Donatella Della Porta

Social movements in a globalizing world

Table of Contents Social Movements in a Globalizing World: an Introduction D.della Porta & H.Kriesi PART I: NATIONAL MOBILIZATION WITHIN A GLOBALIZING WORLD Alternative Types of Cross-national Diffusion in the Social Movement Arena D.A.Snow & R.D.Benford The Gendering of Abortion Discourse: Assessing Global Feminist Influence in the United States and Germany M.Marx Ferree & W.A.Gamson A Comparison of Protests against the Gulf War in Germany, France and the Netherlands R.Koopmans The Diffusion and Adoption of Public Order Management Systems J.D.McCarthy, C.McPhail & J.Crist PART II: MOBILIZATION BEYOND THE NATION-STATE On the Relationship of Political Opportunities to the Form of Collective Action: The Case of the European Union G.Marks & D.McAdam The Europeanization of Movements? Contentions Politics and the European Union, October 1983 - March 1995 D.Imig & S.Tarrow Injustice and Adversarial Frames in a Supranational Political Context: Farmers Protest in the Netherlands and Spain B.Kandermans, M. de Weerd, J-M.Sabucedo & M.Costa Supranational Political Opportunities as a Channel of Globalization of Political Conflicts. The Case of the Rights of Indigenous Peoples F.Passy Global Politics and Transnational Social Movements Strategies: The Transnational Campaign Against International Trade in Toxic Wastes J.Smith International Campaigns in Context: Collective Action Between the Local and the Global C.Lahusen The Transnationalization of Social Movements: Trends, Causes, Problems D.Rucht Bibliography Index

Global-net for Global Movements? A Network of Networks for a Movement of Movements

This article focuses on the use of Computer-Mediated Communication by the movement for global justice, with special attention to the organisations involved in the movement and its activists. We examined data collected during two supranational protest events: the anti-G8 protest in Genoa in July 2001 and the European Social Forum (ESF) in Florence in November 2002. In both cases, we have complemented an analysis of the Genoa Social Forum and ESF websites with a survey of activists, including questions about their use of the Internet. We then examine hypotheses about changes new technologies introduce in collective action. The Internet empowers social movements in: (a) purely instrumental ways (an additional logistical resource for ‘resource-poor’ actors), (b) a protest function (direct expression of protest); (c) symbolically (as a medium favouring identification processes in collective actors) and (d) cognitively (informing and sensitising public opinion).

Social Movements and Europeanization

Are social movement organizations euro-sceptical, euro-pragmatic, or euro-opportunist? Or do they accept the EU as a new level of governance to place pressure on? Do they provide a critical capital, necessary for the political structuring of the EU, or do they disrupt the process of EU integration? Social Movements and Europeanization includes surveys of activists at international protest events targeting the European Union (for a total of about 5000 interviews); a discourse analysis of documents and transcripts of debates on European politics and policies conducted during the four European social forums held between 2002 and 2006 and involving hundreds of social movement organizations and tens of thousands of activists from all European countries; about 320 interviews with representatives of civil society organizations in six EU countries (France, Germany, the United Kingdom, the Netherlands, Spain, and Italy) and one non-member state (Switzerland), and a systematic claims analysis of the daily press in selected years between 1990 and 2003. The empirical research shows the different paths of Europeanization taken by social movements and civil society organizations. (authors abstract)

Deliberation in Movement: Why and How to Study Deliberative Democracy and Social Movements

In this contribution, I suggest that some emerging developments in social movements can be usefully discussed in the light of the growing literature on deliberative democracy and, moreover, that reflections on social movements might help in specifying some conceptualization of deliberative politics.

Social Movements in a Globalizing World: an Introduction

Over the last decade, social movement scholars in the United States and in Europe have been paying increasing attention to the political context in which social movements mobilize. In the process, social movement research has not only relied more heavily on political science to complement its original conceptions (mainly furnished by sociology, history and economics), but has also become more comparative, focusing on the impact of the national, regional and local political contexts on mobilization and its outcomes across countries. With cross-national comparison, attention is directed to the effects of the changing international context on national social systems and national polities. In other words, social movement research is slowly becoming aware that the divide between comparative politics and international relations is increasingly anachronistic. Also in social movement studies, the challenge ‘is to combine the insights of both perspectives without losing sight of their unique contributions’ (Garrett and Lange 1995: 654). This is a challenge we try to take seriously in this volume, which focuses on the impact of the increasing interactions between national and international political contexts on social movements in what we refer to as a globalizing world.

