Élido Bonomo

Consumo alimentar da população adulta segundo perfil sócio-econômico e demográfico: Projeto Bambuí

A nutritional survey was performed in a random sample of 546 individuals (ages 18 and over) in a city named Bambuí (15,000 inhabitants) in Minas Gerais State, Brazil, using the Semi-Quantitative Food Frequency Questionnaire (SFFQ). Median calorie intakes for women and men were 2,807 and 3,775kcal, respectively. Men consumed four times more alcohol than women, and women consumed more carbohydrates, fiber, and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA). The relative consumption of proteins (15%), carbohydrates (57%), and lipids (28%) were adequate in both genders. The average proportions, for all participants, of an inadequate share of lipids, saturated fatty acids (SFA), PUFA, and cholesterol in the total calorie intake were, respectively, 36%, 90%, and 50%, and were more pronounced in men than in women. The lipid, SFA, and PUFA intake for women and the lipid and SFA intake for men increased with income. The PUFA/SFA ratio and the PUFA and dietary fiber intake were below the recommended levels in both genders. Dietary habits presented a differential inadequacy, suggesting possible population risk clusters for cardiovascular diseases.Foi realizado inquerito nutricional em amostra probabilistica de 546 individuos (idade > 18 anos), residentes na cidade de Bambui (15 mil habitantes), Minas Gerais, Brasil, utilizando-se o Questionario Semiquantitativo de Frequencia Alimentar (QSFA). A mediana de ingestao calorica entre mulheres e homens foi de 2.807 e 3.775kcal, respectivamente. Homens ingeriram quatro vezes mais alcool que mulheres e estas, mais carboidratos, fibras e acidos graxos polinsaturados (AGP). A distribuicao de proteinas (15%), carboidratos (57%) e lipidios (28%) foi adequada. As proporcoes medias de inadequacao da participacao de lipidios, acidos graxos saturados (AGS), AGP e colesterol na energia total foram, respectivamente, 36%, 50% e 90%, sendo mais pronunciadas entre os homens. A ingestao de lipidios, AGS e AGP, entre mulheres, e de lipidios e AGS entre homens, aumentou de acordo com a renda. A ingestao de AGP e fibras e a relacao AGP/AGS estavam abaixo do recomendado nos dois generos. A dieta apresentou proporcoes de inadequacao diferenciais, sugerindo possiveis agregados de risco a saude da populacao para doencas cardiovasculares.

Rickettsioses emergentes e reemergentes numa região endêmica do Estado de Minas Gerais, Brasil

This article describes a serological survey for rickettsiosis in the county of Novo Cruzeiro, Minas Gerais State, Brazil, in 1998, testing schoolchildren and dogs. Sera included 331 samples from schoolchildren from an endemic area and 142 samples from schoolchildren from a non-endemic area in the county. All children examined were healthy and had not reported clinical symptoms of Brazilian spotted fever prior to the serological survey. Some 35 children in the endemic area were reactive to Rickettsia rickettsiiby indirect fluorescent antibody (IFA) with a titer of 1:64, corresponding to 10.6%. Sera from 73 dogs were tested, showing seroreactivity (IFA 1:64) to Rickettsia rickettsi, Ehrlichia chaffeensis, and Ehrlichia canisin 3 (4.11%), 11 (15.07%), and 13 (17.81%), respectively. The results in schoolchildren and the presence of canine seroreactivity to Ehrlichiaspecies that are potentially pathogenic to humans suggests the risk of transmission of other Rickettsiaein the study area.

Hipovitaminose A em escolares da zona rural de Minas Gerais

. A importância epidemiologica da hipovitaminose A foi avaliada segundo os criterios da OrganizacaoMundial da Saude. Foram adotados como fatores predisponentes da hipovitaminose A, as parasitoses intestinais,a desnutricao energetico-proteica, o consumo inadequado de fontes de vitamina A e a renda familiar

O Programa Nacional de Alimentação Escolar sob a ótica dos alunos da rede estadual de ensino de Minas Gerais, Brasil

