Saeed Hadjifaradji

Effect of local PMD and PDL directional correlation on the principal state of polarization vector autocorrelation.

The effect of local PMD and PDL directional correlation is considered for the first time in a single mode fiber communication link. It is shown that the autocorrelation between the real and imaginary part of the complex principal state vector is nonzero in general. Experimental results verifying the local correlation between PMD and PDL directional are reported.

PMD-PDL Emulator Designs for Low Interchannel Correlation

We report the design of limited sections of polarization-mode dispersion and polarization-dependent loss (PMD-PDL) emulators that lead to the lowest averaged frequency interchannel correlation in the wavelength-division-multiplexed systems. We show that emulators with the elements with the minimum PMD and PDL values at the end of the emulator setting with respect to the light propagation have the lowest averaged frequency autocorrelation in the neighboring channels, therefore, the lowest averaged frequency interchannel correlation. Both experiments and simulations are performed to confirm the design principle

Autocorrelation function of the principal State of polarization vector for systems having PMD

The autocorrelation function (ACF) for the principal state of polarization (PSP) vector is reported. It is shown that the PSP vector ACF and the magnitude of the polarization-mode dispersion vector, i.e., the differential group delay (DGD) ACF are not independent. The PSP vector correlation bandwidth is verified to be narrower than that of the DGD.

Polarization dependent loss autocorrelation in the presence of combined polarization-mode dispersion and polarization dependent losses in optical fibers

We report the autocorrelation function (ACF) of polarization dependent loss (PDL) in optical systems having polarization mode dispersion (PMD). A characteristic PDL ACF is derived. It is shown that the PDL autocorrelation bandwidth is proportional to the inverse of the mean PMD and the proportionality constant is a function of mean PDL. Monte Carlo simulations of the autocorrelation functions confirm the analytical results.

Analytic optical eye diagram evaluation in the presence of polarization-mode dispersion, polarization-dependent loss, and chromatic dispersion in dynamic single-mode fiber communication networks

We report on an exact analytic method to evaluate the optical eye diagram due to polarization-mode dispersion (PMD), polarization-dependent loss (PDL), and chromatic dispersion (CD) in dynamic fiber links for any given optical pulse sequence. With this method we consider all orders of PMD and PDL, and we obtain the time-dependent average output light intensity as well as its corresponding variations. With this method we can obtain accurate impairment evaluations for communication systems due to given PMD, PDL, and CD. Time jitter caused by the PMD and PDL polarization direction correlation is also discussed.

Eye diagram evaluation in single mode fibers having polarization mode dispersion, polarization dependent loss and chromatic dispersion

We present analytical studies of output intensity fluctuations of systems having PMD, PDL and CD. Analytical expressions for autocorrelation functions are derived. Results applied to different modulation formats lead to analytical evaluations of eye diagrams.

Principal state vector autocorrelation in a fiber optic system having both polarization-mode dispersion and polarization-dependent loss

A combination of polarization mode dispersion (PMD) and polarization dependent loss (PDL) in a fiber optic system will lead to a complex principal state vector. We report the autocorrelation function (ACF) for such a complex principal state vector. It is shown that the correlation bandwidth decreases with the increasing PDL.

Analytic optical eye diagram evaluation for a system of highly mode-coupled PMD/PDL fiber and lumped sections

We give an analytical expression to evaluate the optical eye diagram due to polarization-mode dispersion (PMD), polarization-dependent loss (PDL), and chromatic dispersion (CD) for a system of highly mode coupled fiber with lumped section at any given optical pulse sequence. We found that with considering PDL and the polarization direction correlation between PMD and PDL, a system with highly mode coupled fiber and lumped section can have either higher or lower Q-factor than a highly mode coupled system with same root mean square PDL/PMD values. Also we noticed that a system of two highly mode coupled fibers connected together is not equivalent to a system of highly mode coupled fiber when fluctuation is considered.

Analytical evaluation of the effect of amplifier noise on eye diagram for communication systems having PMD, PDL, and CD

We present an analytical method to evaluate the effect of EDFA amplifier noise on the optical eye diagram for the system having PMD, PDL and CD in dynamic fiber links for any given optical pulse sequence. The method considers a single EDFA amplifier at the end of a fiber and considers all orders of PMD and PDL of the fiber. It gives the time dependent average output light intensity as well as its corresponding variations as a function of the amplifier noise, PMD, PDL and CD. Also the performance of the system is discussed for various parameters as well as the effect of OSNR on the systems Q-factor.

Eye diagram evaluation of WDM DPSK fiber optical system in presence of PMD, PDL, and CD

An analytic model is reported to evaluate the electric output signals and their variance (Eye Diagram) for multi channel high-speed DPSK fiber optical system in presence of polarization mode dispersion (PMD), polarization dependent loss (PDL) and chromatic dispersion (CD). It is also found that even under linear cross talks, the balanced receiver output show a strong asymmetric phenomenon if adjacent channels are non synchronous.