David C. Herting

VITAMIN E CONTENT OF VEGETABLE OILS AND FATS.

Analyses of vegetable oils or fats from 17 different plant types showed as low as zero jug of a-tocopherol/g of castor bean and linseed oils and as high as 1276 Mg/g of wheat germ oil.

Thin-layer chromatography with precoated alumina sheets : II. Application to tocopherols☆

Abstract Tocopherols in biologic materials were isolated by extraction, saponification and chromatography of the non-saponifiable lipids on Estman alumina Chromagram sheets. Resolutions were usually superior to those obtained on glass plates coated with alumina. results obtained with 21 samples compared favorably with those obtained by column chromatography on MgHPO i4 ; and the alumina sheets were both faster and more readily available than suitable MgHPO 4 .

Lipogranuloma from dietary saturated fats: Production and reversal

Abstract Lipogranuloma, a foreign-body-type reaction in adipose tissue, was observed in rats fed diets containing 35–50% levels of saturated fatty acids fed as palmitic acid, stearic acid, ethyl stearate, hydrogenated lard, or monoglycerides or acetylated monoglycerides made from hydrogenated lard. The incidence and severity of the reaction were approximately parallel to the amount of saturated fatty acid absorbed. Control groups fed lard or triacetin did not develop lipogranuloma during the 48-week test period. Replacing the diets containing saturated fat with one containing 20% corn oil led to prompt diminution (evident in all groups after 8 weeks) and eventual disappearance (essentially absent from all groups after 24 weeks) of the lipogranuloma. After reversal of the reaction, the adipose tissue showed no signs of damage.

Determination of 9-cis isomers of vitamin A by reaction with opsin☆☆☆

Abstract A procedure is described for the determination of the 9-cis components in pure or concentrated mixtures of vitamin A isomers. The method includes: saponification of esters; low temperature desterolization; purification of retinols on alumina; oxidation of retinols with MnO2; and specific reaction of 9-cis-retinals with opsin, a protein from the retina, to form isorhodopsin (λmax = 487 mμ). As little as 0.25 μg of 9-cis isomers can be determined, with an average recovery of 96 ± 7% S.D. Application of the procedure to liver oils from fish, cattle, sheep, pigs, and rats showed 9-cis isomer contents ranging from 1 to 30% of total vitamin A.

The lipide-bound volatile acids of animal fats.

Abstract Volatile acids have been recovered from saponified fats by steamdistillation. Identification of the acids was accomplished by paper chromatography of their hydroxamate derivatives. Analyses of various tissue fats from the rat, dog, and guinea pig, and of human blood lipides showed small amounts of lipide-bound volatile acids in every fat tested. Feeding distilled, acetylated monoglycerides to rats at dietary levels up to 50% increased the lipide-bound, steam-distillable acids in blood but not in tissue fats or carcass fat. The low levels of these acids which were found in tissue fats from a dog fed a standard dog meal were not elevated by feeding a diet containing 25% distilled, acetylated monoglycerides.