Endang Warsiki

MODIFIKASI PENGOLAHAN DURIAN FERMENTASI (TEMPOYAK) DAN PERBAIKAN KEMASAN UNTUK MEMPERTAHANKAN MUTU DAN MEMPERPANJANG UMUR SIMPAN

Tempoyak is one of traditional food that has short shelf life. The pasteurization and packaging improvement could be expected can maintain the quality and extend the tempoyak’s shelf life. This research used polyethylene terephtalate (PET) and polyamide as packaging materials; with modified atmosphere packaging (MAP), non MAP, vacuum and non vacuum. The parameters quality of tempoyak were observed by value of pH, sugar content, lactic acid, alcohol, lactic acid bacteria growth and total plate count. The result showed that the best quality of tempoyak was produced by product with pasteurization treatment . Lactobacillus genus with L.plantarum, L. casei, and L . fermentum were the dominant species of lactic acid bacteria. The result also showed that after the tempoyak was fermented during 84 hours, then the pasteurization should be conducted to stop the fermentation. The 84 th hours was a constant phase in which that was the right time to inhibit the acid lac tic bacteria growth. Pasteurized tempoyak packaged in PET with MAP technique had the longest shelf life as much as 84 days than others treatment whose had aboutonly 14 untill 56 days. The decreasing of tempoyak quality at 84 days was showed by colour change of tempoyak from yelowness to brown, pH decreased from 3.97 to 3.73, lactic acid content decreased from 1.49 % to 0.99 % , sugar content decre a sed from 16.57 % to 3.28%, alcohol content of 0.32%, number of lactic acid bacteria decreased from 174.3×10 4 cfu/g to 8.6×10 2 cfu/g, and total plate count from 177×10 4 cfu/g to 182 .3 ×10 3 cfu/g . Keywords: modified atmosfir packaging, pasteurization , t empoya k, vacuum

Potential lactic acid production from crude glycerol as the precursor of polylactic acid analog : literature review

Biodiesel has gained a significant amount of attention over the past decade as an environmentally friendly fuel. However, the biodiesel production process generates glycerol-containing waste streams which have become a disposal issue for biodiesel plants and generated an abundant of crude glycerol, a low-value byproduct of biodiesel manufacturing. Conversion crude glycerol to valuable chemical such as lactic acid, a precursor of polylactic acid (PLA), has a great potential to substitute traditional feedstocks of PLA, i.e., carbohydrate or sugar sources. Some of the process perspectives and the potential of glycerol to produce lactic acid by chemical transformation or microbial conversion are discussed in this paper, as well as the possibility of extending lactic acid to polylactic acid (PLA).

Effect of natural Bayah zeolite particle size reduction to physico-chemical properties and absortion against potassium permanganate (KMnO4)

Recently, researches on nanotechnology have been developed very rapid, as well as the utilization of nano-zeolites. Nano-sized material has several advantages which are expanding absorptive surfaces so it will enhance the material absorption and shorten the absorption time. Zeolite as a KMnO4 binder, has been widely recognized for its ability to extend the shelf life of vegetables and fruits. This study was conducted to determine zeolites physico-chemical characters from different particle size and the effect on KMnO4 absorption. Potassium permanganate (KMnO4) is a strong oxidizer for reducing the quantity of ethylene in storage process of fresh horticultural products. The treatment consisted of (1) different length of milling time (10, 20, 30, 40, and 60 minutes) and (2) the duration of chemical activation with 1 N KOH solution. Physical and chemical characters of zeolite were analyzed using BET, PSA, XRD and SEM. The research design was randomized design. The result implied that milling time was signifi...