Elioenai Dornelles Alves

Burnout and labour aspects in the nursing teams at two medium-sized hospitals

OBJETIVO: Identificar la incidencia de sindrome de Burnout (BS) y evaluar su relacion con los aspectos laborales, personal de enfermeria de dos hospitales de medio portea de Caceres. METODO: Se trata de un estudio descriptivo, de corte transversal de la muestra de 141 sujetos. Como instrumento de investigacion se utilizo un cuestionario para el delineamiento de los aspectos laborales, aumentando del Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI). RESULTADOS: De los 141 profesionales, 13 presentaron SB segun MBI. Con relacion con los aspectos laborales los profesionales mas acometidos son aquellos con: regimen de trabajo diarista, 30 horas semanales de servicio, contratado, doble empleo, menor tiempo formacion, poco tiempo en la unidad y actuacion en el sector administrativo. CONCLUSIONES:Luego, se demostro la presencia de SB en la muestra, revelando necesidad de proponerse cambios organizacionales en el ambiente de trabajo a fin de apocar estos factores interfieren en la salud del trabajador.PURPOSE The aim of this study is to identify the occurrence of Burnout Syndrome (BS) and assess its relationship with different labour-related aspects, among nursing professionals at two medium-sizes hospitals in the city of Cáceres. METHOD This is a transversal and descriptive study, with a sample totalling 141 subjects. As an instrument of research, we used a questionnaire for the limitation of labour-related aspects, with the addition of the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI). RESULTS Out of the 141 professional people considered, 13 had BS, according to the MBI. In relation to the different labour aspects, the professional people most affected were those with: work regime based on pay by the day, a working week of 30 hours, regularly hired, with double employment, lower graduation period, less time spent at the unit, and active in the administrative segment. CONCLUSIONS Hence, there was the demonstration of the presence of BS within the sample, showing the need for the proposal of organisational changes within the working environment so as to reduce these factors and their interference on the health of the worker.

Oferta e demanda por média complexidade/SUS: relação com atenção básica

This work aims at investigating the supply and demand of the medium-complexity services from the Federal District and surrounding municipalities from the state of Goias. Our hypothesis is that the services organization offer of primary care (PC) from the Federal District (DF) and its surroundings overloads the medium-complexity services (MC), contributing to less equity in terms of communities access. Our objective is to analyze the demand for MC (medium-complexity) services in DF (Federal District) and its relation with PC (Primary Care); to quantify the origin, health problem, reason, transportation time and performed procedures of the ones who go to the Federal District hospitals; to set up priorities of managerial changes in the Brazilian Health System (SUS) in order to have more access to users. The evaluation was triangulation of methods, and complementing qualitative and quantitative approaches. The study of the offer via the analysis of SUS information systems, and the demand through a survey with 1,585 users of seven hospitals of the Federal District. There is a sub utilization of services offer at the Federal District, with duplicity of basic actions among hospitals and other health centers. It is recommended a revision in the health services regionalization and hierarchy of the Federal District and Goias, as well as more investments on implementation of technology to primary care.

CONTRIBUIÇÃO À CONSTRUÇÃO DE PROJETOS POLÍTICO-PEDAGÓGICOS NA ENFERMAGEM

A partir da conceituacao de projeto e projeto politico-pedagogico, apresenta uma proposta para sua construcao fundamentada em marcos. Os marcos indicados incluem: o referencial, o filosofico, o conceitual e o estrutural. O marco referencial e o ponto de partida, ou seja, o conhecimento e critica da realidade; o marco filosofico representa as crencas e valores da comunidade envolvida no projeto; o marco conceitual e representado pela teoria ou conceitos que dao suporte a proposta; e, finalmente o marco estrutural estabelece as competencias e o perfil do profissional a ser formado e a opcao metodologica para organizacao e desenvolvimento das materias e disciplinas. A teoria da acao comunicativa, de Habermas, e proposta como metodologia para a construcao de projetos.

