E. Vavilova

Magnetic properties of vanadium oxide nanotubes probed by static magnetization and 51V NMR

Measurements of the static magnetic susceptibility and of the nuclear magnetic resonance of multiwalled vanadium-oxide nanotubes are reported. In this nanoscale magnet the structural low-dimensionality and mixed valency of vanadium ions yield a complex temperature dependence of the static magnetization and the nuclear relaxation rates. Analysis of the different contributions to the magnetism allows to identify individual interlayer magnetic sites as well as strongly antiferromagnetically coupled vanadium spins (S = 1/2) in the double layers of the nanotubes wall. In particular, the data give strong indications that in the structurally well-defined vanadium-spin chains in the walls, owing to an inhomogeneous charge distribution, antiferromagnetic dimers and trimers occur. Altogether, about 30% of the vanadium ions are coupled in dimers, exhibiting a spin gap of the order of 700 K, the other ~ 30% comprise individual spins and trimers, whereas the remaining \~ 40% are nonmagnetic.

Quantum electric dipole glass and frustrated magnetism near a critical point in Li2ZrCuO4

We report a new peculiar effect of the interaction between a sublattice of frustrated quantum spin-1/2 chains and a sublattice of pseudospin-1/2 centers (quantum electric dipoles) uniquely co-existing in the complex oxide γ-Li2ZrCuO4 (≡Li2CuZrO4). 7Li nuclear magnetic resonance, Cu2+ electron spin resonance and a complex dielectric constant data reveal that the sublattice of Li+-derived electric dipoles orders glass like at Tg70 K yielding a spin site nonequivalency in the CuO2 chains. We suggest that such a remarkable interplay between electrical and spin degrees of freedom might strongly influence the properties of the spiral spin state in Li2ZrCuO4 that is close to a quantum ferromagnetic critical point. In particular that strong quantum fluctuations and/or the glassy behavior of electric dipoles might renormalize the exchange integrals affecting this way the pitch angle of the spiral as well as be responsible for the missing multiferroicity present in other helicoidal magnets.

High temperature ferromagnetism of Li-doped vanadium oxide nanotubes

The nature of a puzzling high-temperature ferromagnetism of doped mixed-valent vanadium oxide nanotubes reported earlier by Krusin-Elbaum et al., Nature, 431 (2004) 672, has been addressed by static magnetization, muon spin relaxation, nuclear magnetic and electron spin resonance spectroscopy techniques. A precise control of the charge doping was achieved by electrochemical Li intercalation. We find that it provides excess electrons, thereby increasing the number of interacting magnetic vanadium sites, and, at a certain doping level, yields a ferromagnetic-like response persisting up to room temperature. Thus we confirm the surprising previous results on the samples prepared by a completely different intercalation method. Moreover our spectroscopic data provide first ample evidence for the bulk nature of the effect. In particular, they enable a conclusion that the Li nucleates superparamagnetic nanosize spin clusters around the intercalation site which are responsible for the unusual high-temperature ferromagnetism of vanadium oxide nanotubes.

High temperature magnetic anomalie in NaxWO3 single crystals at low sodium content

Abstract Sodium tungsten bronze single crystals with low sodium content ( x ≃0.14) were grown by the electrochemical reduction method. The magnetic and transport properties of the obtained Na x WO 3 samples were investigated. The results of SQUID magnetic measurements show presence of a magnetic anomalie at 150 K. It indicates the possible existence of the high-temperature superconducting phase in sodium tungsten bronzes.

Electron Spin Density on the N‑Donor Atoms of Cu(II)− (Bis)oxamidato Complexes As Probed by a Pulse ELDOR Detected NMR

We have applied the pulse ELDOR detected NMR (EDNMR) technique to determine the tensors of the transferred Cu (S = 1/2) - (14)N (I = 1) hyperfine (HF) interaction in single crystals of diamagnetically diluted mononuclear o-phenylenebis(N(R)-oxamide) complexes of [(n)Bu4N]2[Cu(opboR2)] (R = Et 1, (n)Pr 2) (1%) in a host lattice of [(n)Bu4N]2[Ni(opboR2)] (R = Et 3, (n)Pr 4) (99%) (1@3 and 2@4)). To facilitate the analysis of our EDNMR data and to analyze possible manifestations of the nuclear quadrupole interaction in the EDNMR spectra, we have treated a model electron-nuclear system of the coupled S = 1/2 and I = 1 spins using the spin density matrix formalism. It appears that this interaction yields a peculiar asymmetry of the EDMR spectra that manifests not only in the shift of the positions of the EDNMR lines that correspond to the forbidden EPR transitions, as expected, but also in the intensities of the EDNMR lines. The symmetric shape of the experimental spectra suggests the conclusion that, in the studied complexes, the quadrupole interaction is negligible. This has simplified the analysis of the spectra. The HF tensors of all four N donor atoms could be accurately determined. On the basis of the HF tensors, an estimate of the spin density transferred from the central paramagnetic Cu(II) ion to the N donor atoms reveals its unequal distribution. We discuss possible implications of our estimates for the magnetic exchange paths and interaction strengths in respective trinuclear complexes [Cu3(opboR2) (pmdta)2](NO3)2 (R = Et 6, (n)Pr 7).

