Dijle Ayar

Job satisfaction and burnout among paediatric nurses

PURPOSE This study aims to determine factors of job satisfaction and burnout levels of paediatric nurses. METHODS A total of 165 nurses working in paediatric clinics completed the Minnesota job satisfaction scale and the Maslach burnout scale. FINDINGS Average scores of the emotional exhaustion and depersonalisation score were low, while personal accomplishment scores were high. A high level of job satisfaction, being married, increased age and a decreased number of assigned patients were significantly associated with a low level of burnout. CONCLUSIONS Paediatric nurses experience burnout at significant levels. The most important variable that affected job satisfaction was income. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING PRACTICE The results of the study could guide development of strategies that might prevent or alleviate burnout of paediatric nurses.

The impact of the difficult vascular access, fear, and anxiety level in children on the success of first-time phlebotomy:

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the success of first-time phlebotomy and the affecting factors in children between 4 and 10 years of age. Methods: This descriptive, comparative, and cross-sectional study was conducted on 155 children who underwent phlebotomy. The Sociodemographic Data Form, the Children’s Anxiety Meter–State, the Children’s Fear Scale, and the Difficult Intravenous Access score were used to collect the data for the study. The relationship between the success of first-time phlebotomy, mean pre-phlebotomy fear and anxiety score, and Difficult Intravenous Access score were examined. The variables affecting the success of first-time phlebotomy were assessed by regression analysis. Results: Phlebotomies failed in 18.1% of children. A statistically significant relationship was found between the success of first-time phlebotomy, Children’s Anxiety Meter–State, Children’s Fear Scale mean scores assessed by the researchers, and Difficult Intravenous Access score. Factors affecting the success of first-time phlebotomy include difficult vascular access, age, mean Children’s Anxiety Meter–State score, mean Difficult Intravenous Access score, and duration of the last phlebotomy performed. These factors explain 42% of the total factors affecting the success of first-time phlebotomy. Conclusion: Child’s fear, anxiety before phlebotomy, and difficult vascular access affects the first-time phlebotomy success.

Effects of adolescents’ self-efficacy and social anxiety on attitudes toward pros and cons of smoking

ABSTRACT This cross-sectional, descriptive research study was conducted in order to examine the impacts of adolescents’ levels of social anxiety and self-efficacy on their perceptions of the pros and cons of smoking. Students (n = 219) in 5th, 6th, 7th, and 8th grades provided demographic details and completed the Middle School Self-Efficacy Scale, the Social Anxiety Scale for Adolescents, and the Decisional Balance Scale. We analyzed the data using Pearson’s correlations, multiple regression, and logistic regression. Of the adolescents, 52.8% with a positive perception of smoking were current smokers and 2.2% with a negative perception of smoking were current smokers. Further, 38.9% of females and 61.1% of males perceived that smoking is beneficial to them, whereas 47% of females and 53% of males perceived that smoking cigarette is harmful to them. Adolescents’ high self-efficacy, low social anxiety, and mothers’ high level of education were associated with perceiving the cons of smoking. Additional experimental studies are needed to increase adolescents’ self-efficacy levels, decrease their social anxiety, and teach them life skills. Furthermore, the effects of these precautions on the smoking-related perceptions of adolescents should be examined via experimental studies.

The psychometric properties of the Turkish version of the smoking outcome expectation scale and the anti-smoking self-efficacy scale for early adolescents

ABSTRACT This study aimed to analyze the validity and reliability of the Smoking Outcome Expectation Scale and Anti-Smoking Self-Efficacy Scale for Early Adolescents in Turkey. The sample of the study included a total of 548 students. The data were collected using a demographic data collection form, the Smoking Outcome Expectation Scale, and the Anti-Smoking Self-Efficacy Scale (ASSES) for Early Adolescents. ASSES consists of 15 items, and SOES consists of six items. The Cronbach’s alpha coefficients of the ASSES section and its subscales were .93, .94, .89, and .75, respectively. These values were found to be.70, .85, and .91 in the SOES section and its subscales. Both sections’ test–retest correlation coefficients were found to be higher than .25 for all items. The factor loads ranged between .45 and .76 in the ASSES section and between .87 and .95 in the SOES section. The goodness-of-fit indices of both sections were above .90, and their root mean square error of approximation (RMSA) values was <.08. These results indicate that the scale is a valid and reliable tool for use with early adolescents in Turkey.

