Edilson Costa

Contents of commercial organic compound in the production of passiflora seedlings in different types of protected cultivation

Contents of commercial organic compound mixed with soil were used as substrate in the production of Passiflora edulis Sims f. flavicarpa Deg. seedlings. The experiment was carried out in the Aquidauana Campus at the State University of Mato Grosso do Sul, from September to December of 2007. Six environments were used: plastic greenhouse with height of 2.5m; nursery with height of 2.5m covered by shade net with black monofilament of 50% shading rate; nursery with height of 2.5m covered by Aluminum shading screen with shading rate of 50%; nursery with height of 1.8m covered by straw of native coconut; plastic greenhouse with height of 4.0m, zenith opened and thermal shade netting from Aluminet® under the roof and nursery with height of 3.5m covered by shade net with black monofilament of 50% shading rate. Five commercial organic compound contents of 0, 7, 14, 21 and 28%, mixed with soil were used. The experiment was carried out in a completely randomized split-plot scheme where the environments were principal plot and substrates were subplots. The greenhouse with height of 4.0 m, the nursery with height of 3.5 m and the nursery covered with coconut fibers showed the best seedlings. The contents of 7%, 14% and 21% of commercial organic compounds were viable for composition of the substrates with local soil.

Modelo de simulação da temperatura e umidade relativa do ar no interior de estufa plástica

A simulacao dos parâmetros climaticos de temperatura e umidade relativa do ar no interior de uma estufa plastica, por meio do balanco de energia, pode propiciar ao produtor uma ferramenta de auxilio na tomada de decisao. Nesse proposito, realizou-se uma simulacao das condicoes no interior de estufa plastica, em funcao de parâmetros externos e internos a ela. A simulacao revelou uma temperatura no interior da estufa plastica de 23,6 oC, e os sensores revelaram um valor medio de 24,1 oC para o periodo de cultivo da alface. Para a umidade relativa no interior da estufa plastica, o valor simulado foi de 61,6%, e o obtido com o auxilio de sensores foi de 66,0%. Os valores simulados apresentaram-se proximos dos valores obtidos pelos sensores, mostrando que o modelo pode ser usado para a estimativa da temperatura e umidade relativa do ar no interior da estufa plastica.

Ambientes protegidos e substratos com doses de composto orgânico comercial e solo na formação de mudas de Jatobazeiro em Aquidauana-MS

The Brazilian Cerrado has numerous fruit species with economic potential for exploitation in commercial cultivation. In this context an experiment was developed with jatoba-do-cerrado seedlings at the State University of Mato Grosso do Sul / Aquidauana-MS, from October 29th , 2009 to February 25th , 2010, in a greenhouse covered with polyethylene film of 150μm, light diffuser, with thermal reflective screen of 50% of shading under film, front and side with monofilament screen of 50% of shading and the nursery with black monofilament screen of 50% of shading and closing of 45 degrees. In these environments the plants were grown in plastic pots of 5.0 L filled with 100% of soil, 100% of organic compound and levels of 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80 and 90 of organic compound added to the soil. The experiment was carried out in a completely randomized split-plot scheme with five replications. In both environments, plants have emerged more rapidly, higher growth and more biomass accumulation in the substrate without addition of organic compound. In this substrate the plants developed better in the greenhouse. The seedlings did not show positive response at the organic compost levels. The organic compound used increased the pH of the substrates, showed excess of certain nutrients and did not contribute to an effective seedling growth.

