Eduardo Norberto Codaro

A comparative study of the corrosion of high copper dental amalgams

Abstract Metallographic studies carried out for Tytin-Plus and Dispersalloy amalgams show a porous multiphase material, whose surface phases are: γ -(Ag 3 Sn), γ 1 -(Ag 2 Hg 3 ), η ′-(Cu 6 Sn 5 ) and e -(Cu 3 Sn). Additionally, Dispersalloy is present in the Ag–Cu eutectic. The application of surface analysis by SEM reveal a heterogeneous distribution of the above mentioned phases. Microstructures consisting of colonies or clusters were not observed. The corrosion testing of these materials was done in 0.9% NaCl aerated solution at 25°C using potentiodynamic polarization curves and ac impedance measurements. The corrosion process in these multiphase systems can be interpreted as the sum of more than one electrodissolution process and the posterior formation of corrosion films. On each electrode, the corrosion film is formed by different mechanisms.

Propriedades mecânicas e resistência à corrosão da liga Ti-4Al-4V obtida da reciclagem da liga Ti-6Al-4V

The present work aimed to study the transformation from as-cast structure of the Ti4Al-4V alloy, as a result of the Ti-6Al-4V recycling, after some rapid heat treatments based on martensitic reactions. The effects on mechanical properties were evaluated by Vickers hardness measurements, Charpy and monotonic tensile tests. The corrosion strength was tested by immersion during 4 months in artificial physiological solutions, to evaluate its possible use as a biomaterial. The data pointed to: a) a reduction on corrosion strength for quenching above b transus; b) significant increasing on hardness and mechanical strength; c) a maintenance of impact toughness; d) the corrosion strength for immersion in a NaCl 1%+ NaF 0,1% (m/m) was lower in all conditions, specially for those including heating to 900 °C.

CORROSÃO DO AÇO-CARBONO: UMA ABORDAGEM DO COTIDIANO NO ENSINO DE QUÍMICA

CARBON STEEL CORROSION: AN EVERYDAY APPROACH FOR CHEMISTRY TEACHING. In this paper, two simple ways of evaluating carbon steel sheet corrosion in a hydrochloric acid solution were presented as an experimental proposal for corrosion teaching. The first method is based on direct measurements of mass before and after corrosion tests. The second approach follows the principle of visual colorimetry by which soluble corrosion products are transformed into red complexes allowing monitoring of the products’ concentration according to increases in solution color intensity. Both methods proved able to determine the corrosion rate.

UMA EXPERIÊNCIA DIDÁTICA DE CORROSÃO USANDO COLORIMETRIA VISUAL

In this paper, a simple and rapid method of evaluating galvanized steel sheet corrosion in a CuSO4 solution, as an experimentation proposal for corrosion teaching. Galvanized steel corrosion is present in tanks and tubing by leading of natural or industrial waters which contain soluble copper compounds. This was the rationale for choosing the Cu2+ ions solution as an oxidizing agent. The method principle is based on visual colorimetry because the used oxidant has an intense blue color. Thus, a change in its concentration as a result of the corrosive process can be followed by a color intensity change in the solution thereby allowing evaluation of the corrosion rate.

Avaliação do efeito de gases poluentes na corrosão metálica: um experimento para o ensino da corrosão

In this work one proposes a didactic experience to simulate atmospheric corrosion of copper and nickel, due to sulfur dioxide presence. This is an opportunity to understand some basic aspects of atmospheric corrosion, by using fundamental concepts in chemistry, reactions of extraction and characterization of pollutants, as well as their participation in corrosion process. This subject opens a space for discussion about necessity of pollutant gases emissions control for preservation of materials and the environment.

Análise morfológica da corrosão por pites em aço inoxidável austenítico AISI 310S submetido à exposição em névoa salina

This paper aims to study evolution of increase, distribution and classification of pits in 310S austenitic stainless steels obtained in the state as-received and heat-treated under different exposure times in saline. This work applicability has been based on a technique development for morphologic characterization of localized corrosion associated with description aspects of shapes, size and population-specific parameters. Methodology has been consisted in the following steps: specimens preparation, corrosion tests via salt spray in different conditions, microstructural analysis, pits profiles analysis and images analysis, digital processing and image analysis in order to characterize the pits distribution, morphology and size. Results obtained in digital processing and profiles image analysis have been subjected to statistical analysis using median as parameter in the alloy as received and treated.The alloy as received displays the following morphology: hemispheric pits> transition region A> transition region B> irregular> conic. The pits amount in the treated alloy at each exposure time is: transition region B> hemispherical> transition region A> conic> irregular.

Um estudo termodinâmico da corrosão dos aços carbono pelo sulfeto de hidrogênio - explorando conceitos de equilíbrio químico

Univ Estadual Paulista, Dept Fis & Quim, Fac Engn Guaratingueta, BR-12516410 Guaratingueta, SP, Brazil

A Comparative Study of Hydrogen-Induced Cracking Resistances of API 5L B and X52MS Carbon Steels

Susceptibility to hydrogen-induced cracking of API 5L B and X52MS low-carbon steels in NACE 177-A, 177-B, and 284-B solutions has been investigated by the present work. A metallographic analysis of these steels was performed before and after NACE TM0284 standard testing. Corrosion products were characterized by scanning electron microscopy and X-ray dispersive energy spectrometry, which were subsequently identified by X-ray diffraction. Thus it was found that pH directly affects the solubility of corrosion products and hydrogen permeation. Both steels showed generalized corrosion in solution 177-A, and a discontinuous film was formed on their surfaces in solution 177-B; however, only the API 5L B steel failed the HIC test and exhibited greater crack length ratio in solution 177-A. In solution 284-B whose pH is higher, the steels exhibited thick mackinawite films with no internal cracking.

Effect of Pulsed Current Frequency and Anodisation Time on Surface Properties of Electropolished and Nonelectropolished Titanium Substrates

Surface characteristics of anodic films formed on electropolished and nonelectropolished titanium substrates have been evaluated using different sets of anodisation parameters at room temperature. Surfaces were analysed by light microscopy, Raman spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and X-ray diffraction. The formation of TiO2 anatase phase was only detected on nonelectropolished substrates and there seems to be a larger amount of anatase as samples are anodised; consequently, the smallest crystals were obtained at the highest frequency of pulsed current. EIS results showed that there is no difference in the degree of compactness along the layer thickness.

COMPORTAMENTO ELETROQUÍMICO DO AÇO API 5L X52MS EM DIFERENTES SOLUÇÕES NORMATIZADAS

Resumo A qualificação dos aços utilizados na construção de dutos para serviço ácido geralmente se faz através de testes laboratoriais em meios corrosivos normatizados, sendo os mais utilizados as soluções descritas nas normas NACE TM0284 e TM0177. Neste trabalho, o processo corrosivo do aço API 5L X52MS foi estudado por meio de curvas de polarização potenciodinâmica do material exposto às soluções 284-B, 177-A e 177-B. As taxas de corrosão desse tipo de aço foram determinadas em cada meio, concluindo-se que a severidade do meio de teste se reduz com o incremento do pH, o qual tem impacto direto sobre a solubilidade dos produtos de corrosão e também sobre a difusão de hidrogênio atômico para o interior do material. Palavras-chave: API 5L X52MS; Aço carbono; Corrosão; Curvas de polarização