Dejan Djokovic

Variability of essential oils of Satureja montana L. and Satureja kitaibelii Wierzb. ex Heuff. from the central part of the Balkan peninsula

The results of the essential oil composition confirm that there are differences between populations within the same subspecies (Satureja montana ssp. montana, between the subspecies (Satureja montana ssp. montana and Satureja montana ssp. pisidica) and the species (Satureja montana and S. kitabelii). The essential oil composition of S. montana ssp. montana is more related to the Satureja montana ssp. pisidica than S. kitaibelii which separates as a whole species.

Chemical Composition and Antimicrobial Activities of Essential Oils of Myrrhis odorata (L.) Scop, Hypericum perforatum L and Helichrysum arenarium (L.) Moench

Abstract The chemical composition and antimicrobial activities of essential oils isolated from Myrrhis odorata, Hypericum perforatum and Helichrysum arenarium were investigated against seven bacterial and six fungal species. Activity against the bacteria and C. albicans were investigated by a bioautographic test on TLC plates, while all the other fungi were tested by a microdilution test. The oil of H. arenarium showed the best antibacterial activity, while M. odorata oil showed the lowest effect, to compare with commercial products. In contrast, the best antifungal activity was observed for M. odorata oil, while H. arenarium showed the lowest antifungal potential. Minimal inhibitory and fungicidal concentrations for fungi were 0.5–120 μg/mL. The oil of M. odorata showed better activity then commercial product and it can be seen that this oil is very effective against all fungi tested.

Essential Oil of Anthemis montana

Abstract The essential oil of Anthemis montana L. (Asteraceae) has been analyzed using GC and GC/MS. Forty-two components were identified. The major fractions belonged to α-thujone (46.9%), β-thujone (16.0%), and trans-chrysanthemyl acetate (11.3%) amounting up to 74.2% of the total oil content.

Composition and Antibacterial Activity of Achillea asplenifolia Essential Oil

Abstract The oil of a wild growing population of Achillea asplenifolia Vent, was studied for yield, composition and antibacterial activity. The major components in the oil were β-caryophyllene (17.6%), germacrene D (15.6%) and chamazulene (13.3%). In an antibacterial diffusion assay, the oil showed activity against all tested Gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa) and Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus.

Composition and Antibacterial Activity of Achillea chrysocoma Essential Oil

Abstract Essential oil of Achillea chrysocoma Friv. was investigated for composition and antibacterial activity. Twenty-eight identified compounds constituted 91.5% of the oil. The main compounds of the oil were borneol (10.1%), terpinen-4-ol (9.2%), cis-p-menth-2-en-1-ol (8.2%) and trans-p-menth-2-en-1-ol (7.9%). Antibacterial tests showed pronounced activity of the oil against Gram-negative bacteria Klebsiella pneumoniae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

Composition of Carlina acanthifolia Root Essential Oil

The root of Carlina acanthifolia All. (Asteraceae) contained 1.0% of essential oil (expressed in g per 100 g of dried plant material). Using GC and GC/MS, nine components were identified (100% of total oil). The structure of benzyl 2-furylacetylene (carlina oxide), which is the principal component of the oil (91.5%), was spectrometrically identified.

ENDEMIC PLANT SPECIES OF SARA MOUNTAIN. PART VI. ESSENTIAL OIL OF AHCILLEA CHRYSOCOMA

Abstract Achillea chrysocoma Friv. (Asteraceae) is an endemic plant of the Balkan peninsula. Herb of this yarrow contained up to 0.2% of essential oil. The oil was analyzed by GC and GC/MS and 48 of the 79 detected peaks were identified. The major constituent was 1,8-cineole (17.0%).

Phase-transfer catalysis in the alkylation reaction of α-naphthol with epichlorohydrin

Abstract A new method for the selective alkylation of α-naphthol with epichlorohydrin using quaternary ammonium salts as phase-transfer catalysts has been developed. The reaction was investigated under the conditions of both two- and three-phase catalysis, and the reaction products were identified and characterized by chromatographic and spectrometric methods. It was possible to optimise both processes in such a manner that the main product was a compound of special interest: 1-(1-naphthoxy)-2,3-epoxypropane, an important intermediate in the production of the beta-blocker and anti-oxidant propranolol, 1-(isopropylamino)-3-α-(1-naphthoxy)-2-propanol. From the technological point of view, the use of a solid-phase catalyst is advantageous, and the catalysis by an anion exchange resin with quaternary ammonium groups was investigated in detail.

Gibberellic Acid Nitrite Stimulates Germination of Two Species of Light-Requiring Seeds via the Nitric Oxide Pathway

Abstract: We used two species of light‐requiring seeds, Paulownia tomentosa, which have absolute light requirement (no germination in darkness), and Stellaria media seeds, which germinate in darkness to a certain extent because of presence of preformed active phytochrome, to obtain results strongly suggesting that gibberellic acid nitrite stimulates seed germination via its capability as a functional NO donor. Exogenous application of gibberellic acid nitrite stimulates gibberellin‐insensitive Stellaria media seed germination in darkness as do a wide variety of NO donors. Pure gibberellic acid could replace the light requirement of P. tomentosa seeds, thus enabling them to germinate in darkness. Gibberellic acid nitrite did not have this effect. A stimulative effect from gibberellic acid nitrite could be detected only after exposure of these seeds to short, 10 min, pulse of red light. Taken together, these results suggest that gibberellic activity of gibberellic acid nitrite is lost after nitrosation but, regarding to the presence of −O‐NO moiety in the molecule, gibberellic acid nitrite shares stimulative properties in seed germination with other compounds with NO‐releasing properties.

A New Heterocyclization Product of Adhyperforin from Hypericum perforatum (St. John's Wort)

From the aerial parts of Hypericum perforatum L. we have isolated phloroglucinol 1 (see the formula), a homologue of 2, the latter isolated previously from the same extract and identified by 2D NMR (DQF COSY, PS NOESY, TOCSY, HSQC and HMBC) [1].[...]