Dannie Jost

Laser pulse width dependent surface ripples on silicon

Scanned irradiation of a Si (111) crystal with a focused cw mode‐locked argon or neodymium:yttrium aluminum garnet laser to its melting threshold has generated a type of surface morphology, ripples, with a periodicity which is dependent on the laser pulse width. We interpret these ripples as being a thermoelastically generated surface acoustic wave frozen out on the crystal surface.

The Prospects of TRIPS-Plus Protection in Future Mega-Regionals

This chapter argues for the necessity of inclusiveness of all stakeholders and the balance between public and private interests in the negotiation of future intellectual property clauses in regional and mega-regional trade and investment agreements. Since the conclusion of the TRIPS agreements in 1994, negotiations of trade and investment agreements have resulted in a series of ‘plus’ clauses that point towards overwhelming lobbying success of corporations in defending private commercial agendas while the interests of the public, be it as consumers, citizens or states are neglected. Driven by curiosity as to what might be in store for future mega-regionals such as the TTIP, we trace the emergence of these plus-clauses, sketch their development, and advise negotiators of future intellectual property clauses in trade and investment agreements to make use of the academic discourse and to deliver on democratic values.

Vereint das Universum hacken

Konkurrenz belebt das Geschaft? Das ist ein alter Hut. Aber es gibt langst einen neuen Trend zum Erfolg. Am CERN machen sie’s, am MIT machen sie’s, im FabLab, bei Hackathons – Open Source ist die Grundlage fur viele der innovativsten Forschungsprojekte, fur viele lukrative Geschaftsmodelle. Und dabei ist das Konzept uralt. Es heist: Zusammenarbeit.

Innovation and Development in the Age of Climate Change Adaptation: Open or Closed?

Change Adaptation: Open or Closed? Paper read at the Second African International Economic Law Network Conference, 7-8 March 2013, Wits School of Law, Johannesburg, South Africa. In a time of rapid convergence of technologies, goods, services, hardware, software, the traditional classifications that informed past treaties fail to remove legal uncertainty, or advance welfare and innovation. As a result, we turn our attention to the role and needs of the public domain at the interface of existing intellectual property rights and new modes of creation, production and distribution of goods and services. The concept of open culture would have it that knowledge should be spread freely and its growth should come from further developing existing works on the basis of sharing and collaboration without the shackles of intellectual property. Intellectual property clauses find their way into regional, multilateral, bilateral and free trade agreements more often than not, and can cause public discontent and incite unrest. Many of these intellectual property clauses raise the bar on protection beyond the clauses found in the WTO Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS). In this paper we address the question of the protection and development of the public domain in service of open innovation in accord with Article 15 of the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights (ICESCR) in light of the Objectives (Article 7) and Principles (Article 8) set forth in TRIPS. Once areas of divergence and reinforcement between the intellectual property regime and human rights have been discussed, we will enter into options that allow for innovation and prosperity in the global south. We then conclude by discussing possible policy developments.

Is there a case to be made for a global patent system? The example of plant biotechnology

abstract The assessment of patterns of patentability in plant biotechnology on the basis of existing statistics shows a considerable concentration of patents to a few countries, in particular the United States, Australia, Japan, China, Mexico, Brazil, Germany, Canada, New Zealand, South Korea, India, Spain and Hungary. These patterns suggest that there is a clear relationship between the choice ofpatent jurisdictions and the biotechnology regulatory framework. This observation of the geographic distribution of biotechnology patents lends credence to maintaining a system of territorial rights that allow for regulatory competition, but continuing the process of substantive patent law harmonization which potentially minimize trade barriers,

What TRIPS is and what it is not

For industry people, journalists, activists, lawyers, diplomats, national legislators, and students of the World Trade Organizations Agreement on Trade-related Aspects of Intellectual Property (TRIPS) has awesome proportions. These are magnified by the fact that these groups lack detailed knowledge of either IP as such or international trade law. IP involves a broad spread of academic specialists and practitioners covering heterogeneous complex regimes of patents, copyright, trade marks, design, undisclosed information (trade secrets), and geographical indications. IP, and subsequently TRIPS, is the meeting point of many stakeholders and actors with conflicting interests spread between market aspirations and concepts of public good. In a globalized economy with deep interconnections across sectors, national borders challenged by inchoate technologies, dynamic social stakeholders, and converging technologies, it is fundamental to have a clear and uncluttered understanding of this Agreement. That is because TRIPS impinges on trade in many products of daily life, from pharmaceuticals to entertainment electronics, as well as mitigating and adaptive technologies for climate change and sustainable development. Given its saliency and ubiquity in economic life, TRIPS has often generated misunderstanding and controversy in the public debate. To complicate matters, technical and legal issues at the interface of technology, IP, and trade remain the province of an eclectic band of specialists and on the radar of interest groups with goals on opposite poles.

Surface Generation of Rayleigh Waves by Picosecond Laser Pulses

Scanned irradiation of a silicon single crystal surface with a focused cw mode locked laser to its melting threshold generates ripples with a periodicity which is dependent on the laser pulse duration. In this paper we discuss the interaction of one discrete laser pulse with the crystalline lattice in order to elucidate the generating mechanism responsible for these ripples.

Generation of rayleigh waves by picosecond laser pulses

Abstract In this paper we present the fundamental mechanism which we hold responsible for generation of high frequency Rayleigh waves by picosecond laser pulses on a single crystal surface of Silicon. These Rayleigh waves have been recorded as ripples frozen out on the surface of the crystal upon irradiation with a focused cw mode-locked laser.