Doutje van Veen

Measurement and Mitigation of Wavelength Drift due to Self-Heating of Tunable Burst-Mode DML for TWDM-PON

For TWDM-PON systems we report measurements of and mitigation methods for the unwanted wavelength drift of directly modulated burst-mode lasers due to self-heating of the laser junction.

40-Gb/s TDM-PON over 42 km with 64-way power split using a binary direct detection receiver

We demonstrate a 40-Gbps TDM-PON over a 42-km, 64-split fiber plant using optical duobinary modulation. Experimental results show that our architecture supports 31 dB of power budget for a differential reach of 26 km at 1550 nm without DSP.

Demonstration of symmetrical 25 Gbps TDM-PON with 31.5 dB optical power budget using only 10 Gbps optical components

First demonstration of symmetrical 25-Gbps TDM-PON with 31.5-dB class N2 power-budget over 0-20 km at 1556-nm using only 10-Gbps optical components. EDFAs are used as booster and preamplifier at the OLT. Low-cost dispersion compensating schemes are applied to increase reach.

A low-energy rate-adaptive bit-interleaved passive optical network

Energy consumption of customer premises equipment (CPE) has become a serious issue in the new generations of time-division multiplexing passive optical networks, which operate at 10 Gb/s or higher. It is becoming a major factor in global network energy consumption, and it poses problems during emergencies when CPE is battery-operated. In this paper, a low-energy passive optical network (PON) that uses a novel bit-interleaving downstream protocol is proposed. The details about the network architecture, protocol, and the key enabling implementation aspects, including dynamic traffic interleaving, rate-adaptive descrambling of decimated traffic, and the design and implementation of a downsampling clock and data recovery circuit, are described. The proposed concept is shown to reduce the energy consumption for protocol processing by a factor of 30. A detailed analysis of the energy consumption in the CPE shows that the interleaving protocol reduces the total energy consumption of the CPE significantly in comparison to the standard 10 Gb/s PON CPE. Experimental results obtained from measurements on the implemented CPE prototype confirm that the CPE consumes significantly less energy than the standard 10 Gb/s PON CPE.

Demonstration of 40-Gb/s TDM-PON Over 42-km With 31 dB Optical Power Budget Using an APD-Based Receiver

We demonstrated a 40-Gb/s TDM-PON over a 42-km, 64-split fiber plant using optical duobinary modulation. In the ONU, a 25 Gb/s APD-based receiver was used for a cost-effective and low-power-consumption upgrade of TDM-PON. Experimental results show that our system supports 31 dB of power budget for a differential reach of 26 km at 1550 nm without DSP. Results of simulations to investigate optimization of the transmission performance are also presented.

Symmetrical 25-Gb/s TDM-PON With 31.5-dB Optical Power Budget Using Only Off-the-Shelf 10-Gb/s Optical Components

Increasing the serial bitrate beyond 10 Gb/s in time division multiplexed passive optical network (TDM-PON) is difficult. The reduced chromatic dispersion tolerance and the reduced signal-to-noise ratios at higher rates make it much more challenging to achieve the needed optical power budget, especially in a cost-effective way. To combat these challenges, we investigated and demonstrated a 25-Gb/s TDM-PON, with optical amplification at the optical line termination (OLT), based on PAM-4 modulation in the downstream and Duobinary modulation in the upstream. Described in this paper is a first demonstration of a symmetrical 25-Gb/s TDM-PON with 31.5-dB class N2 power budget over 0-20 km at 1556 nm using only cost-effective off-the-shelf 10-Gb/s optical components at the ONU and OLT side. We used small form factor erbium doped fiber amplifiers as booster and preamplifier at the OLT. We also applied low-cost dispersion compensating schemes to increase chromatic dispersion tolerance, a simple predistortion scheme based on optimization of electroabsorption modulated laser bias voltage and a simple fiber dispersion supported transmission scheme. We obtained a power budget of 31.5 dB with 0-20 km of standard single mode fiber, which we doubled to 0-40 km using dispersion compensating fiber at 1556 nm (BER = 10 -3).

Recent Progress on Standardization of Next-Generation 25, 50, and 100G EPON

In this paper, an overview is given on the recent developments in next-generation high-speed PON. A summary is presented on the progress being made by the IEEE P802.3ca task force on the standardization of 25, 50, and 100G EPON. An outline of the physical layer specification for next-generation high-speed PON as well as MAC layer functions such as channel bonding to achieve 100 Gbps line rates is discussed. Also, the wavelength plan for 100G EPON coexistence with the various PON generations are discussed.

An analysis of the technical and economic essentials for providing video over fiber-to-the-premises networks

This paper presents a cost comparison of two video transport methodologies on a passive optical network (PON): an out-of-band radio frequency (RF) video overlay and in-band video delivered as multicast Internet Protocol (IP) packets. The RF overlay approach has traditionally been favored for video transmission on a PON due to the availability of cable television (CATV)-like components, including CATV-ready televisions, but recently the lower network costs associated with converging voice, data, and video on an all-packet network (so called “Internet Protocol television” [IPTV]) have begun to be recognized. We have quantified the full cost of the RF video overlay, taking into account all the physical parameters that affect the cost of such deployments, allowing an accurate evaluation of the economics of this system under a variety of configurations. Our IP video model estimates the cost of a multicast IP video network, using analysis of viewer data to estimate the actual bandwidth requirements in real-world IPTV deployments. Using these models we compare the cost of RF video overlay and IP video technology for fiber to the premises (FTTP). We show that the choice of the lowest-cost video solution is sensitive to take-rate and channel lineup in particular, but that IPTV is the lowest-cost solution under the majority of likely deployment circumstances.

Options for TDM PON beyond 10G

This paper proposes an architecture to increase the downstream transmission of TDM PON from 10-Gbps to 40-Gbps. Challenges like chromatic dispersion tolerance, optical power budget, cost, and coexistence with legacy PONs are discussed.

Low cost TWDM by wavelength-set division multiplexing

After extensive comparison of candidate technologies, the Full Service Access Network (FSAN) Group in early 2012 made the decision to define Time/ Wavelength Division Multiplexing (TWDM) as the primary solution for the next-generation passive optical network (NG-PON2). A minimum of four wavelengths are foreseen as providing a total capacity per feeder line of 40 Gbit/s downstream and 10 Gbit/s or more upstream. Conventional wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) lasers from core or metro networks are too expensive for fiber to the home (FTTH) systems, because every optical network unit (ONU) will need a tunable laser for upstream transmission. In this paper we will compare different technical solutions and present wavelength-set division multiplexing (WSDM), a scheme developed by Bell Labs as the preferred solution for cost reasons. WSDM uses a laser that can be tuned by an on-chip heater stripe. To exploit this partial wavelength tunability, we do not use contiguous wavelength bands, but wavelength-sets consisting of cyclic interleaved wavelength slots on a fine grid. This wavelength plan can be implemented, e.g., by a cyclic arrayed waveguide grating (AWG) with a small free spectral range. We will describe the concept in detail and report on its experimental validation.