Efeitos do Organosuper® e do ambiente protegido na formação de mudas de mamoeiro

The objective of this research was to evaluate contents of organic compounds and protected environment in the formation of papaya seedling. The experiment was carried out in 2007 from September to December. The environments were: plastic greenhouse with height of 2.5m; nursery with height of 2.5m covered by shade net with black monofilament of 50% shading rate; nursery with height of 2.5m covered by Aluminum shading screen with shading rate of 50%; nursery with height of 1.8m covered by straw of native coconut; plastic greenhouse with height of 4.0m covered by zenith opened and thermal shade net under the roof, and nursery with height of 3.5m covered by shade net with black monofilament of 50% shading rate. Five commercial organic compound named ORGANOSUPER® (made of residues of cold storage room, sugar cane bagass, fruits, vegetables, and cereals) contents of 0, 7, 14, 21 and 28%, mixed with soil. The experiment was conducted in a completely randomized split-plot scheme, with ten replications. In the greenhouse with height of 2.5 m there were the highest accumulation of dry biomass in papaya with substrates containing 0, 7 and 14% Organosuper®; the greenhouse with height of 4.0 m, and zenith opening, screen under thermo-reflective film, showed the largest plants, with larger leaves for substrates with 7 and 14% Organosuper®; 50 days after sowing the substrates 7, 14 and 21% favored the development of plants, higher number leaves and fresh and dry biomass. The substrates with over 21% and without organic compound were improper for development of the papaya seedling.

Production of baruzeiro seedling in different protected environments and substrates

The high seedlings quality is essential for deployment of homogeneous orchards. This study evaluated the baruzeiro (Dipteryx alata Vog) seedlings formation on different substrates within protected environments. It was used substrates with100% of cattle manure; 100% of cassava stems; 100% of vermiculite; 50% of cattle manure + 50% of cassava stems; 50% of cattle manure + 50% of vermiculite; 50% of cassava stems + 50% of vermiculite; and + ⅓ of cattle manure + ⅓ of cassava stems + ⅓ of vermiculite. These substrates were tested in protected areas: greenhouse; black shade net of 50% shading; and aluminized thermo-reflective screen of 50% shading. A completely randomized experimental design with five replicates of four plants was adopted. Initially, data were submitted to analysis of individual variance of the substrates, in each environment of cultivation, then performing the evaluation of the residual mean square and the analysis of these environments together for comparison. The best substrate for baruzeiro seedlings was pure vermiculite. The substrates with 100% of manure and the substrate with 33.33% of the mixed studied materials can be used for seedlings formation. The environment with screen can be indicated for the production of baruzeiro seedlings, since it gave vigor to the seedlings.

Diferentes composições de substratos e ambientes protegidos na formação de mudas de pé-franco de tamarindeiro

The tamarind is an important fruit occurring in the Brazilian Cerrado and with a deep root system having resistance to prolonged droughts. Its fruits are used in cooking, their seeds are used for animal fodder and its oil is used in the pharmaceutical companies. Given the above, this study had the aim to evaluable tamarind ungrafted seedlings formation in different substrates composition and protected environments. The seedlings were grown in greenhouse covered with low density polyethylene film of 150 micron and screen thermal-reflector of 50% shading under film; nursery with black monofilament screen 50% of shading and nursery with screen thermal-reflector of 50% shading. In each cultivation environment, substrates were tested: 100% soil, 80% soil and 20% organic compost, 60% soil and 40% organic compost, 40% soil and 60% organic compost, 20% soil and 80% organic compost, and 100% organic compost. The effect of environment was examined using statistical procedures for analysis of combined experiments (experiments groups). Within environments a completely randomized design with eight replications. The substrate with 80% soil and 20% Organosuper® was the most conducive for seedlings. The greenhouse was the best environment for tamarind seedlings.

