Deborah Pedrosa Moreira

Aspectos relacionados à administração e conservação de vacinas em centros de saúde no Nordeste do Brasil

O estudo caracteriza a experiencia e atualizacao do conhecimento sobre imunizacao da equipe de enfermagem responsavel pelas salas de vacinas, descreve as condicoes de trabalho nesse setor a partir da visao dessa equipe e identifica os procedimentos e atividades diarias realizados por esses profissionais. Trata-se de estudo transversal, realizado em 2007, nas salas de vacinas de 11 Centros de Saude da Familia (CSF) em Fortaleza (CE), com a participacao de 22 profissionais da equipe de enfermagem. Utilizou check-list e questionario autoaplicavel como instrumentos de coleta. Entre as participantes, 44,4% das enfermeiras e 30,8% dos tecnicos/auxiliares tem mais de cinco anos de experiencia; 55,6% das enfermeiras nao possuiam treinamento em vacinas; 88,9% das enfermeiras e 76,9% dos outros profissionais se mantem atualizados consultando livros, manuais e Internet. Detectaram-se lacunas quanto a estrutura fisica, verificacao e registro do mapa de temperatura e orientacoes sobre os efeitos posvacinais na maioria das salas estudadas. O estudo sinaliza que gerenciar o trabalho com imunobiologicos requer conhecimento e treinamento especifico para que se possa ofertar servico de qualidade e que nao comprometa a erradicacao e o controle de doencas imunopreveniveis.

Exposição à violência entre adolescentes de uma comunidade de baixa renda no Nordeste do Brasil

O estudo analisou a exposicao dos adolescentes a violencia, considerando o acesso a arma, o uso abusivo de alcool e/ou uso de drogas ilicitas e sua autoestima, e investigou a influencia de fatores socioeconomicos, escolares e caracteristicas familiares com a exposicao a esse fenomeno. Estudo transversal, realizado em Fortaleza, Ceara, em 2009, com 458 adolescentes. Foram utilizados questionarios e/ou entrevistas estruturadas para coleta dos dados e na analise aplicamos o teste de correlacao de Pearson, com a confiabilidade de 95%. Ao correlacionar a exposicao do adolescente a violencia com as variaveis naturalidade (p = 0,020), tempo de estudo em anos (p = 0,009), absenteismo escolar (p < 0,001), responsavel financeiro pela familia (p = 0,007), pais ou responsaveis etilistas (p < 0,001), relacoes familiares boas/muito boas (p = 0,009) e a nao satisfacao dos pais com amizades de seus filhos (p < 0,001), identificamos associacao direta. Assim, e necessario que as politicas publicas enfoquem rede de apoio ao cuidado com o adolescente e que os centros urbanos organizem-se social e politicamente na busca pela compreensao dos efeitos da exposicao a violencia em adolescentes de comunidades de baixa renda.

Relatos de gestores da Assistência Social, Educação e Segurança Pública sobre o enfrentamento da violência

The study examines the perception of municipal managers in fighting violence against children and adolescents. With qualitative approach and inquiries about policies and actions implemented to prevent and confront the phenomenon, 25 education, welfare and public safety managers from 13 municipalities in the metropolitan region of Fortaleza, in 2010 and 2011 participated. The content analysis in the thematic mode enabled the data interpretation. Sexual abuse, neglect and child labor stood subsumed by structural violence, socioeconomic inequality, family vulnerability and drug addiction. The lack of public resources, the sectoral breakdown, the slow pace of justice, the paucity of public policies and the managers’ unpreparedness were some mishaps mentioned by participants. The phenomenon plural character demands government segments integration at the iniquities aggregated to the genesis and violence extent.

Determinação de fatores de risco para a queda infantil a partir do modelo Calgary de avaliação familiar - doi:10.5020/18061230.2010.p101

Objective: To determine risk factors for falls in children based on the Calgary Family Assessment Model (CFAM). Method: A qualitative approach, in which we interviewed six relatives of children who were admitted to an emergency hospital in Fortaleza, Ceara due to fall in the period from August to September, 2005. According to the CFAM we did the genogram and eco-map of two families (1) and (2). Results: By the genogram and eco-map of the families, we observed that (1) is a single parent family with six children, Roman Catholic, earns one minimum wage and attends both school and Family Health Basic Unit (UBSF). (2) is a nuclear family, with two children, Roman Catholic, earns three or more minimum wages and attends school, work and UBSF. Conclusion: The Calgary Family Assessment Model enabled to know the family structures of the children who had suffered falls and helped in defining the risk factors that exist within families and social environments in which these children attend. Family income, number of children, the presence or absence of fathers, schooling and lack of spaces for education support represent risk factors for these accidents.

Notificação de direitos violados segundo o Sistema de Informação par a Infância e Adolescência (SIPIA) no Nordeste brasileiro - doi:10.5020/18061230.2011.p313

Objective: To analyze allegations of violated rights of children and adolescents, received by child protection councils in the Northeast of Brazil in a time series of six years (2002 - 2007), through the Information System for Childhood and Adolescence (SIPIA). Methods: A descriptive study with quantitative approach, in a time series for the period 2002 to 2007, to identify information pertaining to violence against children and adolescents in the Northeast, through official secondary data. We studied 82,175 complaints, which allowed the analysis of the characteristics of the offender, the victims and location of the violation of such rights in the studied group. Results: Data indicate that 52.5% (n=43,203) of victims were male, 57.7% (n=47,437) comprised the age group 0-11 years, 70.3% (n=57,781) of cases of rights violations against children and adolescents registered in this period were committed by family members and relatives. Parents stood out as those that most violated rights of their children, with 55.4% (n=45,557). Conclusion: These results confirm the underreporting of notifications in SIPIA in some states of this region, although the study has shown that the violation of rights of children and adolescents is a present fact in the Northeast region of Brazil.