Emmanuel Caillaud

A roadmap for parametric CAD efficiency in the automotive industry

3D CAD systems are used in product design for simultaneous engineering and to improve productivity. CAD tools can substantially enhance design performance. Although 3D CAD is a widely used and highly effective tool in mechanical design, mastery of CAD skills is complex and time-consuming. The concepts of parametric-associative models and systems are powerful tools whose efficiency is proportional to the complexity of their implementation. The availability of a framework for actions that can be taken to improve CAD efficiency can therefore be highly beneficial. Today, a clear and structured approach does not exist in this way for CAD methodology deployment. The novelty of this work is therefore to propose a general strategy for utilizing the advantages of parametric CAD in the automotive industry in the form of a roadmap. The main stages of the roadmap are illustrated by means of industrial use cases. The first results of his research are discussed and suggestions for future work are given.

Coupling reference modelling and performance evaluation for the effective integration of eco-design tools into the design process

In the current context, eco-design that focuses on the integration of environmental considerations into product development is becoming a major stake for many companies. It is, therefore, necessary to make eco-design tools available for product designers and for working situations in product development processes. While the research in the field proposes many tools, it nevertheless fails to consider their adequate integration into a given design process. To be successful, this integration requires: (i) a model of the specific design process in which the tools shall be integrated in order to identify how to integrate it and (ii) an evaluation of the effective use of a tool through its contribution to the performance of eco-design. To address these two requirements, we propose two models: first, a design process reference model that integrates environmental aspects and that is based on the principles of the ISO 19439 standard for enterprise modelling and the ISO/TR 14062 standard for eco-design; and second, performance evaluation based on the analysis of general studies on design performance and the exploitation of the GAMETH® framework. The performance model proposed consists in evaluating the knowledge used and produced for each activity of the process model, according to seven criteria related to time, cost, quality and contribution to the design objectives. A real study case illustrates how the propositions made here can be applied.

A framework for the design of knowledge management systems in eco-design

Eco-design is becoming a crucial challenge for many companies. The effective integration of environmental concerns into design is linked to the development of Knowledge Management Systems (KMS). In this context, this paper proposes a framework to support the design of KMS for eco-design. This framework consists of two complementary parts linked to the main knowledge management strategies that KMS generally support. The first part of the framework concerns codification strategy and relies on an eco-design process reference model and the related adaptation of the GAMETH® method used to locate and evaluate crucial knowledge systematically. The second part of the framework concerns the personalisation strategy. In this paper we propose to exploit the community of practice (CoP) theory by: (1) proposing guidelines defining the structural features of CoPs and (2) adapting a tool landscape providing insight on CoP instrumentation. Both guidelines support the setting up of a specific CoP. The exploitation of the framework is illustrated on a real case study.

Reference Modelling for Eco-Design

Abstract Enterprise modelling has successfully been applied for business process reengineering and manufacturing system design. Its use in other fields such as product design and especially eco-design remains seldom. However the problems encountered are quite similar. Eco-design requires being successful a complete process model. In this context, this paper shows how reference modelling can contribute to this target. Based on the ISO/TR 14062 norm on eco-design, the planning stage of the eco-design process is modelled following the principles of the ISO 19439 norm on enterprise modelling. A real study case illustrates an exploitation possibility of this model.

High Impact Polypropylene Recycling – Mechanical Resistance and LCA Case Study with Improved Efficiency by Preliminary Sensitivity Analysis

Life Cycle Inventory is one of the longest part of the LCA and yet we cannot always get all the necessary data. This study is a methodological point of view on getting a quality results from a case study of polypropylene recycling, based on an intersection of currently used methods of benchmarking the unavailable data, using the sensitivity analysis and the good practices in LCA. The principle is in classification of unavailable data based on their relevance to the results and to the goal and scope definition. The goal is to let the analysts focus on the most important parameters before spending resources on the least relevant missing data. The approach was realized on a case study of High Impact Polypropylene (HIPP) recycling. The LCA study is completed with study of impacts on the mechanical properties of the HIPP.

Managing Uncertainty in Innovative Design: Balancing Control and Flexibility

We investigate how control and flexibility can be balanced to manage uncertainty in innovative design. Emphasis is placed on two sources of uncertainty (technological and market) and two types of uncertainty (foreseen and unforeseen) that generate challenges in innovative design. After identifying project practices that cope with these uncertainties in terms of control and flexibility, a case-study sample based on five innovative design projects from an automotive company is analyzed and shows that control and flexibility can coexist. Moreover, it points out those projects that are suitable for achieving an optimal balance between control and flexibility.

Risk assessment of a sustainable supply chain. case study at Kuehne + Nagel Luxembourg

“Green” or “Sustainable supply chains”, have already been defined several times in many different ways, but the literature about its inherent risks is quite rare. In this paper, some of those risks have been defined and analysed via a case study. The latter is based on the validation and optimisation of Kuehne + Nagels internal CO2 calculation tool.

Sustainable Manufacturing Through Lean and Green Approach: Best Practices and Indicators

To become and remain competitive, companies must adopt evolution strategies. Lean Manufacturing is one such strategy used in several industrial companies. Lean Manufacturing is based on the identification and elimination of waste in various production processes. The originality of our work consists in proposing an approach which adds environmental and social dimensions to the consideration of economic earnings received through Lean actions. Adopting a case studies research methodology, we propose an extended literature review of lean and green paradigms and benchmark the practices of industrial companies in order to measure how Lean and Green actions can be enhanced when used together. We then highlight Lean and Green indicators and the associated best practices through the entire lifecycle corresponding to the maturity level of the company.Copyright

Proposal of an Activity-Based Adaptive Process Model for Innovative Design

In this paper, we introduced an activity-based adaptive process model that views innovative design as a complex adaptive system. Instead of predefining the process architecture, we constructed the model framework by adaptively selecting the design activity by the activity value. We defined the activity value as the complexity reduction associated with the possibility of satisfying the design targets and design stages. Moreover, this paper contributes an expert evaluation methodology to evaluate the activity value in order to balance innovation and control. Finally, we applied the model to an industrial case and analyzed the simulation results.

Performance Evaluation Model for Efficient Eco-Design Tool Integration

In the actual context, eco-design that focuses on the integration of environmental considerations into product development becomes a major stake for many companies. In order to make things happen, eco-design tools have to be made available for the product designers and for the working situations in product development processes. The research in the field proposes a lot of tools without dealing with their proper integration into a given design process. To succeed in requires evaluating their contribution to the eco-design process performance. Therefore, the objective of the paper is to propose a performance evaluation models. It is based on the analysis of general studies on design performance and the adaptation of the GAMETH® framework. The performance model proposed consists in evaluating the knowledge used and produced for each activity of a given design process, according to seven criteria related to time, cost, quality and contribution to the design objectives. A study case illustrates how the propositions made here can be applied.Copyright