Deshraj Jain

Work-Related Musculoskeletal Pain Among Dentists in Madhya Pradesh, India Prevalence, Associated Risk Factors, and Preventive Measures

Dentists are at risk for developing musculoskeletal problems. This provided the impetus for a study of prevalence, distribution, and the associated risk factors of these problems in the dentist population of Madhya Pradesh, India. The data were analyzed from 213 dentists of Madhya Pradesh, India, who fulfilled the inclusion criteria and gave their consent for this cross-sectional study. Subjects were assessed by a special questionnaire using demographic details with working conditions. Chi-square test was used for the statistical analysis of the data. Of total 213 participants, 83.10% had at least one musculoskeletal pain in the past 12 months. Low back pain was most frequent (57.75%) followed by neck pain (31.17%) and wrist pain (17.84%). The pain was significantly prevalent among the group who worked in direct vision, without assistant, in standing position or following none of the fitness regimen.

Narrow ridge management with ridge splitting with piezotome for implant placement: report of 2 cases.

Narrow dentoalveolar ridges remain a serious challenge for the successful placement of endosseous implants. Several techniques for this procedure may be considered, such as guided bone regeneration, bone block grafting, and ridge splitting for bone expansion. The ridge split procedure provides a quicker method wherein an atrophic ridge can be predictably expanded and grafted with bone allograft or allograft, eliminating the need for second surgical site. Traditionally, osseous surgery has been performed by either manual or motor-driven instruments. Piezosurgery is a relatively new technique for osteotomy and osteoplasty that utilizes ultrasonic vibration which allows clean cutting with precise incisions. This case series describes reports of 2 such cases in which narrow mandibular ridge splitting was carried by mean of piezotome with immediate placement of implants in the osteotomy site. Five months later, the implants were uncovered followed by impression and restored with impant- supported porcelain-fused-to-metal crowns.

Rehabilitation after Surgical Treatment for Retinoblastoma: Ocular Prosthesis for a 6‐Month‐Old Child

Maxillofacial prosthetic (MFP) rehabilitation can be especially challenging in a young, precooperative, or behaviorally compromised child presenting with an enucleated eye. Retinoblastoma is the most common intraocular malignancy in childhood and is one of the most common pediatric cancers. Treatment consists of enucleation (or removal of the entire globe) followed by placement of orbital implants. Unrestored anopthalmic sockets exhibit growth retardation and can lead to facial disfigurement. This report describes the challenges faced during rehabilitation of a 6-month-old girl with an anophthalmic socket due to enucleation for retinoblastoma. The objective of the MFP team was to provide a custom-built, acrylic ocular prosthesis in as comfortable and atraumatic manner as possible. The case was a success and underscores the value of a multidisciplinary dental approach for the treatment of children with very special needs.

Hypohidrotic Ectodermal Dysplasia: Prosthetic and Endodontic Management

Individuals affected by ectodermal dysplasia syndromes have abnormalities of the glands, tooth buds, hair follicles, and nail development. Oral finding in ectodermal dysplasia patient are significant and can include multiple abnormalities of the dentition such as anodontia, hy-podontia or malformed and widely spaced peg like teeth, loss of occlusal vertical dimension, protuberant lips and lack of normal alveolar ridge development. This clinical report describes a combined surgical, pedodontic, and prosthodontic approach for the treatment of a patient with hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia.

An in vitro study on effect of Delmopinol application on Candida albicans adherence on heat cured denture base acrylic resin: A thorough study

BACKGROUND Denture-related stomatitis is probably the most common form of oral candidiasis and its reported prevalence varies widely ranging up to 65%. In this thorough study, we evaluate the effect of Delmopinol application on Candida albicans adherence on heat cured denture base acrylic resin. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 40 specimens of heat-cured acrylic resin were made, 20 specimens were contaminated before Delmopinol treatment and 20 specimens were contaminated after Delmopinol treatment. The each specimen in each tube was individually transferred to a spectrophotometer at 530 nm wavelength in order to measure the turbidity degree, through the transmittance. Aliquots of 10 μL of each tube was then collected and inoculated into agar sabouraud plates containing 500 mMol/L of sucrose, which was incubated for 24 hours at 37°C, in order to check microbial growth. RESULTS Mean of the turbidity Degree of contamination after Delmopinol application (1440.80, colony-forming unit [CFU] [×10 6 /ml]) was significantly higher than the mean of the turbidity degree of contamination before Delmopinol application (550.85 CFU [×10 6 /ml]). CONCLUSION Heat-cured acrylic resin shows greater reduction in adherence of Candida albicans by contamination after Delmopinol application as compared with contamination before Delmopinol application.

