Donatas Danys

Asymptomatic heterotopic pancreas in Meckel’s diverticulum: a case report and review of the literature

IntroductionHeterotopic pancreas is defined as pancreatic tissue without a real anatomical or vascular connection to the pancreas. It can be found in the stomach, duodenum, jejunum, ileum, Meckel’s diverticulum, colon gall bladder, umbilicus, fallopian tube, mediastinum, spleen and liver. Complications of heterotopic pancreas are inflammation, bleeding, obstruction, malignant transformation, carcinoid syndrome, jejunojejunal intussusception and ileus, but it is usually asymptomatic and diagnosed only during examinations for other diseases.Case presentationAn 81-year-old Lithuanian woman was diagnosed with caecal cancer and had undergone elective surgery. A right hemicolectomy was performed and a Meckel’s diverticulum was observed and excised. Histological results showed a poorly differentiated G3 adenocarcinoma of her large intestine and heterotopic pancreas tissue in the Meckel’s diverticulum and mesenteric adipose tissue.ConclusionsAsymptomatic heterotopic pancreas is rarely diagnosed, and usually found incidentally during surgical or diagnostic interventions. Although it has no symptoms, heterotopic pancreas found during surgical procedures should be excised.

Is acute appendicitis still misdiagnosed

Abstract Objective The optimal diagnostics and treatment of acute appendicitis continues to be a challenge. A false positive diagnosis of appendicitis may lead to an unnecessary operation, which has been appropriately termed negative appendectomy. The aim of our study was to identify the effectiveness of preoperative investigations in preventing negative appendectomy. Methods A retrospective study was performed on adult patients who underwent operation for suspected acute appendicitis from 2008 to 2013 at Vilnius University Hospital Santariskiu Klinikos. Patients were divided into two groups: group A underwent an operation, where appendix was found to be normal (non-inflamed); group B underwent an appendectomy for inflamed appendix. Groups were compared for preoperative data, investigations, treatment results and pathology findings. Results 554 patients were included in the study. Preoperative laboratory tests results of hemoglobin, hematocrit concentrations and white blood cell count were significantly higher in group B (p<0.001). Ultrasonography was performed for 78 % of patients in group A and 74 % in group B and did not provide any statistically significant results. Comparing Alvarado score results, there were more patients with Alvarado score less than 7 in group A than in group B. In our large series we could find only four independent risk factors, and they could only account for 24 % of cases. Conclusions In summary, acute appendicitis is still often misdiagnosed and the ratio of negative appendectomies remains rather high. Additional investigations such as observation and computed tomography should be used to prevent this.

Case report: Laparoscopic approach in the treatment of presacral lipoma

Retrorectal lipoma, as well as other retrorectal tumours, is a relatively rare disorder. Retrorectal tumours accounted for 1 in 40,000 hospital admissions. We present a case of retrorectal lipoma, 15 cm × 10 cm × 8 cm in size, treated by the laparoscopic approach. The preoperative magnetic resonance imaging visualised a mass, 12 cm × 6.7 cm × 8.6 cm in diameter, in the retrorectal space, spreading toward the left obturator foramen. Surgery was indicated due to exclude malignant process certainly, because it is difficult to differentiate lipoma from low-grade liposarcoma on non invasive imaging. Laparoscopic extirpation of the tumour was performed. The overall operative time was 80 min. The diagnosis of lipoma was established on histological examination. The patient was discharged from hospital on the 2nd day after the surgery. We have found this minimally invasive operation to be an effective and well-tolerated treatment option, determined by the experience of the surgeon.

Lynch syndrome and sextuple primary malignancies

Abstract Lynch syndrome or hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer is the most common of hereditary colorectal cancer and accounts for 1–3%. Lynch and Chapelle estimated that it accounts 5–8% for all colorectal cancers. It is an autosomal dominant syndrome characterized by predisposition of various cancers (colorectal, stomach, endometrial, ovarian, renal, small bowel, and hepatobiliary tract) at earlier age than in general population and occurs as a result of mutation in DNA mismatch repair genes. This article presents a rare clinical of a 61-year-old female diagnosed with extracolonic Lynch syndrome with six metachronous tumours acquiring in digestive tract during the period from 1993 to 2014 (over 21 years). No other cases of six primary malignancies in patient with Lynch syndrome have been reported in literature. Upon diagnosis of Lynch syndrome, it is important to screen patient for malignancies of different localization as this syndrome predisposes appearance of various cancers at earlier age than in general population.

Does a retrorectal tumour remain a challenge for surgeons

Abstract Background: Retrorectal tumours are lesions with a wide range of histological differentiation that are often diagnostic and clinical challenges due to their rare occurrence. Many cases of this pathology are treated in regional hospitals, which results in serious complications because physicians fail to recognize this pathology. We present our experience in treating these tumours. Methods: A retrospective analysis of a prospectively maintained database was performed using the Vilnius University Hospital Santaros Clinics patient database. Thirty-five cases were identified. Results: Occurrence of retrorectal tumours was higher in women than in men and accounted for 82.86% and 17.14%, respectively. Computer tomography and magnetic resonance imaging were the main methods used to confirm diagnosis and plan surgical treatment. We have used a laparotomy, perineal or combined approach for tumour extirpation. The laparotomy approach was the most used, followed by perineal extirpation. The most common histological type was cystic hamartoma, accounting for 20% of cases. In 80% of cases, the histological findings greatly varied. Hospital stays varied from 3 to 21 days with a mean of 11.6 ± 5.83 days. The postoperative complication rate was 17.14% and was present in six cases. Overall survival was 85.17%, with an average follow-up period of 71.83 months. There were no recurrent tumours diagnosed during follow-up. Conclusion: Retrorectal tumours are a very rare pathology with high histological heterogeneity and problematic diagnostics. Patients should be referred to a tertiary centre that has experience and diagnostic capabilities for the best diagnostic and treatment options.

Enterogenous cyst of the small bowel mesentery: a case report and review of the literature

Abstract Introduction: Enterogenous cysts are a very rare congenital abnormality that can be found anywhere within the gastrointestinal tract, most commonly in the small intestine. The incidence is approximately one in 4500–10,000 live births. Diagnosis can be suggested by ultrasound (US), computed tomography (CT) scans or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings, although histological examination confirms the definitive diagnosis. Patients: We present a case of enterogenous cyst in an adult female who underwent a resection of the tumour. Results: After two years of observation, there is no evidence of tumour recurrence.