O objetivo deste artigo e analisar o Programa de Alimentacao Escolar sob a otica dos alunos atendidos na rede estadual de ensino de Minas Gerais. Trata-se de estudo transversal, quali-quantitativo, com amostra de 1500 alunos, representativa do universo da rede estadual de ensino de Minas Gerais, utilizando questionario semiestruturado analisado por meio de frequencia simples, media, desvio padrao, teste exato de Fisher, teste qui-quadrado e regressao logistica (p < 0,05; IC 95%). Houve efetiva aceitacao de 28,8% e efetiva adesao de 45,1% ao Programa. A aceitacao foi significativamente maior entre alunos do sexo masculino e entre aqueles que apresentaram menor consumo de alimentos extrainstitucionais. A aceitacao e a adesao foram significativamente maiores entre alunos do grupo etario mais velho e entre aqueles que referiram participar de atividades de Educacao Alimentar e Nutricional. No total, 73,5% dos alunos sugeriram melhorias para a Alimentacao Escolar. Muitos principios e diretrizes do programa nao estao sendo cumpridos. A aceitacao da Alimentacao Escolar mostrou-se negativamente influenciada pelo consumo de alimentos extrainstitucionais e positivamente influenciada pelas acoes de Educacao Alimentar e Nutricional.In this paper the authors describe and contextualize the participation of users and family members in mental health research in Brazil, addressing the recent tradition of the experiences of recovery and empowerment to define the analysis of some Brazilian experiences of evaluative research and intervention projects, which count on these social actors to act as researchers. The experiences of Self-Help Groups and the Guide to Autonomous Medication Management are described briefly, in order to analyze the limits and possibilities of participation of users and their family members in research, which is still incipient and sporadic in the Brazilian reality. The authors also recommend the creation of an agenda in public health policy that encourages this participation.In this paper the authors describe and contextualize the participation of users and family members in mental health research in Brazil, addressing the recent tradition of the experiences of recovery and empowerment to define the analysis of some Brazilian experiences of evaluative research and intervention projects, which count on these social actors to act as researchers. The experiences of Self-Help Groups and the Guide to Autonomous Medication Management are described briefly, in order to analyze the limits and possibilities of participation of users and their family members in research, which is still incipient and sporadic in the Brazilian reality. The authors also recommend the creation of an agenda in public health policy that encourages this participation.

The Brazilian School Nutrition Program from the standpoint of students attending state schools in Minas Gerais, Brazil

The scope of this article is to analyze the Brazilian School Nutrition Program from the standpoint of students attending state schools in Minas Gerais. It is a qualitative and quantitative cross-sectional study with a sample of 1500 students, representing the population of the state schools of Minas Gerais, involving the administration of a semi-structured questionnaire. The data were analyzed using simple frequency, mean, standard deviation, Fishers exact test, the chi-square test and logistic regression (p < 0.05, CI 95%). The effective acceptance of the program was 28.8% and the effective adhesion to the program was 45.1%. Program acceptance was significantly higher among males and students who consumed less extra-institutional food. Acceptance and adhesion to the program was significantly higher among the older students and those who reported participating in activities related to nutritional education. In total, 73.5% of the students suggested improvements in school food. Many of the programs norms and guidelines are not being implemented. The acceptance of school food was negatively influenced by the consumption of extra-institutional foods and positively influenced by food and nutritional education activities.

Determinants of Iron Deficiency Anemia in a Cohort of Children Aged 6-71 Months Living in the Northeast of Minas Gerais, Brazil

Iron deficiency anemia is one of the most common nutritional disorders worldwide. The aim was to identify the prevalence and incidence of anemia in children and to identify predictors of this condition, including intestinal parasites, social, nutritional and environmental factors, and comorbidities. A population-based cohort study was conducted in a sample of 414 children aged 6–71 months living in Novo Cruzeiro in the Minas Gerais State. Data were collected in 2008 and 2009 by interview and included socio-economic and demographic information about the children and their families. Blood samples were collected for testing of hemoglobin, ferritin and C-reactive protein. Anthropometric measurements and parasitological analyses of fecal samples were performed. To identify risk factors associated with anemia multivariate analyses were performed using the generalized estimating equations (GEE). In 2008 and 2009, respectively, the prevalence rates of anemia were 35.9% (95%CI 31.2–40.8) and 9.8% (95%CI 7.2–12.9), the prevalence rates of iron deficiency were 18.4% (95%CI 14.7–22.6) and 21.8% (95%CI 17.8–26.2), and the incidence rates of anemia and iron deficiency were 3.2% and 21.8%. The following risk factors associated with anemia were: iron deficiency (OR = 3.2; 95%CI 2.0-.5.3), parasitic infections (OR = 1.9; 95%CI 1.2–2.8), being of risk of or being a low length/height-for-age (OR = 2.1; 95%CI 1.4–3.2), and lower retinol intake (OR = 1.7; 95%CI 1.1–2.7), adjusted over time. Nutritional factors, parasitic infections and chronic malnutrition were identified as risk factors for anemia. These factors can be verified in a chronic process and have been classically described as risk factors for these conditions.

