Emese Pek

‘The year of first aid’: effectiveness of a 3-day first aid programme for 7-14-year-old primary school children

Aim of the study Bystanders can play an important role in the event of sudden injury or illness. Our aim was to evaluate the effects of a 3-day first aid course for all primary school age groups (7–14 years old). Methods 582 school children were involved in the study. Training consisted of three sessions with transfer of theoretical knowledge and practical skills about first aid. The following most urgent situations were addressed in our study: adult basic life support (BLS), using an automated external defibrillator (AED), handling an unconscious patient, managing bleeding and calling the ambulance. Data collection was made with a questionnaire developed for the study and observation. Students were tested before, immediately after and 4 months after training. Results were considered significant in case of p<0.05. Results Prior to training there was a low level of knowledge and skills on BLS, management of the unconscious patient, use of an AED and management of bleeding. Knowledge and skills improved significantly in all of these categories (p<0.01) and remained significantly higher than the pre-test level at 4 months after training (p<0.01). Younger children overall performed less well than older children, but significantly improved over the pre-test level both immediately and 4 months after training (p<0.01). Prior first aid training was associated with knowledge of the correct ambulance number (p=0.015) and management of bleeding (p=0.041). Prior to training, age was associated with pre-test knowledge and skills of all topics (p<0.01); after training, it was only associated with AED use (p<0.001). There was a significant correlation between the depth of chest compression and children’s age, weight, height and body mass index (p<0.001). Ventilation depended on the same factors (p<0.001). Conclusion Children aged 7–14 years are able to perform basic life-saving skills. Knowledge retention after 4 months is good for skills, but thinking in algorithms is difficult for these children.

Cross-sectional survey on self-reported health of ambulance personnel

BackgroundThe high job stress among ambulance personnel is a widely known phenomenon. Purpose: to asses the self reported health status of ambulance workers.MethodsAn anonym self-fill-in questionnaire applying SF-36 was used among workers from the northern and western regions of Hungarian National Ambulance Service.ResultsBased on the dimensions of the SF-36 questionnaire the respondents considered their “Physical Functioning” the best, while “Vitality” was regarded the worst. The more time an employee have been worked at the HNAS the worse his health was in the first four dimensions like, “Physical Functioning”, “Role-Physical”, “Bodily Pain”, “General Health”: p < 0.001. Those working in secondary part-time jobs considered their health in all dimensions worse. The respondents who did some kind of sports hold their health in all dimensions better (p < 0.001). The workers with higher BMI regarded their health status worse, in four dimensions: “Physical Functioning”: p = 0.001; “Role-Physical”: p = 0.013; “General Health”: p < 0.001; “Role-Emotional”: p = 0.05.ConclusionsThe workers health status proved to be insufficient according to the subjective perception and measurable parameters. According to the subjective perception of health and measurable parameters of health status of workers proved to be insufficient. Poor physical health can lead indirectly to psychological problems, which may lower the quality of the work and can lead to high turn-over.

Knowledge about basic life support in European students

INTRODUCTION Better knowledge and skills of basic life support can save millions of lives each year in Europe. AIM The aim of this study was to measure the knowledge about basic life support in European students. METHOD From 13 European countries 1527 volunteer participated in the survey. The questionnaire consisted of socio-demographic questions and knowledge regarding basic life support. The maximum possible score was 18. RESULTS Those participants who had basic life support training earned 11.91 points, while those who had not participated in lifesaving education had 9.6 points (p<0.001). Participants from former socialist Eastern European countries reached 10.13 points, while Western Europeans had average 10.85 points (p<0.001). The best results were detected among the Swedish students, and the worst among the Belgians. CONCLUSIONS Based on the results, there are significant differences in the knowledge about basic life support between students from different European countries. Western European youth, and those who were trained had better performance.

Little lifesavers: Can we start first aid education in kindergarten? – A longitudinal cohort study:

Objectives: First aid programmes should include not only the transfer of knowledge and skills but also improve participants’ helping attitudes. The aim of this study was to evalute the immediate and long-term effects of a 3-day first aid programme for kindergarten children. Methods: One hundred and eighteen kindergarten children (5–7 years old) from an inner-city kindergarten located in Pécs, Hungary, were involved in this study between January 2016 and June 2017. Training consisted of three 45-minute sessions involving the transfer of theoretical knowledge and practical skills about first aid. Knowledge, skills and attitudes were assessed by means of a questionnaire developed for the study and through observation. Participants were tested before and immediately after the programme and at 4 and 15 months. Results: The majority of children had no prior knowledge in first aid. Knowledge and skills significantly improved immediately after training and remained significantly higher at 4 and 15 months when compared to baseline – calling the ambulance (p < 0.01), performing cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR; p < .01), using an automated external defibrillator (AED; p < .01), handling an unconscious patient (p < .01) and managing bleeding (p < .01). Attitudes towards first aid improved significantly after the programme (p < .01) and remained improved after 4 and 15 months when compared to baseline (p < .01). Conclusion: Beginning first aid education in kindergarten can be useful. Children cannot become professional bystanders immediately following training, but the programme can offer an introduction of first aid. However, the results decreased substantially after 15 months so regular refreshing training should be recommended.

