Eli Regina Barboza de Souza

Características químicas de amêndoas de barueiros (dipteryx alata vog.) de ocorrência natural no cerrado do estado de Goiás, Brasil

Aiming to broaden the knowledge about the nutritional content of baru fruits, a tree species from the Brazilian Savannah, in order to subsidize its economic management, it was determined the chemical characteristics of baru almonds from different geographical regions. In the state of Goias eleven sites were chosen for their abundance of baru trees, and at each site twelve trees in full production were randomly selected. Approximately sixty fruits were collected and, after selection, twenty fruits per tree were sampled. The almonds were extracted from the fruits and crushed, constituting a composite sample. Moisture content, protein, ether extract, minerals and fatty acid profiles were determined and submitted to analysis of variance and the means were compared by the Tukey test at 5% of probability. The almonds average moisture contents varied from 2.93 to 5.07g (100g)-1 from 25.16 to 27.69 (100g)-1 for proteins and from 32.42 to 37.36g (100)-1 for ether extract. The average content of saturated fatty acids varied from 19.93 to 25.74g (100 g)-1, and the unsaturated fatty acids varied from 73.47 to 79.19g (100g)-1. The most common fatty acids were oleic and linoleic, followed by palmitic, lignoceric, estearic, behenic gadoleic and araquitic. The most common mineral macronutrients were potassium, phosphorus and sulfur. Among the mineral micronutrients, iron had the highest concentration.

Crescimento e sobrevivência de mudas de cagaiteira (Eugenia dysenterica DC) nas condições do cerrado

Many cerrado (tropical savannahs) fruits have potential for economic exploitation. The cagaita (Eugenia dysenterica DC) can be ingested in natura or like juices, ice cream, licor or jams. In this work, cagaita shoots from three tube-like plastic containers (50 cm3, 120 cm3 and 228cm3) and three rooting media types {soil + forest humus + vermiculite (1:1:2); soil + forest humus + vermiculite (1:1:2) + yoorin termophosphate 1g/l; and comercial Plantmax organic compound} were evaluated in the field for height and diameter growth and survival percentage. A randomized complete block design was used in a factorial model 3 x 3, with five replications and five plants per plot. All evaluations resulted in higher height and diameter growth for shoots from soil + forest humus + vermiculite rooting media, with or without chemical fertilization. The shoots obtained from different tube-like containers types and volumes showed survival rates between 76 and 100% at 540 days after transference to the field. Height and diameter growth were slow, reaching 46,267 cm and 0,637 cm at 540 days, respectively. This diameter can be considered suitable for grafting in this species.

Fenologia de cagaiteira (Eugenia dysenterica DC.) no Estado de Goiás

The objective of this research was to accompany and to register the phenological behavior of the cagaiteira (Eugenia dysenterica DC.), relating the frequency of the phenophases in four E. dysenterica populations to the climate conditions of the studied period. Three of those populations are located at the Escola de Agronomia e Engenharia de Alimentos, Universidade Federal de Goias (EA/UFG), in Goiânia, Goias State (Brazil). A fourth population comprises native E. dysenterica plants, located in the municipality of Senador Canedo, Goias State. Climatological data were obtained from the first class station at EA/UFG. The studied cagaiteira populations presented the same behavior of the appraised phenophases. The cagaiteira leafing in the studied populations behaves in a continuous way, during the whole year and at greater intensity in the period of total leaf renewal, coinciding with the increase of the relative air humidity and temperature in the months of September and October. The cagaiteira flowering is synchronic o and abundant. The fruiting was smaller in younger plants. The development and maturation of the fruit was fast (30 to 40 days) and coinciding with the start of the rainy season. Older and more developed cagaiteiras (Senador Canedo) presented higher production, some reaching over 2,000 fruits per year.

PRODUÇÃO DE FRUTOS DE POPULAÇÕES NATURAIS DE PEQUIZEIRO NO ESTADO DE GOIÁS

ABSTRACTThe pequi tree is a native species from the Brazilian Cerrado (Neotropical Savanna) with economic and cultural importance for local human population, needing however, techniques that make possible the implantation of orchards, its conduction and the harvest of fruits, as a tool for reducing the pressure on the natural environment, as well as the maintenance of the regional culture. The present study aimed to characterize the production of pequi trees of natural occurrence in fifteen dispersed populations in five regions of the state of Goias, Brazil. The “Pequizeiro” differed significantly in three years of production in the State of Goias, with an average of 132 fruits per plant and yield of the projected area of the canopy of 1.64 fruits m-2. The three most productive populations have characteristics in common as the vigor by being located in an open environment and by presenting the beginning of the canopy closer to the ground. It is concluded that the production of “pequizeiro” in the state of the Goias, shows great variability among crops, plants and populations, usually low, but there are promising plants for future breeding programs.