The Effect of Adolescents’ Internet Addiction on Smartphone Addiction

Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of adolescents’ Internet addiction levels on smartphone addiction. Methods: This study included 609 students from three high schools that are located in western Turkey. Numbers, percentages, and averages were used to evaluate the sociodemographic data. The Kolmogorov–Smirnov and Shapiro–Wilk tests were used to determine whether the data had a normal distribution. Results: The average age of the participants was 12.3 ± 0.9 years. Of them, 52.3% were male, and 42.8% were 10th graders. All participants had smartphones, and 89.4% of them connected to the Internet continuously with their smartphones. The study found that there was a statistically significant correlation between Internet addiction and smartphone addiction. Originality and Value: It was determined that male adolescents with high levels of Internet addiction also had high smartphone addiction levels. On the other hand, sociodemographic variables had no statistically significant effect on smartphone addiction. A number of studies in the relevant literature examined the effects of Internet addiction on adolescents’ smartphone addiction. However, findings of this study are unique because they are specific to the Turkish culture, and there is a limited database in Turkey regarding this issue. The researchers believe that the findings of this study will be beneficial to show the importance of the issue in the international arena and to guide further studies to prevent this addiction because there is no reliable database about smartphone addiction in Turkey.

Topics of Addiction in Turkish Nursing Programs: A Summary

Abstract Addiction is a serious health issue. The measured rates of substance abuse in Turkey are lower than those in Western countries; however, recent studies show a significant increase in the prevalence of substance abuse and that the age of onset of substance abuse has decreased. There is a lack of literature about the topic of addiction in the undergraduate nursing programs in Turkey. Therefore, the aim of this current study was to examine the presence of addiction content in nursing education in Turkey among state and foundation universities. A descriptive, survey research design was used in this study. One hundred twelve state universities and 64 foundation universities that provide undergraduate education in Turkey were screened using the database of the Council of Higher Education. Researchers found that 89.09% of the state universities and all the foundation universities included the topic of addiction and/or substance addiction somewhere in their undergraduate nursing programs. The courses were primarily elective courses, and availability of the coursework varied. Given the impact of substance and process addictions, the authors conclude with a recommendation that the topic of addiction be offered as a discrete, mandatory course in the undergraduate nursing curricula of all universities offering nursing programs.

The effect of symptom frequency on the fatigue and sleep quality of adolescent cancer patients

ABSTRACT This study was performed in order to determine the effects of frequency of symptoms of adolescents with cancer on sleeping quality and fatigue. In order to collect the data, the Children Information Form, Symptom Evaluation Form, the Fatigue Assessment Scale for Pediatric Oncology Patients Between the Ages of 13 and 18 years, and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) were used. Percentage calculations, mean, one-way variance analysis, and advanced analysis such as Scheffe tests were used. p < 0.05 was accepted as the significance. As the symptom frequencies increased in adolescents, total fatigue scale and its subdimension scores decreased and sleep quality total scores increased. There was a low relationship between the scores of symptom frequency and fatigue scale, there was a moderate association between scores of symptom frequency and the sleep quality scale scores, and there was a high relationship between the scores of fatigue (p < 0.001). As the symptom frequencies increased in adolescents, total fatigue scale and its subdimension scores decreased and sleep quality total scores increased.

Psychometric properties of a Turkish version of the Diabetes Management Self-Efficacy Scale in Adolescents with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus

ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to determine the validity and reliability of the Diabetes Management Self-Efficacy Scale in Adolescents with Type 1 Diabetes. The study sample consisted of 203 adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus. The data were statistically analyzed based on frequency counts, percentages, and reliability/validity analyses. The internal consistency reliability coefficient of the scale was 0.85. According to confirmatory factor analysis, the model fit indices of the scale were determined as follows: Goodness-of-Fit Index = 0.90, Comparative Fit Index = 0.93. This is the first report of a disease-specific instrument for evaluating the self-efficacy of adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus in Turkey.