The Wiley-Blackwell encyclopedia of social and political movements

Comprehensive, authoritative, interdisciplinary, and up-to-date, The Wiley-Blackwell Encyclopedia of Social and Political Movements contains over 400 entries across three volumes, exploring social and political movements and related collective phenomena throughout the world. Comprising over 400 entries across three volumes, this invaluable reference resource explores major social and political movements and related collective phenomena across the globe Brings together a prestigious editorial team drawn from ten countries and from across four disciplines Covers a broad range of historical and modern topics reflecting significant social and political changes from the French revolution, to the Chinese Communist Revolution, the global women s movement, to the Arab Spring, and from the American civil rights movement to contemporary environmentalism Organized, authored and edited by leading scholars, all of whom come to the project with exemplary track records and international standing Available online or as a three-volume print set, structured in a user-friendly A-Z format 3 Volumes www.socialmovementsencyclopedia.com Volumes are also available for individual purchase

Social Movements, Political Violence, and The State: A Comparative Analysis of Italy and Germany

Foreword Sidney Tarrow List of abbreviations Preface 1. Comparative research on political violence 2. Political violence in Italy and Germany: a periodization 3. Violence and the political system: the policing of protest 4. Organizational processes and violence in social movements 5. The logic of underground organizations 6. Patterns of radicalization in political activism 7. Individual commitment in the underground 8. Social movements, political violence and the state a conclusion Notes Bibliography Index.

Mobilizing for democracy : comparing 1989 and 2011

1. Democratization and social movements 2. Eventful democratization: when protest changes structures 3. Mobilizing resources for democracy 4. Framing democracy: The cognitive dimension of mobilization 5. Repression and challengers 6. Appropriation of opportunities 7. Participated pacts and social movements 8. Violent uprisings, troubled democratization 9. In the name of the nation: nationalism as opportunity and risk 10. Democratization from below: some conclusions

Interactive Diffusion: The Coevolution of Police and Protest Behavior With an Application to Transnational Contention

In this article, the authors focus attention on a poorly understood aspect of contentious politics: the interaction between the transnational diffusion of new forms of protest behavior and police practices in response to them. Studies of diffusion are usually limited to the diffusion of one kind of innovation by one set of actors to another, as in the diffusion of technical innovations from innovators to adopters. But collective action diffusion also produces a parallel and interactive sequence of “public order” reactions. Using the transnational countersummits that emerged around the turn of the century as their source of evidence, the authors focus on the coevolution of protester and police innovations across national boundaries. The authors’ major finding is that the mechanisms that cause protester and police innovations to diffuse are remarkably similar, even though they can combine in different ways at different moments: promotion, the proactive intervention by a sender actor aimed at deliberate diffusion of an innovation; assessment, the analysis of information on past events and their definition as successes or failures, which leads to adaption of the innovation to new sites and situations; and theorization, the location of technical innovations within broader normative and cognitive frameworks. The authors close with a speculative application of their findings to the recent diffusion of protester tactics and regime responses in the Middle East and North Africa.

COMMUNICATION IN MOVEMENT

Literature on social movements, mass media and democracy have rarely interacted. Research on democracy has tended to focus on representative institutions, pragmatically using ‘minimalistic’ operationalization of democracy as electoral accountability, and providing structural explanations of democratic developments. Research on the mass media also tended to isolate them as a separate power, reflecting on the technological constraints and opportunities for communication. Social movement studies have mainly considered democratic characteristics as setting the structure of political opportunities social movements have to address and – more rarely – looked at the constraints the mass media impose upon powerless actors. Structural, instrumental and institutional biases, in various combination, tended to characterize the three fields of studies. More recently, in all three fields of knowledge, some opportunities for reciprocal learning and interactions developed, moved by some exogenous, societal changes as well as disciplinary evolution. The author argues that looking at the intersection of democracy, media and social movements could be particularly useful within a relational and constructivist perspective, that takes normative positions by the different actors into account. More broadly, this would mean to pay attention to the permeability of the borders between the three concepts, as well as between the three fields they tend to separate. The article does this by looking first at the debate on recent transformations of democracy, described by labels such as post-democracy or counter-democracy, as well as on the New Media and social movements, and then at what recent research on social movements can add to them.