Eduardo José de Arruda

Síntese e caracterização de estruturas densas e porosas de quitosana

In this work, we studied the preparation and characterization of porous and non-porous chitosan membranes, which may have several technological uses. For characterization, we have used microscopy (scanning electron microscopy -SEM- and atomic force microscopy -AFM), potentiometric titration and infrared spectroscopy (FTIR-ATR). The synthesis of structures were done by total or partial casting of a 2.5% (w/w) chitosan acetic solution and further coagulation. Glutaraldehyde was also used to chemically modify chitosan, making it more hydrophobic. The extension of this process could be observed by FTIR-ATR, and by using a factorial plan which varied time of fixation and concentration of glutaraldehyde solution.

Eficiência de produtos vegetais no controle da lagarta-do-cartucho-do-milho Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E.Smith, 1797) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

O presente trabalho teve por objetivo avaliar a eficiencia de produtos vegetais no controle de Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E.Smith, 1797) na cultura do milho. Os experimentos foram instalados, nos anos de 2002 e 2004, com a pulverizacao dos produtos vegetais em cinco tratamentos, e quatro repeticoes. No ano de 2002, os produtos testados foram: Azadirachta indica A. Juss. (extrato aquoso 2%), e oleo a 1%; Melia azedarach L. (extrato aquoso 2%); Quassia amara L. (extrato aquoso 2%); oleo de nim, Azadirachta indica 1 e 2%. No ano de 2004, os produtos testados foram: A. indica (extrato aquoso 5%), e oleo a 2%, M. azedarach (extrato aquoso 5%), Trichilia pallida Sw. (extrato aquoso 5%). As avaliacoes, porcentagem de infestacao da lagarta-do-cartucho por parcela, foram efetuadas aos tres, sete e dez dias apos a pulverizacao dos extratos. Conclui-se que extratos aquosos das plantas A. indica 2%, T.pallida 5%, Q. amara 2% e M. azedarach 2% e 5% e oleo de A. indica 1% e 2% com adicao de tenso ativo nao ionico, nao possuem eficiencia necessaria como unico metodo de controle da largarta-do-cartucho S. frugiperda em condicoes de campo. Os produtos comecam a afetar o desenvolvimento da lagarta apos alguns dias da ingestao das folhas pulverizadas, observado na avaliacao efetuada aos sete dias apos a aplicacao dos extratos.

Production of chemically modified chitosan microspheres by a spraying and coagulation method

Chitosan microspheres can be used in several applications, as biomaterials, in biotechnology processes and as adsorbents. The control of particle size in microsphere production is important to make these applications viable. This study focuses on the production and morphological characterization of chitosan microspheres. Microspheres were prepared by a spraying and coagulation process. Particles underwent chemical modifications with glutaraldehyde, epichlorohydrin or acetic anhydride treatments. The microspheres presented a fairly good sphericity (0.74) but an irregular micro-surface morphology. The mean particle size (MPS) ranged from 140 to 281 mm and the mean standard deviation (MSD) from 119 to 238 mm. The conditions were modelled to provide desired MPS and MSD by using the response surface methodology (RSM).

Synthesis and Biological Activity of Fe (III) Acetate for Microbial Control at Breeding Sites of Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae)

Unconventional approaches can be used control populations of disease-carrying insect to improve health, economic, social, and environmental standards. There is a need for prolonged reduction of vector populations, using low-toxicity and low-cost products in domestic settings. Metals such copper and iron have shown to be toxic to insect larvae, with a delay in reproduction, damage to the cells of the digestive system and the production of free radicals and oxidant species, resulting in tissue damage and death. To control insect breeding, we synthesized and characterized Fe (III) acetate via carbonate. Fe (III) acetate showed no toxic effect on mosquito larvae up to 1.000 mg L -1 , but was bactericidal for Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, mainly due to the action of Fe (III) acetate. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.17807/orbital.v10i5.1135

Evaluation of Eosin-Methylene Blue as a Photosensitizer for Larval Control of Aedes aegypti by a Photodynamic Process