Medidas radiométricas em casas de vegetação com cobertura plástica na região de Campinas - SP

The objective of this study was to characterize the radiometric relationship and changing in three greenhouses covered with transparent low density polyethylene film (PEBD) with a 150µm single layer of low density polyethylene film, treated with compounds that inhibit rapid degradation by ultraviolet radiation, under effects of different environments. The experiments were conducted during hydroponics lettuce production of Vera variety at Campinas region-SP in different periods of the year, aiming the use of experimental data from meteorological stations in substitution of the needs to pursue radiometric equipments for internal measurements. Three identical greenhouses, in shape and volume, with steel metal structure were used. Data of internal and external global solar radiation (RSGI and RSGE, W m2), photosynthetically active radiation (RFA, µmol m-2 s-1), and ultraviolet radiation in 254; 312 e 365 nm (RUV, W m-2) were collected. The results showed that the linear regression equations are acceptable to estimate the photosynthetically active radiation based on the external global solar radiation. Closed acclimatized greenhouses show better statistical correlation between the photosynthetically active radiation and the external global solar radiation. The orientation of non acclimatized greenhouses does not influence the internal scattering of photosynthetically active radiation.

Ambientes de cultivo, recipientes e substratos na produção de biomassa foliar e radicular em mudas de maracujazeiro amarelo em Aquidauana - MS

The objective of the work was to evaluate the effects of environment, recipients, and substrate compositions in passion fruit (Passiflora edulis Sims f. flavicarpa Deg.) seedlings biomass production in Pantanal region from September to November of 2006. Experimental trials were conducted in four protected environments, in two types of containers and three different substrate compositions. The environments were: A1 (greenhouse covered with low-density, 150-microns-thick polyethylene film), A2 (monofilament black screened with mesh for 50% of shade), A3 (aluminized screened with mesh for 50% of shade) and A4 (environment covered with straw of native coconut palm); the recipients were: polyethylene bags (R1) (15 x 25 cm) and polystyrene trays (R2) (with 72 cells). There substrates were: S1 (soil + organic compost + vermiculite, 1:1: 1 v/v), S2 (soil + organic compost + sawdust, 1:1: 1 v/v) and S3 (soil + organic compost + vermiculite + sawdust, 1:1: 1/2: 1/2 v/v). The experimental design was completely randomized statistical analysis in split-split-plot, with fifteen replications. The treatments in the plot were environments, in the subplots were pots, and subsubplots were substrates (4 x 2 x 3 = 24 treatments). Fresh and dry mass of aerial and root system parts were evaluated. Environments with screen showed better results for seedlings of yellow passion fruit biomass in polyethylene bags. Polyethylene bags promoted higher biomasses. The substrate with vermiculite showed better results for both types of containers. The substrate with a higher percentage of sawdust showed the worst result.

Aspectos fisiológicos e qualidade de mudas da pimenteira em resposta ao vigor e condicionamento das sementes

Pepperis a fruit of the genus Capsicum, widely used in cooking as a seasoning. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of priming in Capsicum frutescens seeds, and on the seedlings obtained from seeds conditioned. The experimental design was completely randomized in a factorial scheme 2x6, referred to as: seed quality (above and below vigor) and five agents in priming (water, potassium nitrate at 0.2%, calcium nitrate at 0.2%, gibberellin GA 3 at 200 ppm and antioxidant riboflavin at 25 ppm), and the control; with four replications. To obtain of seeds with smaller vigor minus the deterioration was performed at 42 °C for 24 hours. The employee priming method was to hydration between roles, by 20 hours at 25 ° C period. Germination and seed vigor were evaluated, as well as the emergence and seedling quality. Seeds with above vigor have better expression of the physiological potential in relation to the below vigor. The priming presented higher emergence rate. Primed seeds produced seedlings with higher dry matter.

Guavira emergence and seedling production with substrates containing organic compost and soil under different screen environments

This study aimed to evaluate different proportions of organic compost and soil as a substrate for the guavira emergence and seedling formation under different protected environments, in the high Pantanal region of the state of Mato Grosso do Sul. The seeds were placed in polyethylene bags (15 x 25 centimeters) filled with four percentages of organic compost (0%, 20%, 80%, and 100% of total volume) mixed with soil. These substrates were tested in agro-nurseries covered with black screen and 50% thermo-reflecting shade cloths. The substrate with 20% soil and 80% organic compost and the black screen shade cloth promote the best performance in the seedling production.