Promoção da aquisição de produtos da agricultura familiar para a alimentação escolar em Territórios da Cidadania de Minas Gerais e Espírito Santo.

OBJECTIVE: This study hopes to promote the acquisition of family farm products for school meals in Brazils Territories of Citizenship. METHODS: This intervention study coordinated intersectoral networks face-to-face. The networks consisted of teams composed of a dietician, popular educator, and agronomist or agronomy technician. These teams visited all municipalities within the Citizenship Territories at least twice to coordinate the said networks, capable of promoting local mobilization processes, organization, and empowerment of different actors to acquire family farm products for school meals in the said municipalities. RESULTS: The most expressive results were: 14% of the municipalities improved the family farm organization; 14% of the managers began to support the food acquisition process according to Law no 11.947/2009; and 27% of the municipalities without a dietician hired one. The results were not considered satisfactory by the School Food Council. CONCLUSION: The actions were capable of promoting the implementation of the Federal Law Lei Federal no 11.947/2009 in the study Territories of Citizenship.

Deficiência de iodo e fatores associados em lactentes e pré-escolares de um município do semiárido de Minas Gerais, Brasil, 2008

The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of iodine deficiency in children aged 6 to 71 months in Novo Cruzeiro, Minas Gerais State, Brazil. A total of 475 children, allocated by stratified probability sampling, were analyzed with respect to the iodine concentrations in the salt consumed by the family and urinary iodine. Iodine deficiency was verified in 34.4% of the children, of which 23.5% showed slight deficiency, 5.9% moderate and 5% serious deficiency. A difference in the distribution of iodine deficiency was observed between the urban and the rural environments (p < 0.001) where average urinary iodine concentrations of 150.8 and 114.3µg/L respectively were found. A greater proportion of iodine deficiency was observed among children where the proportion of iodine in the salt consumed was below the recommended level. Although expressive, iodine deficiency in Novo Cruzeiro is not a public health problem according to World Health Organization (WHO), The limitrophe distribution of the urinary iodine associated with low iodine levels in salt suggests that efforts to control this deficiency are not yet complete.

Atuação de nutricionistas responsáveis técnicos pela alimentação escolar de municípios de Minas Gerais e Espírito Santo

O nutricionista e responsavel pela promocao da seguranca alimentar e nutricional na alimentacao escolar, contribuindo para a construcao de praticas alimentares saudaveis. Neste estudo buscou-se conhecer a atuacao de nutricionistas responsaveis tecnicos da alimentacao escolar em municipios de Minas Gerais e Espirito Santo. Foi realizado estudo de corte transversal com participacao de 77 nutricionistas, incluindo analises descritivas; univariadas e analises de regressao de Poisson com variância robusta. Constatou-se o descumprimento pela maioria dos nutricionistas de diversas atribuicoes essenciais do programa, previstas em Lei, como producao do plano anual de trabalho, analise da composicao nutricional de cardapios, elaboracao de fichas tecnicas de preparacao, utilizacao do Manual de Boas Praticas de Fabricacao e realizacao do teste de aceitabilidade. Os modelos de regressao mostraram que nutricionistas que desenvolviam plano de trabalho, avaliacao nutricional e teste de aceitabilidade apresentaram maior ocorrencia de realizacao de acoes de Educacao Alimentar e Nutricional. Ressalta-se necessidade imediata de adequacao dos municipios a legislacao vigente e implementacao de acoes corretivas.