Aedes aegypti (Ae. aegypti) is a competent vector for transmitting important viral diseases such as yellow fever, dengue, chikungunya, and Zika. Several strategies have been applied to avoid Ae. aegypti proliferation by using environmental management, biological, and chemical approaches. However, the development of new methods for effective control of the insect vector population is still needed. Photodynamic control is an alternative way to control the vector population by using a physical approach based on the larval phototoxicity of a photosensitizer. In this context, the present study evaluated the use of eosin-methylene blue (EMB) as a new photosensitizer for photodynamic control of Ae. aegypti larval populations. The photodynamic assays were performed submitting Ae. aegypti third-instar larvae to different EMB concentrations (0.0, 0.5, 1.0, 5.0, 10.0, 50.0, and 100.0 µg mL−1) in combination of three different light doses (24.3, 48.6, and 97.2 J cm−2) under either white-light radiation from RGB LEDs or sunlight. The results demonstrated that EMB presented a rapid internalization into the larvae and was phototoxic. The photodynamic action induced 100% of larval mortality after about 40 min of sunlight irradiation even using low EMB concentration (0.5 µg mL−1). The findings reveal EMB as an effective photoactive compound to control larval populations of Ae. aegypti by photodynamic process induced by either sunlight or white-light from RGB LEDs.

A simple method for immobilising small dipteran insects and its validation for Aedes aegypti

Isa ıas Cabrini*, Carlos Fernando S. Andrade, Marcelo da Costa Ferreira & Eduardo Jos e de Arruda Department of Animal Biology, Institute of Biology, State University of Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil, Faculty of Exact Sciences and Technology, Federal University of Grande Dourados, Dourados, MS, Brazil, and Faculty of Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences, Paulista State University, Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil

O Cumbaru (Dipteryx alata Vog.), o desenvolvimento local e a sustentabilidade biológica no assentamento Andalucia, Nioaque/MS

This article contextualizes the importance of the biological sustainability of Tonkabean (Cumbaru) (Dipteryx alata Vog.) as well the utilization of the community’s potential for the local development of the Andalucia settling. Development local-based is today one of the best alternative as a way of solving serious problems, which rural workers and municipalities face.Este artigo contextualiza a importância da sustentabilidade biologica do Cumbaru (Dipteryx alata Vog.) e o aproveitamento das potencialidades da comunidade para o desenvolvimento local do assentamento Andalucia. O desenvolvimento em bases locais e hoje uma das alternativas mais fecundas, como caminho para a resolucao dos graves problemas com os quais se defrontam os trabalhadores rurais e os municipios de predominância rural.

Tonkabean (Dipteryx alata Vog.), local development and the biological sustainability in the Andalucia Settling, Nioaque/MS

This article contextualizes the importance of the biological sustainability of Tonkabean (Cumbaru) (Dipteryx alata Vog.) as well the utilization of the community’s potential for the local development of the Andalucia settling. Development local-based is today one of the best alternative as a way of solving serious problems, which rural workers and municipalities face.Este artigo contextualiza a importância da sustentabilidade biologica do Cumbaru (Dipteryx alata Vog.) e o aproveitamento das potencialidades da comunidade para o desenvolvimento local do assentamento Andalucia. O desenvolvimento em bases locais e hoje uma das alternativas mais fecundas, como caminho para a resolucao dos graves problemas com os quais se defrontam os trabalhadores rurais e os municipios de predominância rural.

El Cumbaru (Dipteryx alata Vog.) el desarrollo local y la sostenibilidad biológica em el Sítio Andalucia, Nioaque/MS

This article contextualizes the importance of the biological sustainability of Tonkabean (Cumbaru) (Dipteryx alata Vog.) as well the utilization of the community’s potential for the local development of the Andalucia settling. Development local-based is today one of the best alternative as a way of solving serious problems, which rural workers and municipalities face.Este artigo contextualiza a importância da sustentabilidade biologica do Cumbaru (Dipteryx alata Vog.) e o aproveitamento das potencialidades da comunidade para o desenvolvimento local do assentamento Andalucia. O desenvolvimento em bases locais e hoje uma das alternativas mais fecundas, como caminho para a resolucao dos graves problemas com os quais se defrontam os trabalhadores rurais e os municipios de predominância rural.