David S. Waddy

Fast state of polarization changes in aerial fiber under different climatic conditions

The state of polarization (SOP) is measured in aerial fiber during winter and summer. Correlations are made between the SOP changing and the current weather to search for the reason of the fastest SOP fluctuations. The fastest SOP changes are found to be faster than 10 ms, which is limited by the resolution of the measurements.

A dynamical polarization mode dispersion emulator

A polarization mode dispersion (PMD) emulator is presented which accurately follows the dynamics of PMD in field optical fiber. A modification on a dynamic mode coupling wave-plate model is presented to model the emulator. It is found that the emulator and model can accurately describe the dynamical behavior of the state of polarization and thus PMD in a field fiber. The emulator is shown to be repeatable. Generally, the dynamical PMD emulator is shown to cause more realistic bit-error-rate degradation than a classical PMD emulator.

Theoretical and experimental study of the dynamics of polarization-mode dispersion

The dynamic distribution of the state of polarization (SOP) is studied theoretically and experimentally for aerial fibers with a finite polarization-mode dispersion (PMD). A dynamic mode coupling wave-plate model is proposed to describe the SOP correlation and account for the PMD variations. It is found that the model can closely describe the experimental dynamic correlation of the SOP for an aerial fiber. A new algorithm for PMD emulation is developed.

Effect of local PMD and PDL directional correlation on the principal state of polarization vector autocorrelation.

The effect of local PMD and PDL directional correlation is considered for the first time in a single mode fiber communication link. It is shown that the autocorrelation between the real and imaginary part of the complex principal state vector is nonzero in general. Experimental results verifying the local correlation between PMD and PDL directional are reported.

The measurement of fast state of polarization changes in aerial fiber

The state of polarization was measured of an aerial fiber over a six-day period. An upper limit of the state of polarization changes in aerial fiber was observed as 1.824 seconds. This gave an indication of how fast the polarization mode dispersion changes.

Characterization of the growths of UV-induced birefringence in effective mode index and index modulation in fiber Bragg gratings

The ultraviolet-induced polarization-mode dispersion and polarization-dependent loss of fiber Bragg gratings in single-mode fibers (SMF-28) are characterized in a real-time and in situ fashion during grating inscription. For the first time, the growths in birefringence of both the effective mode index and the index modulation are presented.

Autocorrelation function of the principal State of polarization vector for systems having PMD

The autocorrelation function (ACF) for the principal state of polarization (PSP) vector is reported. It is shown that the PSP vector ACF and the magnitude of the polarization-mode dispersion vector, i.e., the differential group delay (DGD) ACF are not independent. The PSP vector correlation bandwidth is verified to be narrower than that of the DGD.

Polarization dependent loss autocorrelation in the presence of combined polarization-mode dispersion and polarization dependent losses in optical fibers

We report the autocorrelation function (ACF) of polarization dependent loss (PDL) in optical systems having polarization mode dispersion (PMD). A characteristic PDL ACF is derived. It is shown that the PDL autocorrelation bandwidth is proportional to the inverse of the mean PMD and the proportionality constant is a function of mean PDL. Monte Carlo simulations of the autocorrelation functions confirm the analytical results.

Fast PMD and PDL measurement of aerial fiber

The fastest sampling of PMD (polarization-mode dispersion) of an aerial fiber is presented and aerial fiber PDL (polarization dependent loss) is studied for the first time. PMD and PDL are shown to be loosely correlated. PMD is shown to change at a rate <800 /spl mu/s.

Statistics of Relative Orientation of Principal States of Polarization in the presence of PMD and PDL

The angle between the principal state of polarization fast and slow modes is investigated. In the presence of polarization dependent loss the angle is shown to become non-orthogonal and vary statistically. It is found that the statistics of the angle only depends on polarization dependent loss and is independent of polarization mode dispersion. This phenomena is investigated through experiments and simulations.