Eka Agustia Rini

Collaborative progress test (cPT) in three medical schools in Indonesia: The validity, reliability and its use as a curriculum evaluation tool

Abstract Background: Three medical schools in Indonesia have been collaborating in evaluating the learning process in the current curriculum by administering a collaborative progress test (cPT). The 120 multiple choice questions for cPT was developed by the three schools. This study aimed to assess the validity and reliability of the cPT as a part of curriculum evaluation. Method: The cPT was administered to year 1–5 students. A stratified random sampling based on the student Grade Point Average (GPA) was performed. The construct validity was established by assessing the accordant increase of mean score of cPT to the student year level. Finally, the reliability of the cPT was calculated using Cronbach Alpha coefficient. Result and discussion: A total of 223, 219 and 161 year 1 to 5 students completed the cPT in FM UI, FM UNAND, and FM UNS, respectively. The content and construct validity of the cPT were evident. There was an increase of the mean score from year 1 to 5, either in the pooled data (one way ANOVA F 174.7(4), p < 0.001) and in each school (one way ANOVA FMUI F 102.5 (4) p < 0.001, FM UNAND F 83.0 (4) p < 0.001, FM UNS 28.28(4) p < 0.001). The internal consistency of the cPT was very good in the three institutions. Conclusion: The cPT was proven to be a valid and reliable test to measure the increase of knowledge of medical students and was also useful to provide feedback for curriculum evaluation in the three medical schools. Further improvement is required in assuring the test blueprint and the content of the test items.

Correlation between lipid profiles and body mass index of adolescents obesity in Padang

Result The samples included 36 male (45%) and 44 female (55%) adolescents obesity with mean of ages 16 years 4 months. Mean of body mass index was 32,02(SD 3,47). The dyslipidemia; hypercholesterolemia, increased LDL, increased of triglyceride and decreased of HDL (40%, 41,3%, 25% and 43,8% respectively). The triglyceride level increased with increasing BMI (p = 0,008 and R = 0,294), but there were no significant correlation between cholesterol, HDL and LDL versus body mass index (p = 0,258; 0,416 and 0,594; with R = 0,128; 0,09 and 0,06 respectively). Conclusion There was a positive correlation between body mass index and triglyceride level.

Pengaruh Pemberian Omega-3 Terhadap Kadar C-Reactive Protein pada Remaja Obes Resistensi Insulin

Latar belakang. Obesitas berperan penting terhadap terjadinya sindrom metabolik yang dapat menyebabkan resistensi insulin, dislipidemia, diabetes mellitus dan hipertensi yang akan meningkatkan risiko penyakit jantung koroner. Jaringan adiposa pada obesitas akan memproduksi berbagai sitokin antara lain TNF-α dan IL-6 yang selanjutnya merangsang hati untuk menghasilkan C-RP. Omega-3 mempunyai efek anti inflamasi, dapat meningkatkan sensitifitas insulin, mengurangi resistensi insulin, perlemakan hati dan memperbaiki profil lemak serta menurunkan kadar C-RP. Tujuan . Mengetahui pengaruh pemberian Omega-3 terhadap kadar C-RP pada remaja obesitas resistensi insulin. Metode. Penelitian eksperimental dari November 2011 sampai Maret 2012 dengan disain pre and post-test group. Obesitas ditentukan berdasarkan pengukuran indek massa tubuh (IMT) >p-95 WHO-NCHS, resistensi insulin menurut kadar homeostasis model assesmentinsulin resistence (HOMA-IR) >3,16. Sampel terpilih diperiksa kadar C-RP sebelum dan sesudah pemberian Omega-3. Omega-3 diberikan selama 3 bulan dengan dosis 250 mg perhari. C-RP diperiksa secara Elisa dengan metode CMIA (chemiluminescent Immunometriz assay), sensitivitas 0,01 mg/dL. Data diolah menggunakan paired t-test (α=0,05). Hasil . Didapatkan 75 orang remaja obesitas dan 21 orang di antaranya (50,7%) mengalami resistensi insulin. Sebanyak 21 sampel diuji, lebih dari separuh laki-laki (57,1% vs 42,9%). Rerata umur 16±0,68 tahun, rerata IMT 32,88±2,44 kg/m2. Rerata kadar glukosa, insulin puasa dan HOMA-IR, masing-masing adalah 90,36±14,94 mg/dl, 20,89±4,19 μIU/L dan 4,52±0,89. Terdapat penurunan kadar C-RP sebelum dan sesudah pemberian Omega-3, yaitu 8,69±5,46 mg/dL menjadi 6,41±4,77 mg/dL. Penurunan ini bermakna secara statistik (p=0,018). Kesimpulan. Konsumsi Omega-3 selama 3 bulan menurunkan kadar C-RP remaja obesitas resistensi insulin.

Association between lipid profile and blood pressure in obese adolescents in Padang

Results Increased blood pressure occurred in 32% of all samples with 27% of prehypertension and 5% hypertension. Dyslipidemia, cholesterol levels, high LDL and triglycerides and low HDL levels found respectively 40%, 41.3%, 25% and 43.8% of the total sample. Obese adolescents with increased blood pressure have high triglyceride levels compared with obese adolescents with normal blood pressure, (40.6% vs 14.6% with P 0.009).

The effect of vitamin c supplementation on intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) concentration on male adolescent obesity in Padang

Method The randomized double blind controlled trial of 40 obese adolescent boys aged 14-18 years old were performed on March-May 2011. Subjects were classified into 2 groups, the Vitamin C 500 mg treatment group and the control group which got placebo, twice daily for 8 weeks. The ICAM-1 concentration of both groups was examined before and after the treatment. The data were analyzed with paired sample t-test and independant t-test with significant degree p<0.05.

Mauriac syndrome and early cataract diabetic

Mauriac syndrome (MS) is characterized by development of dwarfism, obesity and hepatomegaly in patients with insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). Growth retardation and hepatomegaly in IDDM should alert physicians over insufficient management of DM.

Correlation nitric oxide level and homeostatic model assessment insulin resistance in obese adolescent

Background childhood obesity is a significant health problem that has reached epidemic proportions around the world. Childhood obesity associated with increased risk for several cardiovascular and metabolic syndrome, such as insulin resistance. Homeostatic model assessment insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) is a marker widely used for insulin resistance. Nitrit oxide (NO) has important role in insulin resistance.

Prevalence of Non Alcoholic Steatohepatitis (NASH) and association with body mass index in obese adolescents in Padang.

Background The prevalence of obesity in children increased from year to year and cause a variety of chronic diseases such as Non Alcoholic Steatohepatitis (NASH). NASH is a liver inflammation due to accumulation of fat in the liver, which had no relationship with alcohol consumption, but associated with obesity and diabetes factors. In most cases, diagnosis of NASH was established by elevated levels of aminotransferase enzymes.

The effect of Vitamin C supplementation toward high sensitivity c-reactive protein (hsC-RP) level on male adolescent obesity in Padang

Background Prevalence of obesity in children and adolescent has significantly increased, it becomes a serious problem because of the overreleasing of interleukin-6 (IL-6), disruption on the oxidative balance, risk factor of getting cardiovascular disease with typically marked by elevation of the hight sensitivity C-Reactive Protein (hsC-RP). On the way to decrease IL-6 release from the visceral adipose cell is by treating the oxidative stress with antioxidant agent, such as Vitamin C.