Davendra Kumar

Optimizing the Path Loss of Wireless Indoor Propagation Models Using CSP Algorithms

Constraint programming is the study of computational system based on constraints. The idea of constraint programming is to solve problem by stating constraints about the problem and consequently finding the solution satisfying all the constraints. In this paper the application of constraint satisfaction programming is used in predicting the path loss of various indoor propagation models using chronological backtrack algorithm, which is basic algorithm of CSP. After predicting the path loss at different set of parameters such as frequencies(f), floor attenuation factor(faf), path loss cofficient(n), penetration attenuation factor(paf), we find the optimum set of parameter (frequency (f), floor attenuation factor(faf), path loss cofficient(n), penetration attenuation factor(paf) at which path loss is minimum. The Branch and bound algorithm is used to optimized the constraint satisfaction problem. The comparison of the models are analysed with and without CSPs.

Effect of organic and inorganic nutrient on growth, yield and profitability of turmeric (Curcuma Longa L.)

A field experiment was conducted during 2011–12 and 2012–13 at HRC of Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel University of Agriculture and Technology, Meerut. To investigate the effect of different organic and inorganic nutrients on growth, yield and economics of turmeric cultivation. The experiment was laid out in Randomized Block Design with ten treatments combination and three replications. Application of different combinations of organic and inorganic nutrientsinfluenced the growth and yield of turmeric variety AZAD HALDI-1. The results revealed that the combined applications of 125% NPK (188: 75: 135 kg ha-1)i.e. T6 increased plant height, number of leaves/plant, number of shoot/Plant, weight of rhizome and dry yield of rhizome. While minimum of these were observed in the absolute control i.e. T1. Highest rhizome yield (11.54 &12.15 t ha-1) with maximumbenefit-cost ratio (3.5 & 3.8) was obtained in the treatment combination T6 and the lowest yield (5.75 & 5.93 t ha-1) was obtained in thetreatment T1with minimum benefit-cost ratio (1.4 &1.5).

Effect of different nutrient levels on yield and yield attributing characters and sources on the quality (oil contents and curcumin) of turmeric (Curcuma longa L.)

The investigation was carried out using various research materials and analytical techniques at Horticulture Research Center of Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel University of Agriculture and Technology, Meerut, UP, India. To achieve the objectives 10 different treatments were tested in randomized block design with three replications. The treatments description is (T1)-Control, (T2)-00% NPK RDF (150: 60: 108 kg ha−1), (T3)-125% N+RDF PK (188: 60: 108 kg ha−1), (T4)-125% P + RDF NK (150: 75: 108 kg ha−1), (T5)-125% K +RDF PN (150: 60: 135 kg ha−1), (T6)-125% NPK (188: 75: 135 kg ha−1), (T7)-100% NPK + FYM @ 20 tha−1, (T8)-75% NPK + FYM @ 30 tha−1, (T9)-50% NPK + FYM @50 tha−1 and (T10)-25%NPK + FYM @ 80 tha−1. At 45 DAP, the maximum and minimum plant height was recorded in T1 and T6 during both the years. At 90 DAP, plant height of turmeric varied from 29.67 to 69.00 cm during 2011–12 and 29.07 to 66.73 cm during 2012–13. At this stage also, the treatment effect on plant height was similar to that observed at 45 DAP. The plant height at 135 DAP, varied from 37.40 to 85.77 cm during 2011–12 &, 35.33 to 81.33 cm during 2012–13. In the treatments of integration, number of leaves increased from the numbers recorded in previous stage during both the years. Maximum number of leaves at this stage was recorded in T7 during both the years. The highest yield contributing character with about 45% share in total yield is mother rhizomes which is most important character. It varied from 7.83 to 18.32 tha−1 and 8.07 to 19.28 tha−1 during 2011–12 and 2012–13, respectively. Minimum and maximum values were given by control and T6, respectively. T7 was not significantly different from T6. Minimum and maximum content was found in T1 and T6, respectively. The next highest value was obtained in T7. Approximately 55% increase in curcumin in T6 was found due to addition application of 25% NPK over control. The results were significant over control and within different treatments.

Evaluation of Heterosis for Seed Yield and Its Contributing Traits in Garden Pea (Pisum Sativum L.)

Study was conducted to estimate heterosis in garden pea (Pisum sativum L.) involving fifteen parents in line x tester fashion for seed yield and its contributing traits in thirty six hybrids. Twelve parents were used as line and three as tester. The hybrids along with their parents were evaluated to assess heterosis. Among the hybrids, KS- 205 X E-6 has recorded maximum heterosis as well as good performance for seed yield with 51.67 and 48.88 percent heterosis over better parent and mid parents respectively followed by KS-216 x E-6 with 50.14 and 42.78 percent heterosis over better parent and mid parents respectively. These crosses also found to be good performer in terms of plant height, productive branches per plant, pods per plant, 100-seed weight, number of seeds per pod, 100-seed weight, pod width and pod length. High heterosis for seed yield demonstrates the presence of commercially exploitable magnitude of heterosis which can bring the quantum jump in productivity of Garden pea.

Studies on Combining Ability Through Line x Tester Analysis in Garden Pea (PIsum Sativum L.)

This research was carried out to investigation the genetic structure of the 36 F1 garden pea hybrids established from 12 female parents (Line) and three male parents (Tester), to determine parents showing general combining ability (GCA) and determine crosses showing specific combining ability (SCA). Broad genetic variability was observed among the genotypes. Estimates of variance due to GCA and SCA and their ratio revealed predominantly non-additive gene effects for all studied traits. While line KS-156 and KS-256 were the best general combiners among the parents, KS-175 X E-6 was the best cross for seed yield. Hybrids generally showed grater yield potential than their parental genotypes.

Microwave Assisted Synthesis of Highly Luminescent ZnS Nanostructures Using Zinc Dithiocarbazic Complex Chemical Route

Bis(parahydroxyacetophenonebenzyldithiocarbazate) zinc(II) and bis(acetophenonebenzyldithiocarbazate) zinc(II) complexes have been synthesized. Zinc sulphide nanostructures were obtained from both complexes at different deposition temperatures using microwave assisted chemical route. The surface morphology of as-prepared ZnS nanoparticles were obtained using X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and high transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM). Particles with spherical shape are shown in the TEM images of these samples. The optical properties of the particles studied by UV–Vis and photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy showed evidence of quantum confinement.