Mentőtiszthallgatók felnőtt emelt szintű újraélesztéssel kapcsolatos ismeretei Magyarországon

Absztrakt Bevezetes: A megfelelő emelt szintű ujraelesztesi ismeretek elengedhetetlenek a surgőssegi ellatasban dolgozo szakemberek szamara. Celkitűzes: A szerzők celja a magyarorszagi mentőtiszthallgatok felnőtt emelt szintű ujraelesztesi ismereteinek felmerese volt. Modszer: Felmeresuket a Pecsi Tudomanyegyetem Egeszsegtudomanyi Karanak, a Semmelweis Egyetem Egeszsegtudomanyi Karanak es a Debreceni Egyetem Egeszsegugyi Karanak III. es IV. evfolyamos hallgatoi koreben vegeztek, sajat szerkesztesű kerdőiv segitsegevel. A mintaba 97 fő hallgato kerult be (n = 97). Eredmenyek: A hallgatok atlagosan 67,79%-os eredmennyel teljesitettek a felmeresen. A ferfiak es a nők osszpontszamai kozott nem volt szignifikans kulonbseg (p = 0,725). Az alacsony eletkor szignifikansan javitotta az elert osszpontszamokat (p = 0,003). A nappali tagozatosok szignifikansan magasabb osszpontszamot ertek el, mint a levelezősok (p = 0,004). Az egyes kepzőintezmenyek hallgatoinak osszpontszamai kozott szignifikans kulonbseg nem volt ...

Comparative analysis of attitudes of ambulance personnel and paramedic students regarding death and dying

Absztrakt Bevezetes: A surgőssegi betegellatas dolgozoi nap mint nap szemtanui a haldoklas es a halal elmenyenek. Celkitűzes: A vizsgalat celja a jelenlegi es jovőbeli mentődolgozok koreben a halalfelelem es az azt befolyasolo tenyezők felmerese es osszehasonlitasa. Modszer: A kvantitativ, keresztmetszeti, osszehasonlito vizsgalat 106 fő reszvetelevel keszult (mentődolgozo 45 fő, mentőtiszthallgato 61 fő). Az adatgyűjtes onkentes alapon, anonim modon, kerdőives modszerrel tortent, a Neimeyer es Moore-fele Multidimenzionalis Halalfelelem Skala es sajat szerkesztesű kerdesek segitsegevel. Az adatokat leiro es matematikai statisztikai probak (T-proba, ANOVA-elemzes es korrelacioanalizis) segitsegevel elemeztek. Eredmenyek: A tanulok felelme nagyobb volt a „Jelentős tarsak feltese” faktorban (p = 0,001). Erőteljesebb felelmet mutattak azok a női hallgatok, akik varosban eltek, magasabb iskolai vegzettseguk volt (p = 0,036), az egyedulallok (p = 0,046), akik meg nem lattak haldoklot (p = 0,017) es akik meg nem...

Mentődolgozók és mentőtiszthallgatók halállal és haldoklással kapcsolatos attitűdjének összehasonlító vizsgálata

Absztrakt Bevezetes: A surgőssegi betegellatas dolgozoi nap mint nap szemtanui a haldoklas es a halal elmenyenek. Celkitűzes: A vizsgalat celja a jelenlegi es jovőbeli mentődolgozok koreben a halalfelelem es az azt befolyasolo tenyezők felmerese es osszehasonlitasa. Modszer: A kvantitativ, keresztmetszeti, osszehasonlito vizsgalat 106 fő reszvetelevel keszult (mentődolgozo 45 fő, mentőtiszthallgato 61 fő). Az adatgyűjtes onkentes alapon, anonim modon, kerdőives modszerrel tortent, a Neimeyer es Moore-fele Multidimenzionalis Halalfelelem Skala es sajat szerkesztesű kerdesek segitsegevel. Az adatokat leiro es matematikai statisztikai probak (T-proba, ANOVA-elemzes es korrelacioanalizis) segitsegevel elemeztek. Eredmenyek: A tanulok felelme nagyobb volt a „Jelentős tarsak feltese” faktorban (p = 0,001). Erőteljesebb felelmet mutattak azok a női hallgatok, akik varosban eltek, magasabb iskolai vegzettseguk volt (p = 0,036), az egyedulallok (p = 0,046), akik meg nem lattak haldoklot (p = 0,017) es akik meg nem...

