice de Qualidade da Dieta Revisado (IQD-R). Foram estimadas medias do IQD-R segundo as variaveis independentes e desenvolvido modelo de regressao linear multipla para as analises ajustadas. Os segmentos de idosos que apresentaram escores superiores de qualidade da dieta foram os de 80 anos e mais, evangelicos, que praticavam atividade fisica de lazer e os diabeticos; escores inferiores foram observados nos que residiam com tres ou mais pessoas, nos tabagistas e nos que relataram preferencia por refrigerantes e bebidas alcoolicas. Os achados apontam para a necessidade de melhora da qualidade da dieta dos idosos em geral, mas especialmente nos segmentos com outros comportamentos nao saudaveis, indicando, ainda, a relevância de intervencoes integradas e nao focadas em um fator.The aim of this study was to assess the quality of diet among the elderly and associations with socio-demographic variables, health-related behaviors, and diseases. A population-based cross-sectional study was conducted in a representative sample of 1,509 elderly participants in a health survey in Campinas, São Paulo State, Brazil. Food quality was assessed using the Revised Diet Quality Index (DQI-R). Mean index scores were estimated and a multiple regression model was employed for the adjusted analyses. The highest diet quality scores were associated with age 80 years or older, Evangelical religion, diabetes mellitus, and physical activity, while the lowest scores were associated with home environments shared with three or more people, smoking, and consumption of soft drinks and alcoholic beverages. The findings emphasize a general need for diet quality improvements in the elderly, specifically in subgroups with unhealthy behaviors, who should be targeted with comprehensive strategies.

Are normal-weight adolescents satisfied with their weight?

CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVE The high prevalence of obesity has led to public policies for combating it. People with normal weight may gain greater awareness of this issue and change their perceptions of their weight. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of body weight dissatisfaction among normal-weight adolescents, according to demographic and socioeconomic variables, health-related behavior and morbidities. DESIGN AND SETTING Population-based cross-sectional study that used data from a health survey conducted in the city of Campinas, São Paulo, in 2008-2009. METHODS The prevalence and prevalence ratios of weight dissatisfaction were estimated according to independent variables, by means of simple and multiple Poisson regression. RESULTS 573 normal-weight adolescents aged 10 to 19 years (mean age 14.7 years) were analyzed. The prevalence of weight dissatisfaction was 43.7% (95% confidence interval, CI: 37.8-49.8). Higher prevalences of weight dissatisfaction were observed among females, individuals aged 15 to 19 years, those whose households had eight or more domestic appliances, former smokers, individuals who reported alcohol intake and those who had one or more chronic diseases. Lower prevalence of dissatisfaction was observed among adolescents living in substandard housing. Among the normal-weight adolescents, 26.1% wished to lose weight and 17.6% wished to gain weight. CONCLUSION The results from this study indicate that even when weight is seen to be within the normal range, a high proportion of adolescents express dissatisfaction with their weight, especially females, older adolescents and those of higher socioeconomic level.

Fatores associados ao baixo peso em idosos comunitários de sete cidades brasileiras: Estudo FIBRA

The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of being underweight among the elderly according to demographic and socioeconomic characteristics, health-related behaviors, diseases and health status. This was a cross-sectional multi-center study with 3,478 community-dwelling elders (≥ 65 years). The dependent variable was the prevalence of being underweight, classified by Body Mass Index < 22kg/m2. Adjusted prevalence rate ratios were estimated using multivariable Poisson regression. The mean age was 72.9 years and 12.0% of the elderly were underweight (CI95%:10.9-13.1). Aged elderly ≥ 80 years, former and current smokers, those who reported appetite loss and those classified as pre-frail or frail (PR=1.41; CI95%:1.09-1.82) presented a higher prevalence of being underweight. Individuals who received medical diagnosis of hypertension, diabetes and rheumatism had the lowest underweight prevalence observed. The results highlight the importance of nutritional status assessment and monitoring among the elderly, with emphasis on the most vulnerable subgroups, particularly the frail elderly, taking into account the health consequences of low weight.The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of being underweight among the elderly according to demographic and socioeconomic characteristics, health-related behaviors, diseases and health status. This was a cross-sectional multi-center study with 3,478 community-dwelling elders (≥ 65 years). The dependent variable was the prevalence of being underweight, classified by Body Mass Index < 22kg/m2. Adjusted prevalence rate ratios were estimated using multivariable Poisson regression. The mean age was 72.9 years and 12.0% of the elderly were underweight (CI95%:10.9-13.1). Aged elderly ≥ 80 years, former and current smokers, those who reported appetite loss and those classified as pre-frail or frail (PR=1.41; CI95%:1.09-1.82) presented a higher prevalence of being underweight. Individuals who received medical diagnosis of hypertension, diabetes and rheumatism had the lowest underweight prevalence observed. The results highlight the importance of nutritional status assessment and monitoring among the elderly, with emphasis on the most vulnerable subgroups, particularly the frail elderly, taking into account the health consequences of low weight.

Hipertensão arterial autorreferida em adultos residentes em Campinas, São Paulo, Brasil: prevalência, fatores associados e práticas de controle em estudo de base populacional

OBJECTIVES Evaluate the prevalence of self-reported hypertension in adults aged 20 to 59 years as well as identify associated factors, the use of health services and disease control practices according to the possession or not of a private healthcare plan. METHODS A population-based, cross-sectional study was conducted in the city of Campinas, Brazil, involving 957 adults. RESULTS The prevalence of self-reported hypertension was 14.1%, with greater frequencies found among women, individuals aged ≥ 40 years, those who declared their skin color to be black, those with less schooling, those who did not practice active leisure activities, ex-smokers, overweight or obese individuals and those who rated their own health as not being excellent/very good. No inequalities were detected between individuals with hypertension covered by a private healthcare plan or the Brazilian public healthcare system with regard to access to services, the use of disease-controlling medications and having received counseling on how to manage the disease. However, differences were found regarding the practice of physical activity and diet. CONCLUSION Despite the equity disclosed in access to health care, the present findings demonstrate that an insufficient proportion of adults adopt changes in lifestyle to control hypertension, underscoring the central role of public health administrators.Resumo O objetivo deste artigo e avaliar a prevalencia de hipertensao arterial autorreferida em adultos de 20-59 anos, identificar os fatores associados, o uso dos servicos de saude e as praticas de controle da doenca segundo posse ou nao de plano de saude. Estudo transversal de base populacional realizado em Campinas-SP, em que foram analisados 957 adultos. A prevalencia de hipertensao arterial autorreferida foi de 14,1%, revelando-se mais elevada em mulheres, em individuos com ≥ 40 anos, nos que se declararam de cor preta, com menor escolaridade, nos inativos no lazer, ex-fumantes, naqueles com sobrepeso ou obesidade, nos que relataram duas ou mais doencas e que autoavaliaram a saude como nao sendo excelente/muito boa. Nao foram detectadas desigualdades entre hipertensos cobertos por planos de saude e os SUS dependentes quanto ao acesso ao servico, uso de medicamentos para controle da doenca e ser orientado sobre os cuidados com a doenca, mas houve diferencas quanto a pratica de atividade fisica e o uso de dieta. Apesar da equidade revelada quanto ao acesso a atencao a saude, e incipiente a proporcao de adultos que adota mudancas no estilo de vida para o controle da doenca, reafirmando o papel central da gestao das politicas de saude, que precisam trabalhar intersetorialmente