Signatures of a magnetic field-induced unconventional nematic liquid in the frustrated and anisotropic spin-chain cuprate LiCuSbO 4

Modern theories of quantum magnetism predict exotic multipolar states in weakly interacting strongly frustrated spin-1/2 Heisenberg chains with ferromagnetic nearest neighbor (NN) inchain exchange in high magnetic fields. Experimentally these states remained elusive so far. Here we report strong indications of a magnetic field-induced nematic liquid arising above a field of ~13 T in the edge-sharing chain cuprate LiSbCuO4 ≡ LiCuSbO4. This interpretation is based on the observation of a field induced spin-gap in the measurements of the 7Li NMR spin relaxation rate T1−1 as well as a contrasting field-dependent power-law behavior of T1−1 vs. T and is further supported by static magnetization and ESR data. An underlying theoretical microscopic approach favoring a nematic scenario is based essentially on the NN XYZ exchange anisotropy within a model for frustrated spin-1/2 chains and is investigated by the DMRG technique. The employed exchange parameters are justified qualitatively by electronic structure calculations for LiCuSbO4.

Multiparameter NMR Identification of Liquid Substances

In this paper we study the method of distinguishing the substances by measuring their nuclear paramagnetic longitudinal and transverse relaxation times and the diffusion coefficient of molecules. Experiments performed using a commercial high magnetic field NMR spectrometer show the possibility to use this method for reliable identification of liquids. Observables in these experiments rather often cannot be described by a single exponential function. In the article we discuss how to utilize the non-single exponential experimental dependences for a quantitative processing of the NMR experimental results.

Origin of a spin-state polaron in lightly hole doped LaCoO3

We performed electron spin and nuclear magnetic resonance and inelastic neutron scattering measurements of a single crystal of lightly hole-doped La1-xSrxCoO3, x ~ 0.002 in order to establish the origin of a surprisingly strong magnetization due to a very small Sr doping. The data provide experimental evidence for the creation at low temperatures of extended spin clusters with a large spin multiplicity. We argue that the doped hole couples ferromagnetically seven magnetic Co ions yielding a spin-state polaron with a huge local magnetic moment with a strong orbital contribution.

Microwave absorption study of polycrystalline SmO1-xFxFeAs

Measurements of nonresonance microwave absorption have been used to determine the position of the irreversibility line and to estimate the critical current density for the three SmO1?xFxFeAs samples with fluorine concentrations x = 0.06, 0.08, and 0.1. The irreversibility lines of all samples are characterized with a sharp slope, indicating a strong pinning up to Tc. A weak field dependence of the critical current density and an estimate of parameters characterizing the vortex matter allow us to suggest the presence of additional pinning centers in underdoped samples. It is likely that these pinning centers are nanoscale inclusions of a possibly magnetic phase occurring in the fluorine concentration range of 0.06?0.08.

Interplay between structure, transport and magnetism in the frustrated S = 1/2 system In2VO5

Measurements of magnetization, electrical resistivity and nuclear- and electron spin resonance in In2VO5 reveal a remarkable interplay of different degrees of freedom in the zigzag V-0 chains (V4+, 3d1, S = 1/2) which are realized in this material. At high temperatures the d electrons are itinerant and magnetic interactions are ferromagnetic. Below a crossover temperature T* ~120 K the d states get localized and interact predominantly antiferromagnetically. Though magnetic resonance data clearly indicate the slowing down of the spin-spin correlations by approaching a characteristic temperature Tsro ~ 20 K the system does not long-range order magnetically. We attribute these peculiar crossover phenomena to the unusual anisotropic thermal contraction of the lattice which controls the localization of the d-states, magnetic exchange and frustration.