Écila Campos Mota

Incidence of ventilator-associated pneumonia in intensive care unit

Objective: To evaluate the incidence of ventilator-associated pneumonia in intensive care unit (ICU). Method: A retrospective cohort study, was carried in a university hospital. Univariate analyzes were performed using the chi-square test or Fisher’s exact test for categorical variables, and nonparametric Mann-Whitney test for numerical variables. Results: In a period of 24 months, 190 patients were admitted in the ICU, and 90.5% of them used mechanical ventilation. The incidence of ventilatorassociated pneumonia (VAP) was 23.2%, being notified in 100% of the patients who used the mechanical ventilation; the incidence density of VAP was 32.4/1000 ventilator days and the overall mortality associated with VAP was 72.7%. There was a positive association between the occurrence of pneumonia and the period of hospitalization in the intensive care unit > 15 days (RR: 7.29), time of mechanical ventilation > 10 days (RR: 11.33), and reintubation (RR: 6.31). Conclusion: pneumonia is considered a high morbidity condition in the intensive care unit. Thus, it is necessary to implement effective measures for quality and safety on the care of critically ill patients. Key-words: Pneumonia, Ventilator-Associated. Intensive Care Units. Cross Infection. Patient safety.

Infecção hospitalar em crianças com leishmaniose visceral admitidas em um hospital de referência na região de Montes Claros/MG

Backgound and Objectives: The frequency of infectious process by Visceral Leishmaniasis (LV) reflects the increased susceptibility of the child to the hospital infections (IH). Thus, aimed to determine the incidence of nosocomial infection in children under 12 years admitted to a hospital north miner diagnosed with visceral leishmaniasis during January/2007 to December/2008. Method: Documentary research, retrospective, cross-sectional quantitative approach. A sample was obtained from 94 patients and data collection was performed using a standardized form, pre-coded, containing socioeconomic and clinical. Results: we identified the incidence of 20.2% of patients with nosocomial infection in patients with visceral leishmaniasis. Infections of eyes, ears, nose, throat and mouth and pneumonia were the most common during the study period, totaling 50% of the sample. Conclusion: Therefore, it is concluded that the LV associated with IH, has increased the number of cases in Montes Claros in order to present a high profile cure of the patients. KEYWORDS: Visceral Leishmaniasis. Hospital Infection. Pediatrics.

Late neonatal sepsis: an analysis of risk factors of an intensive care unit

Objective: identifying the risk factors inherent in neonates and hospital procedures related to late sepsis. Method: a descriptive, documentary study, of a quantitative approach, performed with 14 neonates admitted from January to June 2010. The data were collected using a semi-structured form and entered in SPSS version 15.0 for Windows and later performed a descriptive analysis. The research project was approved by the Research Ethics Committee, protocol no 2218/2010. Results: it was evident that prematurity and low birth weight were prevalent. The use of HOOD (85,7%), followed by CPAP (78,6%), and the insertion of epicutaneous catheter (85,7%) mainly were statistically considered as a risk factor for the development of late onset sepsis. Conclusion: neonatal sepsis is presented as a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in the neonatal unit studied and stepping to the knowledge of risk factors is necessary to minimize the incidence. Descriptors: Sepsis; Newborn; Intensive Care Unit; Risk Factors. RESUMO Objetivo: identificar os fatores de risco inerentes ao neonato e a procedimentos hospitalares relacionados à sepse tardia. Método: estudo descritivo, documental, de abordagem quantitativa, com 14 neonatos internados de janeiro a junho de 2010. Os dados foram coletados com um formulário semiestruturado e digitados no programa SPSS, versão 15.0 para Windows e, posteriormente, realizada a análise descritiva. O projeto de pesquisa foi aprovado pelo Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa, protocolo no 2218/2010. Resultados: evidenciou-se que a prematuridade e o baixo peso ao nascer foram prevalentes. O uso de HOOD (85,7%), seguido do CPAP (78,6%), e a inserção do cateter epicutâneo (85,7%), principalmente, foram, estatisticamente, considerados como fator de risco para o desenvolvimento da sepse tardia. Conclusão: a sepse neonatal apresenta-se como uma relevante causa de morbimortalidade na unidade neonatal estudada e a intensificação para o conhecimento dos fatores de risco faz-se necessário para minimizar a incidência. Descritores: Sepse; Recém-Nascido; Unidade de Terapia Intensiva; Fatores de Risco. RESUMEN Objetivo: identificar los factores de riesgo inherentes a los recién nacidos y a los procedimientos del hospital relacionados a la sepsis tardía. Método: un estudio descriptivo, documental, de enfoque cuantitativo, con 14 recién nacidos ingresados entre enero y junio de 2010. Los datos fueron recolectados a través de un formulario semi-estructurado y se introducen en el programa SPSS versión 15.0 para Windows y más tarde realizóse el análisis descriptivo. El proyecto de investigación fue aprobado por el Comité de Ética de la Investigación, el protocolo no 2218/2010. Resultados: se evidenció que la prematuridad y el bajo peso al nacer eran frecuentes. El uso de HOOD (85,7%), seguido por el modo CPAP (78,6%), y la inserción de catéter epicutánea (85,7%) se consideraron estadísticamente principalmente como un factor de riesgo para el desarrollo de sepsis de aparición tardía. Conclusión: la sepsis neonatal se presenta como una causa importante de morbilidad y mortalidad en la Unidad Neonatal estudiada y la intensificación para el conocimiento de los factores de riesgo es necesario reducir al mínimo la incidencia. Descriptores: Sepsis; Recién Nacido; Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos; Factores de Riesgo. Nurse, Specialist in Family Health, State University of Montes Claros/ Unimontes. Montes Claros (MG), Brazil. Email: patrick_mocesp70@hotmail.com; Nurse, Specialist in Surveillance and Hospital Infection Control, State University of Montes Claros/Unimontes. Montes Claros (MG), Brazil. Email: ariadna_soares@yahoo.com.br;Nurse, Master Teacher of Nursing, Coordinator of the Nursing Course, State University of Montes Claros/Unimontes. Montes Claros (MG), Brazil. Email: renatapfonseca@yahoo.com; Nurse, Master Teacher of Nursing, Department of Nursing, State University of Montes Claros / Unimontes. Montes Claros (MG), Brazil. Email: ecilacampos@hotmail.com; Nurse, Specialist in Emergency, Trauma and Intensive Care, Public Server of the University Hospital Clemente de Farias/HUCF. Montes Claros (MG), Brazil. Email: mrtorres26@yahoo.com.br Academic, Graduate Nursing, State University of Montes Claros/ Unimontes. Scholarship Student of the Program for Scientific Initiation of CNPq /FAPEMIG/UNIMONTES. Montes Claros (MG), Brazil. Email: cassio-enfermagem2011@hotmail.com ORIGINAL ARTICLE Silva PLN da, Soares AP, Gonçalves RPF et al. Late neonatal sepsis: an analysis of risk factors...