Citrus Sinensis cultivars: alternatives for diversification of brazilian orchards

1Agronomist, MSc in Plant Production at Federal University of Goiás, School of Agronomy, Campus of Samambaia, Goiânia GO, Brazil. Email: charliscouto@hotmail.com 2PhD in Agronomy (Plant Production), Adjunct Professor at Federal University of Goiás, School of Agronomy, Campus of Samambaia, Goiânia GO. Brazil. Email: eliregina1@gmail.com 3PhD in Agronomy (Plant Production), Post-Doctorate at Federal University of Goiás, School of Agronomy, Campus of Samambaia, Goiânia GO. Brazil. Email: cristianemorgado4@yahoo.com.br 4Master’s degree in Agronomy (Plant Technology), Rural Development Analyst at the Agency for Technical Assistance and Agricultural Research of Goiás, Experimental Station of Anápolis. Anápolis-GO. Brazil. Email: t.ogata@hotmail.com 5 PhD in Agronomy (Plant Science), Adjunct Professor at Federal University of Goiás, School of Agronomy, Campus of Samambaia, Goiânia GO. Brazil. Email: cunhajunior.l.c@gmail.com Abstract This work aimed to evaluate the physicochemical characteristics of different orange cultivars (Citrus sinensis) in order to identify those with potential to the consumer market and/or for processing. Five orange cultivars were evaluated: ‘Natal IAC’, ‘Natal 112’, ‘Pera IAC 2000’, ‘Pera IAC’, ‘Baianinha’ and ‘Pera Rio’, which were harvested at maturation stage considered ideal for commercialization in the “Agência Goiana de Assistência Técnica, Extensão Rural e Pesquisa Agropecuária – EMATER” experimental orchard at the municipality of Anápolis, state of Goiás. After harvesting, fruits were transported to the laboratory, selected, standardized, washed and allowed to dry. Subsequently, skin color, longitudinal and cross-sectional diameter, number of seeds, fruit and juice, yield, levels of soluble solids, ascorbic acid and total extractable polyphenols, pH and total antioxidant capacity analyses were conducted. Among cultivars studied, ‘Baianinha’ and ‘Pera IAC’ can be alternatives to citrus growers, with potential to be accepted among consumers and processing industries. Index-terms: orange, fruit quality, titratable acidity, soluble solids, ascorbic acid, total extractable polyphenols.

Development of Eugenia dysenterica (Mart.) DC. seedlings in the Cerrado, Brazil

Eugenia dysenterica (Mart.) DC. is a native tree of the Cerrado, a Brazilian ecosystem similar to the savannas. It has various uses such as food, medicinal, timber, ornamental and reforestation. Its fruits can be eaten raw or processed for the preparation of juices, liquors, cakes and ice cream. However, their exploitation has been made of extraction and often predatory manner. The objective of this study was to evaluate the phenology, plant biometrics and survival of a collection of Cagaiteiras trees in the initial phase of development located in the Cerrado, in Goiânia municipality. We collected fruits of 25 natural subpopulations of 5 states of the Brazilian Cerrado (Bahia, Goiás, Mato Grosso, Minas Gerais, and Tocantins). Within each subpopulation, six trees (mother plant) were sampled (with exceptions the subpopulations 2, 12, and 21 that were sampled five, four and five, respectively), and five fruits of each mother plant were collected. The collection was established in November 2013; the evaluations occurred between March and October 2014. We conducted an initial assessment, and another monthly between April and October 2014. The progenies manifested differently for the traits, being observed high variability among traits.

DETERMINATION OF THE FATTY ACID PROFILE IN Eugenia dysenterica DC. SEEDS

The present research aimed to determine the fatty acid profile in the seed oil of cagaita fruits cultivated in Goiânia, state of Goias, in 2013 and 2014 harvests. The study was carried out with fruits produced by cagaita trees cultivated in the field of the School of Agronomy, Federal University of Goias (EA/UFG), Goiânia, GO, where, in 1998, 440 cagaita seedlings from different municipalities in Goias were planted. Fruits were collected from plants with 16 years of age in full production stage. Cagaita seeds show in their fatty acid profile mostly linoleic acid, oleic acid and palmitic acid. There was no variation in fatty acids content present in seeds between years 2013 and 2014, assuming that there are no external influences such as weather, foliar nutrients or soil, in the production of these oils