Dynamic visco-elastic analysis of silicone maxillo-facial prosthetic material using custom-made dynamic visco-elastometer and LASER measuring device

Purpose : The dynamic mechanical properties of silicone maxillo-facial prosthetic material are very important for the successful rehabilitation of patients with facial defects. Moreover, it is equally important to determine these properties under conditions similar to those observed in the natural movement of facial tissues. This study evaluates the dynamic mechanical properties of silicone maxillo-facial prosthetic material using the classical Torsional pendulum method and high precision laser based measurement system. Materials and Methods : Five commercially available silicone maxillofacial prosthetic materials A-2002, A-2186, A-VST-50, A-588V-1and MDX4-4210 were taken as sample in the form of cylinders measuring 8X80 mm. A custom-made dynamic visco-elastometer was used to determine the Storage modulus, Loss modulus and Loss tangent over a frequency range of 0.5 to 1.0 Hertz at 37΀Celsius. Results : A-VST-50, A-588V-1 had low loss tangent ( P less than 0.05), further they had lower storage modulus than other tested material, which is an added advantage over MDX4-4210 and A-2186. At all test frequencies A-2002 was found to have the highest loss modulus as well as the highest loss tangent (damping factor) among all the five kinds of material tested ( P less than 0.05) which indicates its slow response to load but large capacity to absorb energy. Conclusion : Custom-made dynamic visco-elastometer has proved to be reliable, low cost and a convenient instrument to evaluate silicone maxillo-facial prosthetic material. No single material was found to have all the desirable dynamic mechanical properties necessary for maxillo-facial prosthesis applications. Therefore, layering of two or more such kind of materials is recommended to achieve desirable properties.

Prevalence and severity of temporomandibular disorders among the orthodontic patients using fonseca's questionnaire

Objective: The purpose of the study is to determine the prevalence of TMDs among the 12-18 years and 19-30 years patient age group requiring orthodontic treatment by using the Fonsecas questionnaire. Material and Methods: A total of 390 patients who visited the orthodontic department for treatment were asked to fill Fonsecas questionnaire. The results were analyzed for both the age groups and the percentage values were compared between males and females, different types of malocclusion and presence of TMDs. Results: In the 12-18 years age group, around 18.75% of the males and 12.28% of the females were having some degree of TMJ dysfunction. In the 19-30 years age group, around 30.32% of the females were found to have some severity of TMJ dysfunction as opposed to 19.23% of males. In the 12-18 years age group, around 11% of Class I, 16% of Class II and 50% of class III patients were having some degree of temporomandibular dysfunction. In the 19-30 years age group, the results showed that around 24% of Class I and class II patients and 50% of Class III patients presented with some degree of TMD. In the 12-18 years age group around 15% and in the 19-30 years age group, around 25% of the patients presented with some degree of TMD ranging from mild, moderate to severe. Conclusion: The study concludes that significantly more number of females presented with TMDs as compared to males in the 19-30 years age group. As the age increases the presence of TMDs also increases because of the significant presence of TMDs in the 19-30 years age group as compared to 12-18 years age group.

Sturge-Weber Syndrome Associated with Maxillofacial Osteohypertrophy

This case report presents a rare case of an adult female patient of Sturge-Weber Syndrome with unilateral maxillofacial osteohypertrophy. Incidence and exact cause of association of Sturge-Weber Syndrome with osseous hypertrophy is not known and there are very few similar cases that have been reported in literature. Patient visited to the dental department with the chief complaint of malalignment of teeth for which orthodontic treatment plan was done.

Association of Midline Discrepancy with Tempromandibular Joint Disorder. A Systematic Review

Aim The aim is to evaluate the association between midline discrepancies and tempromandibular disorders (TMDs). Methods Literature search was performed by using various search engines to include human studies in English. TMDs include a wide variety of signs and symptoms such as pain in and around TMJ, jaw muscles, clicking and locking of jaws, pain during mandibular movement and restricted mandibular movements. The etiology is multifactorial, including one or several of the following factors like severe malocclusions (increased overjet, retroclination of incisors, cross bite, CR CO discrepancies etc), stress and psychological factors, structural abnormalities as possible etiology. There are controversies concerning the association between different traits of malocclusion and TMDs. The aim of the present study was to find out any association between signs and symptoms of TMDs with midline discrepancies, which represent an important trait of malocclusion. Result Of the seven studies evaluated in this systematic review for investigating the association between midline discrepancy and TMD, six had moderate grade (B) of evidence. Four studies of moderate grade evidence (B) showed a significant association between the presence of midline shift and TMDs, and the remaining studies (two) had non-significant association. Only one study had a strong grade of evidence (A) and interestingly it denies the presence of midline shift to be a causative factor for TMDs. So, it can be concluded that the results are inconclusive regarding the association of midline discrepancies with TMDs. Nonetheless, this requires concrete evidence which necessitates further long term research into this aspect.