Evaluation of epidemiologic hipertensive registered in a basic health unit

1024x768 RESUMO Objetivo: investigar o perfil epidemiologico dos hipertensos cadastrados em uma Unidade de Saude. Metodo: estudo descritivo, documental, exploratorio e quantitativo, com 284 hipertensos. Os dados foram coletados com um formulario semiestruturado, digitados no SPSS versao 18.0 e, posteriormente, realizada a analise descritiva. O projeto foi aprovado pelo Comite de Etica em Pesquisa, CAAE: 17094413.5.0000.5109. Resultados: a maior parte da amostra era do sexo feminino, com faixa etaria entre 50-55 anos, pardos e residentes na zona rural. Dentre as alteracoes da massa corporal, predominou-se a obesidade grau I (22,5%). Quanto aos valores pressoricos ha predominância dos valores de normalidade (40,1%). Os fatores de risco prevalentes foram os antecedentes familiares seguidos da obesidade/sobrepeso. Conclusao: a Unidade de Saude deve continuar capacitando os usuarios a fim de melhorar os fatores de risco modificaveis que agravam o quadro hipertensivo. Descritores: Hipertensao; Indice de Massa Corporal; Fatores de Risco; Complicacoes; Epidemiologia Descritiva; Centros de Saude. ABSTRACT Objective: investigating the epidemiological profile of hypertensive patients enrolled in a Health Unit. Method: a descriptive, documentary, exploratory and quantitative study, with 284 hypertensive patients. The data were collected with a semi-structured form, typed in the SPSS version 18.0 and, later, conducted the descriptive analysis. The project was approved by the Ethics Research Committee, CAAE: 17094413.5.0000.5109. Results: the majority of the sample was female, aged between 50-55 years old, brown and residents of rural areas. Among the changes in body mass, prevailed obesity level I (22,5%). As for pressure values there is a ​​ predominance of normality values (40,1%). The prevalent risk factors were the family history followed by obesity / overweight. Conclusion: Health Unit should continue empowering users to improving the modifiable risk factors those aggravate the tension frame. Descriptors: Hypertension; Body Mass Index; Risk Factors; Complications; Descriptive Epidemiology; Health Centers. RESUMEN Objetivo: investigar el perfil epidemiologico de los pacientes hipertensos inscritos en una Unidad de Salud. Metodo: un estudio documental, descriptivo, exploratorio, cuantitativo realizado con 284 hipertensos. Los datos fueron recogidos con una forma semi-estructurada, escrita en el SPSS version 18.0 y posteriormente llevo a cabo el analisis descriptivo. El proyecto fue aprobado por el Comite de Etica en Investigacion, CAAE: 17094413.5.0000.5109. Resultados: la mayoria de la muestra fueron mujeres, con edades comprendidas entre 50 a 55 anos, de color pardo y los residentes de las zonas rurales. Entre los cambios en la masa corporal, prevalecio la obesidad de la clase I (22,5%). En cuanto a los valores de presion hay un predominio de los valores normales (40,1%). Los factores de riesgo predominantes fueron la historia familiar seguida de la obesidad / sobrepeso. Conclusion: la Unidad de Salud debe continuar a empoderar a los usuarios para mejorar sus factores de riesgo modificables que agravan el marco hipertensivo. Descriptores: Hipertension; Indice de Masa Corporal; Factores de Riesgo; Complicaciones; Epidemiologia Descriptiva; Centros de Salud. Normal 0 21 false false false PT-BR X-NONE X-NONE