Social Model: A New Approach of the Disability Theme

A experiencia da deficiencia faz parte da vida de pessoas que tem doenca, lesao ou limitacao corporal. A deficiencia e compreendida, ainda, como um fato de ma sorte pessoal e, do ponto de vista social e politico, os deficientes sao vistos como minoria. Este estudo pretende contribuir para o aprofundamento dos conhecimentos sobre o tema deficiencia. A pesquisa traz nova abordagem do tema: o modelo social. Essa abordagem surgiu como alternativa ao modelo medico da deficiencia, que reconhece na lesao, na doenca ou na limitacao fisica a causa primeira da desigualdade social e das desvantagens vivenciadas pelos deficientes, ignorando o papel da sociedade na sua opressao e marginalizacao. O estudo permitiu refletir como as dificuldades e barreiras impostas pela sociedade as pessoas, consideradas diferentes, tornam a deficiencia uma realidade e retratam a injustica social e a situacao de vulnerabilidade vivida por grupos excluidos.The experience of disability is part of the daily lives of people who have a disease, lesion or corporal limitation. Disability is still understood as personal bad luck; moreover, from the social and political points of view, the disabled are seen as a minority. The aim of this study is to contribute to the knowledge about the experience of disability. The research presents a new approach on the theme: the social model. This approach appeared as an alternative to the medical model of disability, which sees the lesion as the primary cause of social inequality and of the disadvantages experienced by the disabled, ignoring the role of social structures in their oppression and marginalization. The study permits reflecting on how the difficulties and barriers society imposed on people considered different make disability a reality and portray social injustice and the vulnerability situation lived by excluded groups.

A enfermagem brasileira e a profissionalização de nível técnico: análise em retrospectiva

El articulo presenta analisis en retrospectiva de la trayectoria recorrida por la enfermeria brasilena en elproceso de profesionalizacion de los trabajadores de nivel tecnico y proporcionar algunas pistas sobre los rumbosdel desarrollo profesional. La sintesis de la reflexion indica que la educacion profesional de nivel tecnico enenfermeria, al ocupar a lo largo de mas de cuatro decadas la agenda de las politicas publicas, produjo acumulacionintelectual y conceptual, sirviendo de referencia para la formulacion de nuevas acciones dirigidas para los demasprofesionales de nivel tecnico que desarrollar cuidados directos a la poblacion. Indica tambien que, tras elPROFAE, hubo un rediseno del problema de la calificacion profesional de enfermeria, recolocando en debate lanecesidad de mejorar la calidad de los procesos formativos y de la oferta extensiva de formacion continuada alos trabajadores ya inclusos en el trabajo, para hacer constantes cambios en el sistema de salud brasileno.DESCRIPTORES: graduacion en auxiliar de enfermeria; educacion en enfermeria; recursos humanos en saludThis article presents a retrospective analysis of the Brazilian Nursing concerning the professionalization of workers at technical level. It also provides some indication about the trends of professional education. There is a clear indication of increased intellectual and conceptual accumulation in the four decades the professional education in nursing at technical level has been part of the public policy agenda. This experience serves as reference for the formulation of new actions directed to other professionals of technical level who deliver direct care to the population. The study shows that there was reformulation of the nursing professional qualification issue, including in the discussion the need to improve the quality of educational processes and extensive supply of continuous education to workers already inserted in the process, in order to keep the constant changes in the Brazilian Health system.

Burnout e os aspectos laborais na equipe de enfermagem de dois hospitais de médio porte

OBJETIVO: Identificar la incidencia de sindrome de Burnout (BS) y evaluar su relacion con los aspectos laborales, personal de enfermeria de dos hospitales de medio portea de Caceres. METODO: Se trata de un estudio descriptivo, de corte transversal de la muestra de 141 sujetos. Como instrumento de investigacion se utilizo un cuestionario para el delineamiento de los aspectos laborales, aumentando del Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI). RESULTADOS: De los 141 profesionales, 13 presentaron SB segun MBI. Con relacion con los aspectos laborales los profesionales mas acometidos son aquellos con: regimen de trabajo diarista, 30 horas semanales de servicio, contratado, doble empleo, menor tiempo formacion, poco tiempo en la unidad y actuacion en el sector administrativo. CONCLUSIONES:Luego, se demostro la presencia de SB en la muestra, revelando necesidad de proponerse cambios organizacionales en el ambiente de trabajo a fin de apocar estos factores interfieren en la salud del trabajador.PURPOSE The aim of this study is to identify the occurrence of Burnout Syndrome (BS) and assess its relationship with different labour-related aspects, among nursing professionals at two medium-sizes hospitals in the city of Cáceres. METHOD This is a transversal and descriptive study, with a sample totalling 141 subjects. As an instrument of research, we used a questionnaire for the limitation of labour-related aspects, with the addition of the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI). RESULTS Out of the 141 professional people considered, 13 had BS, according to the MBI. In relation to the different labour aspects, the professional people most affected were those with: work regime based on pay by the day, a working week of 30 hours, regularly hired, with double employment, lower graduation period, less time spent at the unit, and active in the administrative segment. CONCLUSIONS Hence, there was the demonstration of the presence of BS within the sample, showing the need for the proposal of organisational changes within the working environment so as to reduce these factors and their interference on the health of the worker.