246: FIRST AID TRAINING FOR KINDERGARTEN AND PRIMARY SCHOOL CHILDREN

Crit Care Med 2015 • Volume 43 • Number 12 (Suppl.) to measure SA during CA/RR scenarios. Methods: Thirteen Critical Care Fellows were randomized to receive Simulation Based Training (SBT, n=7) or Lecture Based Training (LBT, n=6) in Situation Awareness and management of CA/RR scenarios. Each group then underwent 8 testing cases of High Fidelity Simulation CA/RR scenarios, with the team leaders’ Situation Awareness evaluated by a trained observer using the subjective SABAR (SA Behaviorally Anchored Rating) scale. The scenario was interrupted at standard times to allow the participants to fill out the objective SAGAT (SA Global Assessment Technique) scale. Results: Overall, it was found that there was no statistically significant correlation between the SABAR (subjective) and SAGAT (objective) scores for all of the sessions combined (r=0.14, p=0.52). Furthermore, within each of the individual sessions, there was no statistically significant correlation seen: for the LBT testing session (r=0.18, p=0.67), for the SBT training session (r=0.07, p=0.88). However, for the SBT testing session the correlation was stronger (r=0.59, p=0.13). Conclusions: In this study, there was no statistically significant correlation found between objective and subjective measurements of SA during CA/RR scenarios. However, there was a stronger correlation observed as more training was performed. Further research is required to evaluate the most accurate scale for measurement of SA, and what changes can be made to improve the correlation between subjective and objective measurements of SA. Although subjective scales can observe behaviors, objective measurement of SA is still the gold standard.

337: HOW HEALTHY ARE HUNGARY’S AMBULANCE PERSONNEL?–A REPRESENTATIVE STUDY

Crit Care Med 2015 • Volume 43 • Number 12 (Suppl.) system accepted by the University of Pecs) and completed it with demographic data (gender, age, professional yr and background). Depending on the performance, a participant could achieve 0–1 or 0-1-2 points per task. The maximum score was 12. For the statistical analysis we used T-test, Chi-square test, Fisher’s Exact test and descriptive statistics. Results: The average score at BLS achieved by the nurses was 9,40 while the assistants achieved 9,13 points. There was no significant difference between BLS-skills of the nurses and assistants (p=0,58). There was difference between gender’s BLS points, women: 9,51 points, men: 8,11 points (p=0,02). There was no correlation between BLS-skill and work yr (p=0,73). The age doesn’t affect the BLS points (p=0,53). The calculations showed that from the 102 participants, 50 had proper BLS skills, while in case of the remaining 52 staff members the BLS skills were not adequate. 22,00% of the nurses and 40,40% of the assistants had never thought about safety (p=0,04). Another major difference was between contact and gender (p=0,01). Conclusions: It would be necessary for the hospital staff to attend resuscitation training. Frequently organized trainings would help keeping the resuscitation knowledge up to date, to complement the lack of knowledge and correct the mistakes. It would also help making the staff members more self-confident, which could reduce inaccuracy caused by nervousness.

645: POST-TRAUMATIC STRESS DISORDER AMONG AMBULANCE PERSONNEL - ARE DRUGS THE RIGHT WAY?

of surgical patients in whom ICU outcomes are favourable. We therefore aimed to describe the ICU cancer population and to assess outcomes in cancer patients admitted to ICU with a medical diagnosis. Methods: We used routinely collected data from West of Scotland ICUs linked to Scottish Cancer registry to identify patients (aged 16 or over) admitted to ICU between 1st January 2000 and 31st December 2011. Patients who had a diagnosis of a malignant cancer (excluding non-melanoma skin cancer) within the previous 5-years were identified. We compared these patients to patients without cancer. Non-cancer patients had no diagnosis of cancer between 1984 and date discharged from ICU. Results: 49451 individual patients were admitted to an ICU during the study period. A malignant neoplasm had been diagnosed in 9704 (20%). The majority were diagnosed in the year prior to admission (7704, 85%). The number of admissions by major cancer type were as follows colorectal 4223 (41% of admissions with cancer), stomach 692 (7%), lung 669 (6%), oesophageal 588 (6%) and bladder 425 (4%). 17% of cancer patients were admitted from a medical specialty compared to 50% of non-cancer patients. Of the patients admitted with a medical diagnosis, median age of patients with cancer was 65 (IQR 57-73) vs 56 (41-69) years for patients without cancer and median APACHE II score was 20 (9-27) vs 18 (10-25). The proportion of medical cancer and non-cancer patients in which organ support was provided was by invasive mechanical ventilation (71% vs 75%); vasoactive drug therapy (58% vs 46%); renal replacement therapy (20% vs 14%). The proportion of cancer patients with greater than one supported organ was 53% compared to 43% of patients without cancer. Mortality in ICU among medical cancer patients was 37.9% (95% CI 35.7 40.1%) compared to 25.8% (25.2 26.4%) in non-cancer patients. ICU mortality among cancer patients who did not receive organ support was 6.2% (1.7-15.0%) and 4.7% (3.3-6.4%) for non-cancer patients. Among patients who received three organ support mortality was 60.0% (45.1 73.6%) and 49.4% (44.9 -53.9%) among cancer and non-cancer patients respectively. Conclusions: Cancer patients admitted to ICU from a medical specialty tend to be older and have higher severity of illness scores. As a result there is a higher requirement for multi-organ support. Irrespective of the number of organs supported ICU mortality is higher among those patients with cancer.