Jácomo Divino Borges

Crescimento e sobrevivência de mudas de cagaiteira (Eugenia dysenterica DC) nas condições do cerrado

Many cerrado (tropical savannahs) fruits have potential for economic exploitation. The cagaita (Eugenia dysenterica DC) can be ingested in natura or like juices, ice cream, licor or jams. In this work, cagaita shoots from three tube-like plastic containers (50 cm3, 120 cm3 and 228cm3) and three rooting media types {soil + forest humus + vermiculite (1:1:2); soil + forest humus + vermiculite (1:1:2) + yoorin termophosphate 1g/l; and comercial Plantmax organic compound} were evaluated in the field for height and diameter growth and survival percentage. A randomized complete block design was used in a factorial model 3 x 3, with five replications and five plants per plot. All evaluations resulted in higher height and diameter growth for shoots from soil + forest humus + vermiculite rooting media, with or without chemical fertilization. The shoots obtained from different tube-like containers types and volumes showed survival rates between 76 and 100% at 540 days after transference to the field. Height and diameter growth were slow, reaching 46,267 cm and 0,637 cm at 540 days, respectively. This diameter can be considered suitable for grafting in this species.

Fenologia de cagaiteira (Eugenia dysenterica DC.) no Estado de Goiás

The objective of this research was to accompany and to register the phenological behavior of the cagaiteira (Eugenia dysenterica DC.), relating the frequency of the phenophases in four E. dysenterica populations to the climate conditions of the studied period. Three of those populations are located at the Escola de Agronomia e Engenharia de Alimentos, Universidade Federal de Goias (EA/UFG), in Goiânia, Goias State (Brazil). A fourth population comprises native E. dysenterica plants, located in the municipality of Senador Canedo, Goias State. Climatological data were obtained from the first class station at EA/UFG. The studied cagaiteira populations presented the same behavior of the appraised phenophases. The cagaiteira leafing in the studied populations behaves in a continuous way, during the whole year and at greater intensity in the period of total leaf renewal, coinciding with the increase of the relative air humidity and temperature in the months of September and October. The cagaiteira flowering is synchronic o and abundant. The fruiting was smaller in younger plants. The development and maturation of the fruit was fast (30 to 40 days) and coinciding with the start of the rainy season. Older and more developed cagaiteiras (Senador Canedo) presented higher production, some reaching over 2,000 fruits per year.

Crescimento e produção de cúrcuma (Curcuma longa L.) em função de adubação mineral e densidade de plantio

Turmeric growth and production as a result of mineral fertilizer and planting density were evaluated through two experiments carried out at the Universidade Federal de Goias, Goiânia, Brazil. The first experiment was carried out from January to August 1998. Doses of urea, triple superphosphate and potassium chloride were the treatments (0; 40; 80; 120; 160 and 200 kg/ha of N; 0; 50; 100; 150; 250 and 400 kg/ha of P2O5 and 0; 40; 80; 120; 200 and 280 kg/ha of K2O), planting densities (55,556; 41,667 and 33,333 plants/ha, spaced 0.60 m between rows and 71,428; 47,619 and 35,714 plants/ha spaced 0.70 m between rows) and N splitting on side dressing applications [all at planting date (PD); 1/2 at PD and 1/2 three months later; 1/3 at PD, 1/3 two months and 1/3 four months later; 1/4 at PD, 1/4 a month and a half later, 1/4 three months and 1/4 four months and a half later]. The second experiment was carried out from December 1999 to September 2000. and the treatments tested were two row spacings (0.60 and 0.80 m) and six within-row spacings (0.05; 0.10; 0.15; 0.20; 0.30 and 0.40 m), displayed in a factorial 2 x 4. The experimental design was a complete randomized block with four replicates. The yield of fresh rhizomes increased as a result of N application from 12,130 kg/ha with dose zero, to 16,124 kg/ha with the dose of 130 kg/ha, and as a function of P application from 12,799 kg/ha, with dose zero, to 15,763 kg/ha with the dose of 177 kg/ha of P2O5. K and the splitting of N did not affect plant height and the production of rhizomes. The yield decreased from 25 t/ha in the 0.05 m within-row spacing to 18 t/ha in 0.40 m spacing. Productivity increase obtained in within-row spacing smaller than 0.10 m did not overcome the higher expenses with rhizomes for the respective plantings.

DEFICIÊNCIA DE MACRO E MICRONUTRIENTES EM MUDAS MADURAS DE KHAYA IVORENSIS ESTUDADAS EM VIVEIRO

O mogno africano (Khaya ivorensis) e uma essencia florestal de alto valor e de grande potencial para substituir o mogno brasileiro (Swietenia macrophylla). Atualmente, pouco se conhece a respeito das exigencias nutricionais do mogno africano. Nesse sentido, o presente trabalho teve o objetivo de avaliar o desenvolvimento e a composicao mineral de plantas de K. ivorensis submetidas a omissao de macro e micronutrientes. Para isso, realizou-se experimento com solucao nutritiva, com os tratamentos: T1-Solucao completa; T2-omissao de nitrogenio; T3-omissao de fosforo; T4-omissao de potassio; T5- omissao de calcio; T6-omissao de magnesio; T7-omissao de enxofre; T8-omissao de ferro; T9-omissao de boro; T10-omissao de cobre; T11-com omissao de manganes; T12-com omissao de zinco; T13-com omissao de molibdenio e T14-agua deionizada. As avaliacoes foram realizadas a partir de mudas comerciais prontas para o plantio, que permaneceram em casa de vegetacao sendo irrigadas apenas com agua deionizada. Apos quinze dias as plantas passaram a receber diariamente 200 ml de solucao nutritiva. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi inteiramente casualizado com quatorze tratamentos e dez repeticoes. Os dados dendrologicos foram descritos a cada quinze dias ate tornarem-se bem definidos. As plantas tiveram desenvolvimento afetado apenas pela omissao de N, exibindo menores teores foliares do elemento. As omissoes dos demais nutrientes afetaram levemente o desenvolvimento das plantas.

Sorção competitiva entre cádmio e cromo em Latossolo variando pH e eletrólito de suporte - DOI:10.5039/agraria.v10i3a5019

O uso de residuos industriais, lodos e compostos em areas agricolas e bastante utilizado no Brasil, podendo esses residuos adicionar metais toxicos aos solos. Objetivou-se determinar a sorcao competitiva entre os metais Cd2+ e Cr3+ no horizonte sub-superficial de um Latossolo Vermelho Acriferrico tipico, variando as condicoes de pH e presenca ou ausencia de eletrolito de suporte. Foram avaliados os ambientes: a) agua deionizada sem eletrolito de suporte; b) CaCl2.2H2O (0,01 mol L-1) como eletrolito de suporte; c) CaCl2.2H2O (0,01 mol L-1) com pH acido e d) CaCl2.2H2O (0,01 mol L-1) com pH alcalino. Foram adicionados em 5,0 mL de solo, 50,0 mL de solucao contendo os metais toxicos, com diferentes concentracoes, respeitando os limites estabelecidos na Resolucao Conama no 420/09. Ajustaram-se as isotermas de sorcao de Freundlich no modelo linear. Efetuaram-se ajustes de regressao polinomial entre as concentracoes dos teores dos metais na solucao contaminante pela concentracao na solucao filtrada apos o equilibrio. Foi feita analise de Correlacao entre o fator de retardamento (R) e o teor de oxidos e pH. O metal sorvido preferencialmente foi o Cr3+. A presenca de eletrolito de suporte e variacao de pH nao interferem na sorcao competitiva de Cd2+ e Cr3+.