Brazilian nursing and professionalization at technical level: a retrospective analysis

El articulo presenta analisis en retrospectiva de la trayectoria recorrida por la enfermeria brasilena en elproceso de profesionalizacion de los trabajadores de nivel tecnico y proporcionar algunas pistas sobre los rumbosdel desarrollo profesional. La sintesis de la reflexion indica que la educacion profesional de nivel tecnico enenfermeria, al ocupar a lo largo de mas de cuatro decadas la agenda de las politicas publicas, produjo acumulacionintelectual y conceptual, sirviendo de referencia para la formulacion de nuevas acciones dirigidas para los demasprofesionales de nivel tecnico que desarrollar cuidados directos a la poblacion. Indica tambien que, tras elPROFAE, hubo un rediseno del problema de la calificacion profesional de enfermeria, recolocando en debate lanecesidad de mejorar la calidad de los procesos formativos y de la oferta extensiva de formacion continuada alos trabajadores ya inclusos en el trabajo, para hacer constantes cambios en el sistema de salud brasileno.DESCRIPTORES: graduacion en auxiliar de enfermeria; educacion en enfermeria; recursos humanos en saludThis article presents a retrospective analysis of the Brazilian Nursing concerning the professionalization of workers at technical level. It also provides some indication about the trends of professional education. There is a clear indication of increased intellectual and conceptual accumulation in the four decades the professional education in nursing at technical level has been part of the public policy agenda. This experience serves as reference for the formulation of new actions directed to other professionals of technical level who deliver direct care to the population. The study shows that there was reformulation of the nursing professional qualification issue, including in the discussion the need to improve the quality of educational processes and extensive supply of continuous education to workers already inserted in the process, in order to keep the constant changes in the Brazilian Health system.

Risco anual da infecção tuberculosa no Distrito Federal (Brasil)

OBJECTIVE: To study the annual risk of tuberculosis infection among school age children resident in the Federal District, during 1997. METHODOLOGY: A cross-sectional study was carried out among 1,328 eight-year-old students, living in the cities of Ceilândia and Guara, in the Federal District, utilizing the Dam & Ritze model to determine prevalence rates and the method suggested by Ruffino-Netto for the annual risk. The data collected was processed using Excel and SPSS 9.0 software. Statistical analysis included Confidence Intervals and Chi-squares. The study was approved by the Ethics Research Committee, which requested that the adults responsible for the children signed a Term of Free and Full Consent. RESULTS: The proportions of those infected and non-infected by Mycobacterium tuberculosis did not differ statistically (c2=3.8416) in the two cities. For 1997, the prevalence of tuberculosis was 3.3% and the annual risk of infection was 0.42% for the children studied. CONCLUSION: The authors expected to find a reduction in the IR in the Federal District. Based on this information, the area can be characterized as of medium intensity for tuberculosis infection but with a tendency towards the improvement in the epidemic.

Estratégias de aprendizagem utilizadas por graduandos e pós-graduandos em disciplinas semipresenciais da área de saúde

This study aimed to investigate the learning habits and strategies of undergraduate and post-graduate students matriculated in hybrid courses in the area of healthcare at a Brazilian university. 220 graduate students were invited to participate in the research, of whom 67.27% accepted. An exploratory methodology was utilized, which analyzed quantitative data collected by a structured instrument. A similarity may be observed between undergraduate and postgraduate students concerning the majority of education habits and learning strategies, such as the large proportion of those who read more than half of the course content and of those who preferred to study alone, as well as in the high use of the majority of strategies evaluated. It is concluded that both the groups present appropriate study habits and satisfactorily used the learning strategies investigated.This study aimed to investigate the learning habits and strategies of undergraduate and post-graduate students matriculated in hybrid courses in the area of healthcare at a Brazilian university. 220 graduate students were invited to participate in the research, of whom 67.27% accepted. An exploratory methodology was utilized, which analyzed quantitative data collected by a structured instrument. A similarity may be observed between undergraduate and postgraduate students concerning the majority of education habits and learning strategies, such as the large proportion of those who read more than half of the course content and of those who preferred to study alone, as well as in the high use of the majority of strategies evaluated. It is concluded that both the groups present appropriate study habits and satisfactorily used the learning strategies investigated.

Psicologia e educação a distância: uma revisão bibliográfica

This study investigated the contributions of Psychology to Distance Learning. A literature review of national publications between 1999 to 2009 was made in the electronic databases SciELO, LILACS, PsycINFO, BVS and Google Scholar. From the 69 studies selected, 15 were excluded because they were not compatible with the research. The results showed nine themes: (1) the distance learning technology with psychological grounding, (2) affection, (3)the role of the tutor/professor, (4) psychological theories, (5) interactivity, (6) dropout, (7) reports of experiences, (8) assessment of distance training, development and education and (9) others. The topics distance education technology with psychological grounding and affection had a larger frequency in the publications. Since 2006, there was an increasing number of publications in psychology distance education, but the years of major publications were from 2008 to 2009. It is suggested that future studies expand this research including international databases.