Doudou Huang

Polyphenols with Anti-Proliferative Activities from Penthorum Chinense Pursh

Two new polyphenols, penthorumin C (1) and 2,6-dihydroxyacetophenone-4-O-[4ꞌ,6ꞌ-(S)-hexahydroxydiphenoyl]-β-d-glucose (2), along with four known polyphenolic acids, pinocembrin-7-O-[4ꞌꞌ,6ꞌꞌ-hexahydroxydiphenoyl]-β-d-glucose(3), pinocembrin-7-O-[3ꞌꞌ-O-galloyl- 4ꞌꞌ,6ꞌꞌ-hexahydroxydiphenoyl]-β-d-glucose (4), thonningianin A (5), and thonningianin B (6) were isolated from Penthourm chinense. All compounds were evaluated for their anti-proliferative activity in HSC-T6 cells, and 2 and 5 showed significant activity, with IC50 values of 12.7 and 19.2 μM, respectively.

Two New Phenolic Glycosides from Gnaphalium affine D. Don and Their Anti-Complementary Activity

Two new phenolic glycosides, named gnaphaffine A and B (compounds 1 and 2), were isolated from Gnaphalium affine. together with six known compounds, including caffeic acid (3), everlastoside L (4), isorhamnetin-7-O-β-d-glucopyranoside (5), quercetin-3-O-β-d-glucopyranoside (6), scutellarein-7-O-β-d-glucoside (7) and api-genin-7-O-β-d-glucopyranoside (8). Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic methods, including ESI-MS and 2D NMR spectroscopy (HMQC and HMBC). All compounds were evaluated for their anti-complementary activity on the classical pathway of the complement system in vitro.

Anti-inflammatory effects of the extract of Gnaphalium affine D. Don in vivo and in vitro.

ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Gnaphalium affine D. Don (GA) has been traditionally used as a medicinal herb in China for the treatment of many ailments including rheumatoid arthritis. However, the anti-arthritic mechanism of GA has still not been demonstrated. This study aims to reveal the anti-inflammatory activity and anti-arthritic mechanism of ethanol extract of G. affine D. Don. MATERIALS AND METHODS Anti-inflammatory potential of GA was analyzed in vivo in carrageenan induced mice paw edema (acute study). Also, in vivo study was applied in collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) rats. In vitro experiments for analyzing the anti-inflammatory potential of GA were performed on rat alveolar macrophages cell line (NR8383). Analysis of nitric oxide release in NR8383 cells was done by Griess reaction. RT-PCR and western blotting experiment was performed to analyze the expression of phosphorylated p65 and IκBα/β-actin in NF-κB pathway. The production of TNF-α, IL-1β, and COX-2 in NR8383 cells were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The chemical profile of GA was analyzed by HPLC-VWD. RESULTS GA significantly reduced the paw volume in carrageenan induced rat paw edema rat at different doses (300 and 600 mg/kg), compared with the standard indomethacin treatment. In CIA, GA can obviously ameliorate the inflammatory symptom, including cytokine, histological symptom and paw swelling. In the vitro study, GA was able to reduce the nitric oxide (NO) levels in NR8383 cells that had been stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). The level of TNF-α, IL-1β, and COX-2 was also decreased with GA treatment in NR8383 cells that had been stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Interestingly, GA was found to decrease the level of phosphorylated p65 and IκBα in NR8383 cells. Fifteen compounds were identified by HPLC-VWD with the reference substances and verified by LC-MS. CONCLUSIONS The results of the experiment scientifically validated its traditional use in inflammatory conditions.

Four new sesquiterpene lactones from the stem bark of Illicium burmanicum.

Four new sesquiterpene lactones (1), (2), (3), and (4), along with three known sesquiterene, namely, 6,7,10-trihydoxyisodaucane (5), 4β,10β-dihydroxyaromadendrane (6), and sescrassidiol (7) were isolated from the stem bark of Illicium burmanicum. The structures of the new compounds were determined using 1D and 2D NMR, and HRESIMS. The anti-inflammatory activities of these compounds were evaluated by measuring the enzymatic activity of luciferase in NF-κB reporters in a (Luc)-HEK 293 cell line treated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS).

Prenylated phenylpropanoid compounds from the stem bark of Illicium burmanicum.

Ten new prenylated phenylpropanoid compounds, burmanicumols A-G (1-6) and illifrognones D-G (7-10), and seven known prenylated phenylpropanoid compounds, were isolated from the stem bark of Illicium burmanicum. The structures of the new compounds were determined on the basis of 1D and 2D NMR, HRESIMS, and CD experiments. Compounds 3, 8, 10, and 14 were moderately potent inhibitors of the NF-κB pathway, with IC50 values ranging from 10.31 to 35.16μg/mL tripterygium glycosides and pavlin were used as the positive controls.

Sesquiterpenoid Glycosides from the Fruits of Chaenomeles speciosa

A new sesquiterpenoid glycoside, called speciosaoside A (1), and a known sesquiterpenoid glycoside, (1′R,3′R,5′R,8′S)-epi-dihydrophaseic acid β-D-glucoside (2), were isolated from the fruits of Chaenomeles speciosa (Sweet) Nakai (Rosaceae) using column chromatography and preparative HPLC. The structure of compound1was deduced from comprehensive spectroscopic analysis including IR, HR-ESI-MS, 1D NMR, and 2D NMR. The structure of compound2was identified by comparison of its spectral data with those reported in the literature.